Zamkatimu
Njanji yotenthetsera chopukutira ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri ku bafa yamakono. Ichi ndi chinthu chotenthetsera chopangidwa ndi malupu amodzi kapena angapo. Zimagwira ntchito ziwiri zazikulu: kuyanika nsalu ndi kuchepetsa mlingo wa chinyezi m'chipindamo, kuwonjezera apo, chipangizochi chimatenthetsanso mpweya m'chipindamo. Kwenikweni, zitsulo zowonongeka zimayikidwa muzipinda zosambira ndi zimbudzi, koma zimatha kuikidwa paliponse m'chipindamo - zonse zimadalira katundu wa chowotcha ndi ntchito za wogwiritsa ntchito.
Mitundu ya njanji zopukutira zopukutira ku bafa
Zotenthetsera thaulo zimagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo pazifukwa zingapo. Njira yofunikira kwambiri ndikugawika kwa mtundu wa zoziziritsa kukhosi: madzi, magetsi komanso kuphatikiza.
Madzi otentha chopukutira njanji
Sitima yapamadzi yotenthetsera madzi imalumikizidwa ndi system of hot water supply (DHW) kapena heat. Madzi otentha amadutsa mumsewu wa njanji yamoto, ndipo kutentha kumasamutsidwa pamwamba pake. Chifukwa cha kayendedwe ka madzi kosalekeza, mapaipi a chipangizocho amakhala ofunda nthawi zonse. Njira yabwino kwambiri yokhazikitsira ndi njira yoperekera madzi otentha. Kuyika kungathenso kuchitidwa ku makina otenthetsera, koma pamenepa ndikofunika kupeza chilolezo kuchokera ku kampani yoyang'anira ngati mukukhala mumzinda wapamwamba kwambiri, kuwonjezera apo, pakuyika, kutentha kuyenera kuzimitsidwa ponseponse. , ndipo antchito a kampani yoyang'anira okha ndi omwe angachite izi. Kuonjezera apo, ngati palibe kutentha (nthawi kapena chifukwa cha ngozi), njanji yotentha yotereyi imakhala yozizira. N'zothekanso kugwirizanitsa ndi makina otenthetsera odziimira okha ngati mukukhala m'nyumba yaumwini.
Ubwino wa chipangizo choterocho umaphatikizapo kuphatikizika kwawo m'madzi kapena kutentha kwa nyumba yogonamo ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuchita bwino; osafunikira kuyala zingwe zamagetsi. Zoipa - zovuta za kukhazikitsa ndi kudalira pa ntchito ya DHW kapena kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, m'nyumba zambiri zogona m'nyengo yachilimwe, madzi otentha amayimitsidwa kwa masiku 10-14 kuti asungidwe ndi kukonzanso maukonde otenthetsera, ndi kutentha - nyengo yonse yachilimwe. Kudalirika ndi kukhazikika kwa zipangizo zoterezi ndizokwera kwambiri, malinga ndi khalidwe lapamwamba la mankhwalawo komanso kusamalidwa mopanda malire kwa malamulo oyikapo. Muyeneranso kukumbukira kuti njanji iliyonse yotenthetsera madzi imakhala ndi chiwopsezo cha kutayikira. Kuphatikiza apo, kutayikira kumatha kuchitika mu njanji yotenthetsera yopukutira yokha, komanso polumikizana, ndi mapaipi amadzi otentha kapena makina otenthetsera. Chisankho chanzeru chingakhale kukhazikitsa njira yotetezera madzi akutuluka. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, malinga ndi ziwerengero za makampani a inshuwalansi, kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa katundu chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa madzi kumakhala kochuluka kangapo kuposa kutayika kwa mbava.
Wotenthetsera thaulo lamagetsi
Sitima yapamtunda yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi chipangizo chodziyimira chokha chomwe sichidalira kutentha kapena njira zoperekera madzi ndipo zimayendetsedwa ndi netiweki yamagetsi. Mtundu uwu wagawidwa m'magulu awiri: "yonyowa" ndi "youma". Mu chozizira "chonyowa" ndi madzi amafuta, omwe amatenthedwa ndi chinthu chotenthetsera. Propylene glycol imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri muzitsulo zamakono zowonongeka - zimatentha mofulumira ndipo zimasunga kutentha bwino ngakhale zitazimitsidwa. Muzitsulo zowuma "zowuma", chonyamulira kutentha ndi chingwe chotenthetsera kapena chowotcha cha tubular.
Zidazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito osati mu bafa, zikhoza kuikidwa paliponse pamene pali waya wamagetsi. Komabe, popeza amathandizidwa ndi maukonde, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zonse kudzawonjezekanso. Mphamvu za zida zotere zimayambira pa Watts 100, zosankha zofala kwambiri ndi 300 mpaka 1000 Watts. Ma njanji ambiri otenthetsera matawulo amagetsi amakhala ndi ma thermostats, momwe mungakhazikitsire kutentha komwe mukufuna, kukonza mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito, kuyatsa ndi kuzimitsa.
ubwino zotenthetsera zotere - kudziyimira pawokha, palibe chifukwa choyika, kusinthasintha kwa zoikamo (zokonda zimatengera chitsanzo chapadera), palibe chiopsezo chotaya. Ku zovuta kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri pamitundu ina komanso kufunikira kotulutsa madzi ngati kugwirizana kwapangidwa mu bafa.
Kuphatikizidwa mkangano thaulo njanji
Kuphatikizika kwa thaulo la thaulo kumaphatikiza zinthu zamagetsi ndi madzi. Iwo ali amitundu iwiri. Mtundu woyamba uli ndi zigawo ziwiri - imodzi mwa izo imagwirizanitsidwa ndi DHW kapena makina otenthetsera, ndipo ina imanyamula chinthu chotenthetsera (madzi kapena chingwe) choyendetsedwa ndi magetsi. Ndiko kuti, gawo lililonse limatha kugwira ntchito palokha. Mu mtundu wachiwiri, zigawo zamagetsi ndi madzi zimagwirizanitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, kuti musinthe chipangizocho kuchokera kumadzi kupita kumagetsi amagetsi, ndikofunikira kutsekereza polowera ndi kutulutsa madzi mothandizidwa ndi matepi opindika, ndipo chotenthetsera chimatenthetsa kuchuluka komwe kumatsalira mu njanji yopukutira.
Mukalumikiza chipangizo choterocho, ndikofunikira kutsatira nthawi yomweyo zofunikira zamadzi ndi njanji zopukutira zamagetsi. Ubwino waukulu ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu. Zoyipa - kukwera mtengo komanso kuchuluka kwazovuta za kukhazikitsa.
Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono posankha njanji yotenthetsera yopukutira ku bafa
"Chakudya Chathanzi Pafupi Ndi Ine" adatembenukira ku Mtsogoleri wa injiniya Yuri Epifanov ndi pempho lofotokozera zomwe izi kapena chizindikiro cha njanji yamoto chimakhudza ndi momwe mungasankhire chisankho chomwe chidzakwaniritse zofunikira zanu.
Mtundu wa njanji ya thaulo yotenthetsera
Chofunika kwambiri ndikusankha mtundu wa njanji yotenthetsera thaulo, ndipo chifukwa cha izi muyenera kuphunzira chipinda chomwe chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa bwino. Mitundu yonse itatu yazitsulo zowotchera zowotcha ndizoyenera zipinda zosambira: madzi, magetsi komanso ophatikizana. Kwa zipinda zina, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zamagetsi. Komabe, zipinda zosambira ndi zimbudzi zimasiyana wina ndi mzake - zimakhala ndi malo osiyana, mapangidwe, ndipo chofunika kwambiri, mapaipi amagwirizanitsidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Kwa zipinda zosambira, njanji yotenthetsera madzi ndi yabwino, chifukwa imaphatikizidwa munjira yoperekera madzi otentha kapena muzotenthetsera. Komabe, nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kapena zosatheka kupanga eyeliner pansi pa njanji yotenthetsera thaulo, pomwe zimakhala zomveka kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wamagetsi. Kuphatikiza kwake kwakukulu ndikuti imatha kuyatsidwa ndikuzimitsa mwakufuna kwake, ndipo mitundu yambiri imatha kukonzedwanso. Koma pakadali pano, bafa liyenera kukhala ndi potulutsa madzi, ndipo opanga amalimbikitsa kulumikiza mitundu ina kudzera pa switchboard.
Miyendo yamagetsi yotenthetsera magetsi imakhala ndi chinthu chimodzi: opanga nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa chipangizocho, pomwe mphamvu yeniyeni yowotcha imatha kukhala yotsika. Nthawi zonse ndikofunikira kuyang'ana chidziwitsochi ndi wopanga kapena wogulitsa.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera bafa ingakhale njanji yophatikizana yotenthetsera, koma ndiyokwera mtengo, ndipo kuika kwake kumakhala kovuta kwambiri: kumafunikira socket yopanda madzi ndi madzi.
Design
Kutengera mtundu wa kapangidwe kake, njanji zotenthetsera zopukutira zimagawidwa kukhala zokhazikika komanso zozungulira. Zida zoyima sizikuyenda, pazigawo zozungulira zimasuntha madigiri 180. Zowotchera thaulo zamtundu uliwonse zimatha kusuntha, zina zimakhala ndi magawo omwe akuyenda, pomwe ena amakhala ndi ma slats osiyana omwe alibe chotenthetsera.
Zosintha zokhala ndi magawo osuntha zimawoneka ngati zosavuta kwambiri, koma zimakhala ndi cholakwika: zinthu zomwe zimasuntha zimalumikizidwa ndi ma gaskets omwe amatha kutha (nthawi yoyambira kuyika mpaka kutayikira koyamba kumadalira mtundu wa zigawozo komanso kulimba kwa ntchito). Ngati mwakonzeka kukonza nthawi ndi nthawi kapena kusintha chipangizocho komanso kupezeka kwa magawo otenthetsera ozungulira ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa inu, ndiye yang'anani yankho ili.
Njira ina yabwino ingakhale njanji yotenthetsera yokhala ndi ma slats osunthika omwe salandira madzi: mumasunga njanji yozungulira, koma nthawi yomweyo mumapeza kudalirika kwa yoyima.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira njanji ya rotary heated towel ndi mtundu wamagetsi "wouma". Kutayikira mu nkhani iyi si koopsa, ndi Kutentha chingwe ndi zotanuka kwambiri ndipo saopa anapinda.
Njira yokwezera
Malinga ndi njira yoyikapo, njanji zapakhoma ndi pansi zimasiyanitsidwa. Zitsanzo za khoma ndizofala kwambiri, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri muzipinda zosambira. M'zipinda zosambira zazikulu, akatswiri amalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zapansi monga zopatulira zone (chimbudzi, bafa, sinki). Pali zitsanzo zapansi zomwe zimaphatikiza radiator ndi dera la chitoliro. Mukasankha pakati pa madzi apansi ndi khoma kapena njanji yotenthetsera, muyenera kumvetsetsa nthawi yomweyo momwe zimakhalira zosavuta kuti muthamangire mipope kupitako (kuchokera pakuwona kothandiza komanso kokongola). Izi zitha kukhudza chisankho chomaliza.
Maonekedwe ndi kukula
Zotenthetsera thaulo zimasiyanasiyana mawonekedwe. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi "njoka" ndi "makwerero". "Njoka" - chitoliro chopindika mobwerezabwereza, pali mitundu ingapo ya "njoka". "Makwerero" - awa ndi awiri ofukula ndi angapo opingasa mapaipi, kuchokera awiri kapena kuposa. Palinso mankhwala a U-, M-, E-mawonekedwe, palinso njira zopangira zosagwirizana, mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe ozungulira. Zowumitsira thaulo zimapezeka munjira yopingasa kapena yoyima.
Miyezo yokhazikika ya njanji zotenthetsera zopukutira zimayambira 30 mpaka 100 cm mulifupi ndi 40 mpaka 150 cm m'litali. Kwa chowotcha chamagetsi chamagetsi, mphamvu ndi yofunika kwambiri kuposa kukula. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, nthawi zambiri zimasiyana kuchokera ku 300 mpaka 1000 watts. Kwa madzi ndi kusiyanasiyana kophatikizana, osati kukula kokha, komanso mafupipafupi a malo a mapaipi kapena kupindika kwa chitoliro chimodzi. Kukwera kwa magawo awiriwa, kutentha kwambiri chipangizocho chidzatulutsa.
Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka
Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhala zodalirika kwambiri pazitsulo zotenthetsera thaulo
Zitsanzo zachitsulo (monga lamulo, tikukamba za zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri) ndizofala kwambiri, popeza chitsulo ndi chinthu chokhazikika chokhala ndi zinthu zabwino zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pazitsanzo zamagetsi zamadzi, zophatikizika ndi "zonyowa". Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mitengo ya zipangizo zoterezi ndi demokalase kwambiri. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri chimakutidwa ndi chrome kapena utoto.
Pazitsulo zowotchera, zitsulo "zakuda" zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Zilibe zokutira zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri ndipo, motero, zimalekerera chilengedwe cham'madzi choyipa kwambiri. Chipangizo choterocho chikhoza kusankhidwa kuti chiziwotcha chokhazikika, koma kuti mugwirizane ndi machitidwe apakati, muyenera kugula zitsanzo zazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Chitsulo "chakuda", komabe, ndi chotsika mtengo kuposa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Lamuloli silikugwira ntchito pazida zamagetsi "zowuma".
Njira ina yotsika mtengo ndi zitsulo za aluminiyamu zotenthetsera thaulo. Kutentha kwawo kwa kutentha kumakhala bwino kuposa chitsulo, koma chofooka kuposa mkuwa, ndipo aluminiyamu yokha imakhala yochepa kwambiri ndipo imawoneka yosakongola.
Copper imakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu komanso mphamvu, imatentha mofulumira, koma ndi yokwera mtengo. Maonekedwe ake samagwirizana nthawi zonse ndi zamkati zamakono, koma ngati mkati mwanu mwapangidwa "zakale", ndiye kuti mkuwa ndi wabwino kwambiri. Ngati mwasankha kusankha chitsanzo chamkuwa, ndikofunika kuti chikhale chopangika mkati, ndiko kuti, chopanda kukhudzana ndi chilengedwe cha m'madzi, chomwe chidzakhalapo nthawi yayitali. Galvanization ndiyosasankha pamitundu yamagetsi yokhala ndi chingwe chotenthetsera.
Brass ndi aloyi yochokera ku mkuwa ndi zinki, njanji zopangira thaulo zotenthetsera zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera pamenepo zimakhala zofanana ndi zamkuwa, koma ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito machitidwe omwe ali ndi mphamvu yamadzi yamphamvu, ndiye kuti, pakati. Kwa machitidwe odziyimira pawokha, iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri.
Zitsanzo za Ceramic zimatengedwa kuti ndizolimba kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo zimakhala zodula komanso zosawerengeka. Njanji za matawulo a ceramic nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamagetsi.
Ndi zina ndi ntchito ziti zomwe ndiyenera kusamala nazo posankha njanji yotenthetsera thaulo?
- Posankha njanji yotenthetsera thaulo, ndi bwino kusankha imodzi yomwe mapaipi amapangidwa popanda seams longitudinal. Msoko ukhoza kuwoneka ngati muyang'ana mkati mwa chitoliro. Zomangamanga ndi msoko ndizosadalirika komanso zolimba.
- Makulidwe a khoma la mipope ayenera kukhala osachepera 2 mm. Kuchuluka kwa makulidwe, kumapangitsanso kudalirika komanso kutumiza kutentha kwabwino.
- Ndi zofunika kuti awiri a chitoliro palokha kukhala osachepera 32 mm.
- Ganizirani za kukula kwa zokwera ndi mapaipi m'chipinda chanu. Adapter zonse zofunika ziyenera kusungidwa pasadakhale.
- Kuti muyike zitsulo zamagetsi zotenthetsera mu bafa kapena kukhitchini, socket yopanda madzi imafunika. Iyenera kulumikizidwa kwamuyaya, kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zowonjezera sikuvomerezeka.
- Pogula njanji yotenthetsera thaulo, tcherani khutu ku mtundu wa welds ndi ma bend ndi ntchito yonse. The seams ayenera mwaukhondo, popanda sagging, notches, etc. The mapindikira ndi yosalala, popanda deformations. Kapangidwe ka njanji yotenthetsera thaulo nthawi zambiri imakhala yosalala, yofananira komanso yopanda mapindikidwe. Ulusi uyenera kudulidwa bwino komanso mwaukhondo. Chophimbacho chokha ndi yunifolomu, popanda tchipisi, zokopa ndi sagging.
- Mapangidwe okopa nawonso ndi ofunikira, koma sizitsulo zonse zotenthetsera zopukutira zili nazo.
- Zida zambiri zamagetsi zili ndi ma thermostats omwe amakulolani kuti mukonzekere ntchito yawo. Ndikoyenera kusankha chipangizo chomwe chili ndi chozimitsa nthawi (ndipo makamaka chowerengera nthawi), chifukwa izi zimathandizira kupulumutsa mphamvu komanso moyo wosalira zambiri.
- Funsani wogulitsa zolemba zonse zofunika: pasipoti yazinthu, ziphaso, khadi la chitsimikizo, ndi zina.