"Chiphunzitso chopanda kuchita chidafa," adatero wamkulu wa Suvorov, ndipo ndikumva kuti munthawi zina Alexander Vasilyevich akadakhala wophika wabwino kwambiri. Kupatula apo, kodi njira iliyonse ndi iti ngati si nthano? Wophika kumene kapena wolandila alendo angawoneke pachabe pazithunzithunzi pang'onopang'ono, koma ngati sakudziwa zoyambira, chinsinsicho chimakhala ndi mawu osamvetsetseka mchinenero chakufa.
Ndi angati a inu amene angadzitamande kuti mukudziwa momwe mungachitire mwachangu (mu poto, kumene)? Moona mtima, sindimachita bwino nthawi zonse. Ndipo ngati mulibe pulani yopulumutsa dziko lapansi kwa mphindi zisanu zotsatira, khalani omasuka, tiyeni tikonzekere limodzi.
Kodi Fry ndi chiyani?
Tikamalankhula za kukazinga, timatanthauza njira imodzi yothandizira kutentha kwa chakudya, momwe kutentha kumasamutsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta otentha kapena mafuta. Pa milandu 90%, poto wowotcha amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokazinga.*, komwe mafuta amawonjezeredwa ndipo mankhwalawo amawotchera mpaka bulauni wagolide. Ndipo ngati ndikusiya kusankha kwa mankhwalawa mwanzeru zanu pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kunena za anthu ena mwatsatanetsatane.
Pan
Ngati mukuganiza kuti tsopano ndikuwululira chinsinsi chowopsa ndikukuwuzani kuti poto uti ndi woyenera kuwotcha, ndiyenera kukukhumudwitsani. Choyamba, palibe mgwirizano pakati pa asayansi pazomwezi: anthu ena amati poto wowotchera bwino ndi agogo achitsulo, ena amakonda poto wowala komanso wamakono wopanda zokutira. Kachiwiri, mapeni osiyana siyana ndi oyenera mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokazinga: Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kukazinga nyama yang'ombe, poto imodzi ndiyabwino kwa inu, koma ngati mukuwotcha zikondamoyo za zukini, ndiye china.*…. Mwambiri, poto wabwino uyenera kukhala ndi izi:
- pansi wandiweyani - pakugawa kwabwino ngakhale kutentha*;
- lalikulu lalikulu - kuti chakudya chochuluka chikhale chokazinga nthawi imodzi;
- chogwiririra bwino - mutayika poto pamoto, kugwiritsa ntchito chida ichi sikutopa, ndipo ngati chogwirira, mwachitsanzo, chikutenthedwa mwachangu, izi sizabwino kwenikweni.
Koma zokutira zopanda ndodo ndi lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse. Ndizowona, ndizosavuta, koma kwenikweni, simukuzisowa kawirikawiri, ndipo mutazigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, chovala choterocho chimatha kulowa ndikudya, zomwe ndizosafunikira kwenikweni.
Kutentha gwero
Ndiye kuti, mbaula. Mukandifunsa zomwe ndizosavuta kuzichitira mwachangu, ndiyankha mosazengereza - pamoto. Moto ndi wosavuta kuwongolera*, imawotcha poto mwachangu ndikukulolani kuti muwone bwino zomwe zikuchitika. Sindinkagwirizana ndi ophika olowetsamo, koma ngati ndimvetsetsa momwe amagwirira ntchito, ophika oterewa amakhala ngati ophika gasi, komabe, si poto lililonse lomwe lingawayike. Masitovu amagetsi osazungunulira samasinthidwa bwino: amatenthetsa pang'onopang'ono, amaziziritsa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo ngati pansi pa poto pomafuna kutentha*, zidzatentha mosagwirizana. Chodabwitsa, ndili ndi mbaula yamagetsi kunyumba, kotero ndikudziwa zomwe ndikunena.
mafuta
Khalidwe lachitatu, lopanda ntchitoyo siliyamba, ndi mafuta. Zonena zabodza (komanso otsatsa zimasangalalira) kuti mutha kuwotchera mapani osalumikiza osawonjezera mafuta - koma ngati mukufuna kuti chovalacho chisachoke mutagwiritsa ntchito kangapo, ngakhale poto loterolo zingakhale bwino mwachangu ndimadontho ochepa amafuta ... Kwa enawo, sindimenya mozungulira tchire: miyezi ingapo yapitayo ndidalemba nkhani Ndi mafuta otani omwe ndimathira nawo?, pomwe ndidasanthula zosankha zosiyanasiyana ndikuphatikiza, ndikuwona, yabwino.
kutentha
Mukumvetsetsa kwanga, kukazinga moyenera ndikuti kukazinga komwe zonse zomwe zimachitika poto zikuyang'aniridwa kwathunthu, ndipo popeza ndi funso lakuchiritsa kutentha, kuwongolera kutentha kumabwera patsogolo. Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti sitikusowa ma thermometer ndi matebulo a Bradis - malo atatu otenthetsera amakhala ofunikira mukamawotcha, ndipo ndiosavuta kudziwa zowoneka:
- malo otentha amadzi - osasintha 100 madigiri Celsius*… Madzi amapezeka mwamtundu uliwonse, ndipo akakumana ndi mafuta, amayamba kuwonekera. Ngati mafutawo atenthedwa pamwamba pamadzi otentha, amasanduka nthunzi nthawi yomweyo ndipo samasokoneza kayendedwe kabwino. Ngati mafuta akutenthedwa mpaka kutentha kupitilira madigiri 100*, madzi sadzasanduka nthunzi, ndipo mankhwalawo sadzakazinga, koma amawathira mafuta osakaniza ndi timadziti tawo.
- Kutentha kwa Maillard - kutentha komwe kusintha kwamankhwala kumayambira pakati pa amino acid ndi shuga omwe amapezeka, ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale kutumphuka kwa golide. Izi, zomwe zafotokozedwa mu 1912 ndi Mfalansa Louis-Camille Maillard, zimayamba kutentha kwa 140-165 madigiri Celsius. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati muwotcha chakudya mumafuta otenthedwa mpaka madigiri a 130, amawotchera, osaphika, koma simudzapeza kutumphuka.
- utsi wamafuta - kutentha komwe mafuta amayamba kusuta ndichizindikiro chakuti mankhwala ake ayamba kusintha, ndipo zopangitsa khansa zayamba kupangika. Frying mu mafuta usavutike kutentha ichi osavomerezeka*.
Monga mukuwonera, mafuta ozizira kwambiri ndi oyipa, otentha kwambiri amakhalanso oyipa, ndipo ndikusaka tanthauzo la golide lomwe limakhala chopinga chachikulu kwa oyamba kumene omwe sanaphunzire kupsa bwino.
Yesetsani
Tiyeni tisunthireko poyesera, munjira yamafunso.
Momwe mungawonjezere mafuta - pa skillet yozizira kapena pa preheated? Mwachidziwitso, njira yachiwiri ndiyolondola, koma ngati simukudziwa kuti mutha kuthana ndi mphindi yoyenera popanda kutentha poto, thirani mafuta pamodzi ndi poto. Mutha kuwona kutentha kwake munjira zachikale - mwa kuyika dzanja lanu masentimita angapo kuchokera pamwamba pa mafuta* kapena kuwaza m'mafuta ndi madontho angapo amadzi: ngati ataphwanyika, muthamangire ndikusandulika pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, ndiye kuti mutha kuyamba kukazinga.
Nanga bwanji ngati mafuta akutentha kwambiri ndikuyamba kusuta? Chotsani skillet kutentha* ndi kupotokola bwino kuti uziziritse mafuta mwachangu. Ngati mafuta akupitirizabe kusuta komanso kuda, ndibwino kuti muwatsanulire, pukutani poto, ndikuyambiranso.
Nanga bwanji ngati chakudyacho chikuwonjezeredwa mafuta mwachangu kwambiri ndipo sakufuna kukazinga? Zimachitika. Kwezani kutentha pang'ono ndikusiya chakudya chokha. Posakhalitsa mudzamva phokoso la phokoso - chizindikiro chotsimikizika kuti mafuta atenthedwa ndipo madzi ayamba kusungunuka. Mwamsanga pamene timadziti timene timatulutsa zinthuzo timatulutsa nthunzi, timayamba kuzizira, ndipo pambuyo pake akhoza kutembenuzidwa ndikupitiriza mwachangu monga mwachizolowezi.
Bwanji ngati pali zinthu zambiri? Mwachangu mu magawo angapo. Malangizo okhazikika ndikuyala zinthu mu poto kuti zisakhumane: pakadali pano palibe chomwe chingalepheretse timadziti timene timatulutsa kuti zisatuluke momasuka.
Kodi mungatani ngati chakudya chimamatira poto? Ndipo izi zimachitika - komanso nthawi zambiri kuposa momwe tikufunira. Pitirizani mwachangu ndipo, mutagwira poto ndi chogwirira, muziyendetsa mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo. Pakadutsa mphindi imodzi kapena ziwiri, kutumphuka kutuluka, mankhwalawo amadzichotsa payokha.
Kodi ndingapewe bwanji chakudya kuyaka popanda chovala chopanda ndodo? Njira yomwe tafotokozayi imagwira ntchito mosalakwitsa - koma, mwachitsanzo, kuwotchera nsomba mu poto popanda wokutira wosasunthika kuti khungu lisamamatire pansi pa poto ndizovuta kwambiri. Poterepa, dulani bwalo lolembapo pepala, liyikeni pansi pa poto, ndipo mwachangu.*.
Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi momwe mungapangire mwachangu, afunseni mu ndemanga. Chilichonse chomwe munthu anganene, kukazinga kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuposa, kunena, kuyendetsa, ndipo aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi luso limeneli.