Momwe mungachotsere / kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa nambala mu Excel (+ zitsanzo)

Kutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa nambala ndikuchita nawo ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndikofunikira kwambiri m'malo osiyanasiyana - ma accounting, ndalama, komanso ngakhale mukamadya mu lesitilanti. Palibe gawo la moyo lomwe sikungakhale kofunikira kuti nthawi ndi nthawi kudziwa gawo lonselo.

Excel ili ndi zida zonse zomwe zimakulolani kuti mugwire ntchito ndi maperesenti. Ambiri amachitidwa okha, ingolowetsani chilinganizo, ndipo mtengo womwe mukufuna udzawerengedwa. Momasuka kwambiri.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito maperesenti mu Excel

Aliyense tsopano akudziwa momwe angadziwire maperesenti. Ndipo ngakhale sakudziwa momwe angachitire, zitha kuchitidwa nthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito chowerengera (ngakhale palibenso aliyense wotere). Pa chipangizochi, maperesenti ndi maperesenti amachitidwa ndi chizindikiro chapadera%. 

Ndi Excel, izi ndizosavuta kuposa nokha. Koma musanapange ma formula ndikuchita nawo maopaleshoni, muyenera kukumbukira zoyambira zakusukulu.

Peresenti ndi zana limodzi mwa nambala. Kuti mudziwe, muyenera kugawa gawolo ndi chiwerengero cha chiwerengero ndikuchulukitsa zotsatira ndi 100. 

Tiyerekeze kuti ndinu woyang'anira nyumba yosungiramo zinthu. Mayunitsi 30 azinthu adaperekedwa kwa inu. Pa tsiku loyamba, 5 okha a iwo anazindikira. Ndiye ndi gawo lotani lazinthu zomwe zidagulitsidwa?

Timamvetsetsa kuti 5 ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ndipo 30 ndi chiwerengero chonse. Chotsatira, muyenera kungoyika manambala oyenerera mu ndondomeko yomwe tafotokozayi, kenako timapeza zotsatira za 16,7%.

Kuonjezera chiwerengero ku chiwerengero mu njira yokhazikika kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, chifukwa opaleshoniyi imachitika m'njira zingapo.

Choyamba muyenera kudziwa 5%, ndiyeno onjezerani mtengo uwu ku chiwerengerocho. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muwonjezera 5% mpaka 25, zotsatira zomaliza zidzakhala 26,5.

Tsopano, titadziwa malamulo ogwirira ntchito ndi maperesenti m'moyo weniweni, sizovuta kumvetsetsa momwe zimagwirira ntchito mu Excel.

Kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa nambala mu Excel

Kuti muchite izi, mungagwiritse ntchito njira zingapo.

Tiyerekeze kuti tili ndi tebulo ngati limeneli. Selo yoyamba yopingasa ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu, ndipo yachiwiri, motsatira, kuchuluka kwake komwe kunagulitsidwa. Chachitatu, tidzachita masamu.

Tsopano tiyeni tione bwinobwino chithunzichi. Simukuwona chodabwitsa? Fomula ikuwonetsa kugawika kosavuta kwa gawo lonse, kuchuluka kwake kumawonetsedwa, koma sitinachulukitse zotsatira ndi 100. Chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika?

Chowonadi ndi chakuti selo iliyonse mu Excel imatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ake. Pankhani ya C1, peresenti imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndiko kuti, pulogalamuyo imachulukitsa zotsatira zake ndi 100, ndipo chizindikiro cha% chimawonjezeredwa pazotsatira. Ngati pali chosowa chotere, wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kudziwa kuti ndi malo angati a decimal omwe akuyenera kuwonetsedwa pazotsatira. 

Tsopano tiyeni tidziwe kuti ndi nambala iti yomwe ili ndi magawo asanu peresenti ya nambala 25. Kuti muchite izi, choyamba muyenera kuchulukitsa ziwerengerozi, ndikuzigawa ndi 100. Zotsatira zake zikuwonekera pazithunzi.

Chabwino, kapena njira yachiwiri ndikugawaniza chiwerengerocho ndi zana, ndikuchulukitsa ndi 5. Zotsatira sizidzasintha kuchokera ku izi. 

Ntchitoyi ikhoza kukwaniritsidwa mwanjira ina. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupeza% chizindikiro pa kiyibodi (kuwonjezera, muyenera kukanikiza nthawi yomweyo nambala 5 ndi kiyi Shift).

Ndipo tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chidziwitso chomwe mwapeza.

Tiyerekeze kuti tili ndi tebulo lazinthu zamtengo wapatali, mtengo wake, komanso tikudziwa mtengo wa VAT (tiyerekeze ndi 18%). Chifukwa chake, mu gawo lachitatu ndikofunikira kulemba kuchuluka kwa msonkho.

Mtengo ukachulukitsidwa ndi 18%, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera chodzaza zokha kuti mulembe fomulayi mu selo lililonse lazagawo. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera dinani bokosi lomwe lili kumunsi kumanja ndikulikokera mpaka pama cell omwe mukufuna. 

Titalandira kuchuluka kwa msonkho, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti wogwiritsa ntchitoyo adzalipira zingati pamapeto pake.

Njirayi ndi iyi:

=(B1*100)/18

Titagwiritsa ntchito, timapeza zotsatira zake patebulo.

Tikudziwa kuti ndi zinthu zingati zomwe zidagulitsidwa zonse komanso payekhapayekha. Tsopano tikuyenera kumvetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa zogulitsa zonse kuli pagawo lililonse.

Fomula sikusintha. Muyenera kugawa gawolo ndi chiwerengero cha chiwerengero, ndikuchulukitsa zotsatira ndi 100. Koma mu nkhani iyi, muyenera kupanga ulalowo mtheradi. Kuti muchite izi, itsogolereni nambala ya mzere ndi dzina la mzere ndi chizindikiro cha dola $. Mudzapeza zotsatira zotsatirazi.

Kuwonjezera peresenti ku nambala mu Excel

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutsatira njira ziwiri:

1. Dziwani kuchuluka kwa nambala. Kwa ife ndi 1,25.
   

   

2. Zotsatira zake zikuwonjezedwa ku chiwerengero chonse. Mu chitsanzo chathu, zotsatira zake zidzakhala 26,5. Ndiko kuti, kutsatizana kwa zochita kumakhala kofanana ndi kuwerengera kwanthawi zonse, kuwerengera konse kumachitika mkati mwa Excel.
   

   

Ndipo patebulo ili, timawonjezera mwachindunji zikhalidwe. Tiyeni tisayang'ane pa zochitika zapakati.

Poyamba, tili ndi tebulo ngati ili.

Tikudziwa kuti mu chitsanzo chathu chiwerengero cha VAT chimayikidwa pa 18 peresenti. Choncho, kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa katundu ndi VAT, choyamba muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa msonkho, ndikuwonjezera pamtengo.

Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kulemba mabatani, chifukwa amauza pulogalamuyo momwe angachitire masamu.

Kuti muchepetse chiwerengero ndi peresenti inayake, ndondomekoyi imakhala yofanana, kupatula kuti m'malo mowonjezera, ntchito yochotsa imachitidwa.

Werengani Kusiyanasiyana kwa Maperesenti mu Excel

Kusiyana kwake ndi muyeso wowonetsa kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa mtengo, komwe kumawonetsedwa mugawo linalake. Kwa ife, awa ndi maperesenti. 

Tisaganize za Excel poyamba, koma lingalirani zonse. Tiyerekeze kuti matebulo amawononga ma ruble 100 mwezi watha, ndipo tsopano amawononga ma ruble 150. 

Pankhaniyi, ndondomeko yotsatirayi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mudziwe kuti mtengowu wasinthidwa bwanji.

Kusiyana kwamaperesenti = (zatsopano - data yakale) / data yakale * 100%.

Kwa ife, mtengowo unakula ndi 50%.

kuchotsera peresenti mu Excel

Ndipo tsopano tifotokoza momwe tingachitire zomwezo mu Excel. Nachi chithunzithunzi kuti chimveke bwino. Samalani ndi formula bar.

Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa mtundu wamtundu kuti ziwonetsero ziwoneke bwino.

Ngati mukufuna kuwerengera kuti mtengo wasintha bwanji poyerekeza ndi zomwe zasonyezedwa pamzere wapitawu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito fomula (samalani ndi chithunzi).

Kwenikweni, zikuwoneka motere: (mtengo wotsatira - mtengo wam'mbuyo) / mtengo wam'mbuyo.

Popeza kutsimikizika kwa deta sikumapereka mwayi wowonetsa kusintha kwa magawo pamzere, zitha kudumphidwa. 

Nthawi zina zingakhale zofunikira kufananiza ndi Januwale. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusandutsa ulalo kukhala mtheradi, ndiyeno ingogwiritsani ntchito chizindikiro cha autocomplete pakafunika.

Kuchotsa maperesenti kuchokera pa spreadsheet yomalizidwa ya Excel

Koma bwanji ngati zomwe zalembedwa kale patebulo? Pankhaniyi, muyenera choyamba kuyika cholozera pamwamba opanda kanthu selo ndi kuika = chizindikiro. Pambuyo pake, dinani pa cell yomwe ili ndi mtengo womwe mukufuna kudziwa kuchuluka kwake. Kenako, dinani - (kuti muchotse) ndikudina pa selo lomwelo). Kenako timakanikiza chizindikiro cha nyenyezi (kutanthauza ntchito yochulukitsa mu Excel) ndikulemba kuchuluka kwa maperesenti omwe akuyenera kuchotsedwa pa nambalayi. Pambuyo pake, ingolembani chizindikiro cha peresenti ndikutsimikizira kulowa kwa fomula ndi kiyi ya Enter.

Zotsatira zidzawonekera mu selo lomwelo momwe fomula idalembedwera.

Kuti muyikoperenso pansi pamzati ndikuchitanso chimodzimodzi ndi mizere ina, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha autocomplete monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Ndiko kuti, kokerani selo mu ngodya yakumanja kwa nambala yofunikira ya maselo pansi. Pambuyo pake, mu selo iliyonse mudzapeza zotsatira za kuchotsa chiwerengero china kuchokera ku chiwerengero chachikulu.

Kuchotsa chidwi patebulo yokhala ndi maperesenti okhazikika

Tiyerekeze kuti tili ndi tebulo loterolo.

M'menemo, imodzi mwa selo ili ndi peresenti yomwe simasintha m'mawerengedwe onse m'maselo onse a gawoli. Njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakadali pano ikuwoneka pachithunzi pamwambapa (selo ya G2 ili ndi gawo lokhazikika).

Chizindikiro cha adiresi yeniyeni ya selo chikhoza kufotokozedwa pamanja (pongolowetsa pamaso pa adiresi ya mzere kapena mzere), kapena podina pa selo ndikukanikiza batani F4. 

Izi zidzakonza ulalo kuti usasinthe ukakopera ku ma cell ena. Pambuyo pokanikiza fungulo la Enter, timapeza zotsatira zomaliza zowerengedwa.

Pambuyo pake, monga momwe ziliri m'zitsanzo zomwe zili pamwambapa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha autocomplete kutambasula chilinganizocho kumaselo onse omwe ali pamndandandawo.

Pangani tchati chaperesenti mu Excel

Nthawi zina, mungafune kupanga tchati chamaperesenti. Izi zikhoza kuchitika m'njira zingapo. Yoyamba ndiyo kupanga ndime yomwe idzalembe maperesenti oti agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gwero la data. Kwa ife, ichi ndi chiwerengero cha malonda onse.

Komanso, kutsatizana kwa zochita ndi motere:

1. Sankhani tebulo lomwe lili ndi zambiri. Kwa ife, uwu ndi mndandanda wa magawo.
2. Pitani ku tabu "Insert" - "Diagram". Tipanga tchati cha chitumbuwa, ndiye mtundu womwe timasankha.
   

   

3. Kenako, mudzafunsidwa kusankha mawonekedwe a chithunzi chamtsogolo. Tikasankha izo, izo basi zimaonekera.
   

   

Ndiye mutha kuyikonza kudzera pa tabu yapadera "Kugwira ntchito ndi zithunzi" - "Wopanga". Kumeneko mukhoza kusankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zokonda:

1. Kusintha mtundu wa tchati. Mukadina batani lolingana, mudzatha kukhazikitsa mtundu wa tchati.
   

   

2. Sinthanitsani mizere ndi mizati. 
3. Sinthani deta yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa tchati. Chinthu chothandiza kwambiri ngati chiwerengero cha chiwerengero chiyenera kusinthidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kukopera zambiri zamalonda za mwezi watha, m'malo mwake ndi gawo lina ndi magawo atsopano, kenaka musinthe deta ya tchati kukhala yamakono.
4. Sinthani kapangidwe ka tchati. 
5. Sinthani ma templates ndi masanjidwe. 

Njira yomaliza ndiyofunika kwambiri kwa ife, chifukwa ndi kudzera mu izo mungathe kukhazikitsa mtundu wa chiwerengero. Pamndandanda wamasanjidwe omwe adaperekedwa ndi Excel, timapeza njira yomwe maperesenti amajambula m'magawo.

Mukhozanso kuwonetsa deta mumtundu wamtundu mwa njira ina. Kuti muchite izi, dinani tchati cha chitumbuwa chomwe chilipo, pitani ku tabu ya "Mapangidwe" ndikupeza njira ya "Data Labels" pamenepo.

Mndandanda wa ntchito udzatsegulidwa momwe muyenera kusankha malo a siginecha.

Tikachita izi, chiwerengero cha chithunzi chidzawonekera pa tchati.

Mukadina kumanja pa imodzi mwazo, ndiye kudzera pa menyu ya "Data Label Format", mutha kusinthira zilembozo. Kwa ife, tikufuna kuphatikizira magawo mu siginecha, chifukwa chinthuchi chiyenera kusankhidwa kuti chitsimikizire kuchuluka kwake.

Ndipo kuchuluka kwa mawonekedwewo kumayikidwa mu "Nambala" menyu, yomwe imatha kutsegulidwa kudzera pagawo lomwe lili kumanzere kwa bokosi la zokambirana.

Monga mukuonera, kugwira ntchito ndi magawo mu Excel sikufuna luso lapadera. Mukungoyenera kuphunzira zidule zingapo kuti mugwire ntchito zovuta mosavuta komanso mwanzeru. Zachidziwikire, izi sizinthu zonse zomwe zimapezeka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito a Excel, chifukwa maperesenti amathanso kuwongoleredwa ndi njira zina, mwachitsanzo, kudzera pa macro. Koma uwu uli kale mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri, wofuna kudziwa mitu yovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndizomveka kusiya ntchitoyo ndi maperesenti kudzera pa macros pambuyo pake. 

Maperesenti ndi abwino kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo, iliyonse yomwe ingasinthidwe malinga ndi zosowa za wogwiritsa ntchito.