Hypomania ndi vuto la kukhumudwa lomwe limadziwika ndi nthawi ya kukwiya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kusinthasintha kwamalingaliro. Sichidziwika kuti ndi chotere ndipo chimawonedwabe ngati mphindi yabwino kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri kumakhala kuyambika kwa kupsinjika maganizo pambuyo pa nthawi ya hypomania yomwe imayambitsa matenda. Kuphatikiza mankhwala osokoneza bongo, psychotherapy ndi moyo wathanzi kumathandiza kukhazikika maganizo a wodwalayo.

Tanthauzo la hypomania

Hypomania ndi matenda osokonezeka maganizo omwe amadziwika ndi nthawi za kukwiya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kusinthasintha maganizo, komwe kumayenderana ndi kusokonezeka kwa tulo. Kutalika kwa zizindikirozi sikupitirira masiku anayi.

Gawoli nthawi zambiri limatsatiridwa ndi lina, lotopetsa. Kenako timalankhula za bipolarity, kutanthauza kuti manic depression, kusintha kwa manias ndi kupsinjika maganizo.

Hypomania nthawi zambiri imakhala yosatha. Ndi mtundu wopepuka wa mania. Mania ndi matenda omwe amatha kwa sabata limodzi ndipo akuwonetsa kusintha kwakukulu pakugwira ntchito komwe kungayambitse kugonekedwa m'chipatala kapena kuwoneka kwa zizindikiro za psychotic - kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, chinyengo, paranoia.

Hypomania imathanso kupezeka ngati gawo la vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi kapena osachita chidwi kwambiri - omwe amadziwika ndi dzina loti ADHD -, kapena matenda a schizoaffective, ngati aphatikizidwa ndi magawo. zachinyengo.

Mitundu ya hypomanies

Pali mtundu umodzi wokha wa hypomania.

Zifukwa za hypomania

Chimodzi mwa zifukwa za hypomania ndi majini. Kafukufuku waposachedwapa amasonyeza kukhudzidwa kwa majini angapo - makamaka pa ma chromosome 9, 10, 14, 13 ndi 22 - kumayambiriro kwa matendawa. Kuphatikizika kwa majini kumeneku, komwe kumanenedwa kukhala kosatetezeka, kumapangitsa kuti zizindikirozo, motero, machiritso, akhale osiyana kwa munthu aliyense.

Lingaliro lina limapereka vuto pakukonza malingaliro. Kudetsa nkhawa kumeneku kungabwere chifukwa chosokonekera kwa ma neuron ena, omwe angapangitse kuti hippocampus isagwire ntchito - gawo laubongo lofunikira kukumbukira ndi kuphunzira. Izi zitha kuyambitsa kusokonezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito a neurotransmitters omwe amatenga gawo lalikulu pakukonza malingaliro. Chiphunzitsochi chimathandizidwa ndi mphamvu yachibale ya mankhwala a psychotropic - kuphatikizapo zolimbitsa thupi - zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito ma neurotransmitters awa.

Kuzindikira kwa hypomania

Chifukwa cha kutsika kwawo komanso kufupika kwawo, magawo a hypomania nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kuzindikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magawowa asadziwike. Otsatirawo amakhulupirira kuti munthuyo ali mu nthawi yabwino kwambiri, ali bwino. Nthawi zambiri ndikuyamba kwa matenda ovutika maganizo pambuyo pa gawo ili la hypomanic lomwe limatsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi otani.

Kuzindikira mochedwa nthawi zambiri kumachitika kumapeto kwa unyamata kapena uchikulire, posachedwa pafupifupi zaka 20-25.

Zida zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kutsata lingaliro la kukhalapo kwa hypomania:

• Mafunso a Le Mood Disorder -Original version in English- lofalitsidwa mu 2000 muJournal Journal ya Psychiatry, atha kuzindikira anthu asanu ndi awiri mwa khumi omwe ali ndi vuto la bipolar - omwe ali ndi kusintha (hypo) mania ndi kuvutika maganizo - ndikusefa anthu asanu ndi anayi mwa khumi omwe alibe. Chingerezi choyambirira: http://www.sadag.org/images/pdf/mdq.pdf. Baibulo lomasuliridwa m'Chifalansa: http://www.cercle-d-excellence-psy.org/fileadmin/Restreint/MDQ%20et%20Cotation.pdf;
• La Mndandanda wa d'hypomanie, kulunjika kwambiri hypomania yokha, yopangidwa mu 1998 ndi Jules Angst, pulofesa wa psychiatry: http://fmc31200.free.fr/bibliotheque/hypomanie_angst.pdf.

Samalani, ndi katswiri wa zachipatala yekha amene angakhazikitse matenda odalirika pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizozi.

Anthu okhudzidwa ndi hypomania

Kuchuluka kwa moyo wa hypomania mwa anthu ambiri ndi 2-3%.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypomania

Mabanja osiyanasiyana azinthu amalimbikitsa hypomania.

Zinthu zokhudzana ndi zovuta kapena zosaiwalika pamoyo monga:

• Kupanikizika kosalekeza - makamaka pa nthawi ya khanda;
• Ngongole yaikulu ya kugona;
• Imfa ya wokondedwa;
• Kutaya kapena kusintha ntchito;
• Kupita.

Zinthu zokhudzana ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zinthu zinazake:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito cannabis panthawi yaunyamata kapena unyamata;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito anabolic androgenic steroids (ASA) - othandizira amphamvu a doping kwa othamanga);
• Kutenga tricyclic antidepressants monga desipramine, yomwe imadziwika kuti imayambitsa kuthamanga kwachangu kapena manic kapena hypomanic episodes.

Pomaliza, zinthu zachibadwa siziyenera kuthetsedwa. Ndipo chiopsezo chokhala ndi hypomania chimachulukitsidwa ndi zisanu ngati mmodzi wa achibale athu oyambirira ali nawo kale.

Kusasamala

Hypomania imatsogolera ku chikhalidwe cha anthu, akatswiri, sukulu kapena kugonana kapena chipwirikiti - chisokonezo, pathological and maladaptive psychomotor hyperactivity.

Kusasamala

Hypomania imayambitsa kusowa kwa chidwi komanso chidwi. Anthu omwe ali ndi hypomania amasokonekera mosavuta komanso / kapena kukopeka ndi zinthu zopanda pake kapena zosafunikira zakunja.

Kuyendetsa pangozi yowonjezereka

The hypomaniac imayamba kuchita nawo zinthu zomwe zimakhala zosangalatsa, koma zomwe zingakhale ndi zotsatira zowononga - mwachitsanzo, munthuyo akuyamba mosadziletsa muzogula mosasamala, khalidwe logonana mosasamala kapena kugulitsa malonda osayenera.

Matenda okhumudwa

Nthawi zambiri ndi kuyamba kwa matenda ovutika maganizo pambuyo pa gawo la hyperactivity yomwe imatsimikizira kuti munthuyo ali ndi matenda.

Zizindikiro zina

• Kuchulukitsa kudzidalira kapena malingaliro aukulu;
• Kukulitsa;
• Euphoria;
• Kuchepetsa nthawi yogona popanda kutopa;
• Kufunitsitsa kuyankhula mosalekeza, kulumikizana kwakukulu;
• Kuthawa kwa malingaliro: wodwala amadutsa mwachangu kuchokera ku tambala kupita ku bulu;
• Kukwiya;
• Kudzikuza kapena mwano.

The mankhwala hypomania zambiri Chili mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala.

Komanso, pamutu wa gawo la hypomania pomwe palibe kusintha kodziwika mu ntchito zamaluso, zochitika zamagulu, kapena maubwenzi apakati, kugonekedwa m'chipatala sikofunikira.

Pharmacological mankhwala akhoza zotchulidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, kwa zaka ziwiri kapena zisanu, kapena moyo. Mankhwalawa angaphatikizepo:

• A mood stabilizer -kapena thymoregulator-, yomwe sichiri cholimbikitsa kapena chotsitsimutsa, ndipo zomwe zazikulu za 3 ndi lithiamu, valproate ndi carbamazepine;
• An atypical antipsychotic (APA): olanzapine, risperidone, aripiprazole ndi quetiapine.

Kafukufuku waposachedwa akutsimikizira kuti m'zaka zapakati - pazaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri - kuphatikiza kokhazikika kwamalingaliro ndi APA ndi njira yochizira yomwe imapereka zotsatira zabwino kuposa monotherapy.

Samalani, komabe, panthawi yoyamba ya hypomania, chidziwitso chamakono chimatipempha kuti tizikonda monotherapy, kuti tithane ndi kusalolera kosauka kwa ma molekyulu osakanikirana.

Psychotherapies ndizofunikiranso pochiza hypomanias. Tiyeni titchule:

• Psychoeducation imathandizira kupanga njira zothana ndi vuto kapena kupewa magawo a manic powongolera kugona, zakudya komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi;
• Njira zochiritsira zamakhalidwe komanso mwachidziwitso.

Pomaliza, madyedwe abwino, kuphatikiza zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, komanso kuwongolera kunenepa kumathandizanso kutsika kwa hypomania.

Kupewa hypomania kapena kubwereranso kwake kumafuna:

• Khalani ndi moyo wathanzi;
• Pewani antidepressants - pokhapokha ngati mankhwala am'mbuyomu anali othandiza ndipo sanapangitse kusintha kosakanikirana kwa hypomanic, kapena ngati maganizo adakhumudwa poyimitsa antidepressant;
• Pewani infusions wa St. John's Wort, zachilengedwe antidepressant;
• Osasiya chithandizo - theka la kubwereranso kumachitika chifukwa chosiya kulandira chithandizo pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.