Mgwirizano waukwati
Timamvetsetsa chifukwa chake mgwirizano usanakwatire ukufunika, zabwino ndi zoyipa zake ndi zotani, komanso momwe tingazijambulire bwino osagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zowonjezera.

Muli ndi zipinda zitatu ndi galimoto, ndipo kodi ndinu wofunika kwambiri mwa anthu omwe amatchedwa "mutu ngati falcon"? Kapena, mwinamwake, m'malo mwake, mwangofika kumene mumzinda waukulu ndipo tsopano mukulowa m'banja la eni mafakitale ndi sitima zapamadzi? Limodzi mwa mafunso ovuta kwambiri polowa m’banja ndi limene tsopano limaonedwa kuti ndi lanu, ndiponso zimene zimachitika ndi munthu amene mumam’konda. Mgwirizano usanakwatire udzathandiza kupewa nthawi zochititsa manyazi komanso kuteteza katundu wolandilidwa moona mtima. 

Chofunika chaukwati

“Pangano laukwati kapena pangano, monga momwe amatchulidwira mofala, ndi mgwirizano wopangidwa pakati pa okwatirana kuti aziwongolera nkhani za katundu,” akutero. woyimira mlandu Ivan Volkov. - Mwachidule, ichi ndi chikalata chofotokoza momveka bwino zomwe mwamuna ndi mkazi adzakhala nazo panthawi yaukwati, ndi katundu wotani ngati banja latha. Mgwirizano waukwati umayendetsedwa ndi Mutu No. 8 wa Family Code of the Federation. Zomwe zili zimasiyana malinga ndi zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri kwa banja linalake. Ngati mukufuna kumaliza mgwirizano waukwati, tanthauzo lake ndi losavuta: kuwoneratu zoopsa zonse za katundu momwe mungathere, kuchepetsa chifukwa cha mikangano ndikuonetsetsa chitetezo kwa onse awiri. 

Zoyenera za mgwirizano waukwati

Choyamba ndipo, mwinamwake, chikhalidwe chachikulu: mgwirizano waukwati uyenera kumalizidwa ndi mgwirizano. 

"Ngati mwamuna akufuna kusaina chikalatacho, ndipo mkazi akukana kwambiri, ndiye kuti sikugwira ntchito kuti akwaniritse mgwirizano," akufotokoza motero Volkov. - Mmodzi mwa awiriwa nthawi zambiri amabwera kwa ife, maloya, ndikufunsa kuti: momwe tingakakamizire theka lina ku mgwirizano waukwati? Kawirikawiri ndi amene ali ndi katundu wambiri. M'malingaliro, kutha kwa mapangano otere sikunavomerezedwe, kutukwana kumayamba, amati, simundikhulupirira?! Choncho, tiyenera kufotokozera anthu kuti ngati zonse zachitika molondola, iwo adzakhala mu wakuda. 

Mkhalidwe wachiwiri: mgwirizano uyenera kutsirizidwa polemba, pamaso pa notary. 

 "M'mbuyomu, okwatirana amatha kungomaliza mgwirizano wogawana katundu pakati pawo, koma adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika izi," amagawana Volkov. - Mwachitsanzo, mwamuna akhoza kubwereka miliyoni, ndiye mwamsanga, pafupifupi kukhitchini, kutsimikizira mgwirizano ndi mkazi wake, ndipo pamene abwera chifukwa cha ngongole, amadandaula: Ndilibe kanthu, chirichonse chiri pa mkazi wanga wokondedwa. Kwa notary, deti silingayikidwe, kupatulapo, amafotokoza zonse mwatsatanetsatane kotero kuti pambuyo pake palibe amene adzakhale ndi mwayi woti: "O, sindimamvetsetsa zomwe ndimasaina."

Chikhalidwe chachitatu: nkhani za katundu zokha ziyenera kulembedwa mu mgwirizano. Okwatirana akhoza kukhazikitsa njira zitatu za umwini: 

a) Olowa mode. Zimamveka kuti katundu yense amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana, ndipo m'chisudzulo amagawidwa mofanana. 

b) Njira yogawana. Pano, aliyense wa okwatirana ali ndi gawo lake la katundu, mwachitsanzo, nyumba, ndipo akhoza kutaya momwe akufunira (kugulitsa, kupereka, ndi zina zotero). Magawo amatha kukhala chilichonse - nthawi zambiri amagawidwa "mwachilungamo", mwachitsanzo, ngati mwamuna adapeza ndalama zambiri, ndiye kuti ¾ ya nyumbayo ndi yake. 

c) Osiyana mode. Posankha njira iyi, okwatirana nthawi zambiri amavomereza motere: muli ndi nyumba, ndili ndi galimoto. Ndiko kuti, aliyense ali ndi zomwe ali nazo. Mutha kulembetsa umwini wa chilichonse - mpaka mafoloko ndi masipuni. Mukhozanso kugawana maudindo, mwachitsanzo, kuti aliyense azilipira yekha ngongole zake. 

Tcherani khutu! Katundu yense amene sanalembedwe mumgwirizano amangotengedwa kuti anapezedwa pamodzi. Pofuna kupewa zinthu zosasangalatsa, woweruza milandu adapereka mwayi wokonzanso mgwirizano waukwati, zinthu zikhoza kusintha pa moyo wa banja. 

Mfundo ina yofunika: mitundu iyi ikhoza kuphatikizidwa. Maudindo azachuma akhoza kulembedwa m'chikalatacho (mwachitsanzo, mkazi amalipira zofunikira, ndipo mwamuna amawonjezera mafuta pamagalimoto ndi mafuta). Koma n'zosatheka kutchula mu mgwirizano dongosolo la maubwenzi ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu zalamulo kapena mphamvu zalamulo za okwatirana. 

Loyayo anati: “Nthawi zina anthu amafunsa ngati n’zotheka kuphatikizira inshuwalansi ya chiwembu m’pangano lawo. – Mwachitsanzo, ngati mkazi kunyenga, amachoka ndi zimene anabwera. Izi ndizomwe zimadziwika ku Europe, koma sizikugwira ntchito ku Dziko Lathu. Lamulo lathu sililola kuwongolera ufulu waumwini ndi maudindo, izi ndizoletsa kale ufulu wa wina. Ndiko kuti, mwamuna sangalande mkazi wake chuma ngati sapita kuchipinda chake Lachiwiri ndi Lachinayi. Nthawi zina amapempha kuti apereke izi, koma, mwamwayi, kapena mwatsoka, izi sizingatheke.

Kumaliza kwa mgwirizano waukwati

Pali njira zitatu zosaina mgwirizano. 

  1. Pezani mgwirizano waukwati womwe wapangidwa kale pa intaneti, onjezerani momwe mukufunira ndikupita kwa notary. 
  2. Lumikizanani ndi loya yemwe angakuthandizeni molondola kulemba chikalata, ndipo zikatero pitani ku ofesi ya notary. 
  3. Pitani mwachindunji kwa notary ndikupempha thandizo kumeneko. 

"Kutengera zomwe ndakumana nazo, ndikukulangizani kuti muyime panjira yachiwiri," akugawana Volkov. - Mgwirizano wodzipangira yekha, mwinamwake, uyenera kukonzedwanso, ndipo notaries adzatenga ndalama zambiri zolembera kuposa oweruza. Choncho, njira yabwino ndiyo kulemba mgwirizano ndi loya wodziwa bwino, ndi chiphaso chake ndi notary wodalirika. 

Kuti mupange mgwirizano waukwati, muyenera kutenga mapasipoti a okwatirana onse, kalata yaukwati ndi zikalata za chilichonse chomwe mukufuna kulembetsa nokha. Komanso, zilibe kanthu kuti ndi chiyani: nyumba kapena chithunzi chomwe agogo anu amakonda. Ngati mwatsimikizadi kuti mukufunikira mgwirizano waukwati, mapeto adzatenga nthawi, koma mudzakhala chete. 

Ziyamba kugwira ntchito liti 

N’zotheka kupanga pangano laukwati loyendetsa katundu wa munthu ukwati usanachitike komanso pambuyo pake. Izi zimakuthandizani kupeŵa zinthu zoipa pamene, mwachitsanzo, mkwati wolemera akufunsa kuti athetse mgwirizano waukwati, mkwatibwi amavomereza, ndipo atalandira sitampu yomwe ikuyembekezeredwa kwa nthawi yaitali mu pasipoti yake, akuti "Ndasintha maganizo anga!". 

Komabe, mgwirizanowo umayamba kugwira ntchito pokhapokha atalembetsa ukwati wawo mwalamulo. Panjira, ikhoza kusinthidwa kapena kuthetsedwa, koma ndi chilolezo cha onse awiri. Pambuyo pa chisudzulo, chimataya mphamvu zake (kupatulapo pamene okwatiranawo apanga zina). 

“Nthaŵi zina mwamuna ndi mkazi angavomereze pasadakhale kuti pambuyo pa chisudzulo, ngati mmodzi wa iwo aloŵa m’mavuto ndi kulephera kugwira ntchito, wachiwiriyo adzam’lipira ndalama zinazake,” loyayo akusimba chokumana nacho chake. "Ndi mtundu wachitetezo, ndipo uli ndi malo oti ukhale. 

Ubwino ndi zoyipa

Maloya ali otsimikiza kuti pali ma pluses ambiri mumgwirizano waukwati kuposa minuses. 

"Choyipa chachikulu ndikuti kupereka komaliza mgwirizano kumatha kukhumudwitsa kwambiri," Volkov akutsimikiza. - Zowonadi, sizosangalatsa kwa mkwatibwi wachinyamata yemwe ali m'chikondi kumva zomwe mkwati akupereka. Inde, ndipo kuchokera kwa mkazi wokondedwa pamaso pa ukwati, ndikufuna kumva chinachake. Koma, ngati mukwanitsa kufotokozera munthu wachiwiri kuti iyi ndi inshuwalansi yake, nthawi zambiri amavomereza. 

Choyipa chachiwiri ndikulipira ntchito za boma ndi ntchito za notary. Kumayambiriro kwa ubale ndi mu chisanadze ukwati maganizo, simukufuna kuganiza za chisudzulo zotheka, kotero ndalama zikuoneka opusa. Koma m'tsogolomu, m'malo mwake, izi zidzathandiza kusunga ndalama zalamulo ndi malipiro a maloya. Inde, pokhapokha ngati banja latha. 

Kuchotsera kwachitatu ndikuti mwamuna kapena mkazi wopondereza amatha kungokakamiza theka lina kuti asaine mgwirizano momwe angafunire. Komabe, munthu wachiwiri akadali ndi mwayi wofunsa mafunso onse kwa notary ndipo panthawi yomaliza kukana kupereka kwaumphawi. 

Apo ayi, mgwirizano wa prenuptial uli ndi mbali zabwino zokha: zimalola anthu kuti adziteteze ku mikangano ndi ziwonetsero, kupulumutsa mitsempha ndi ndalama pamakhoti, komanso kumvetsetsa pasadakhale zomwe zingatayike chifukwa cha mikangano yokhazikika kapena kusakhulupirika. 

Chitsanzo cha mgwirizano waukwati 

Anthu ambiri, posankha kulemba chikalata choterocho, samamvetsabe momwe katundu angagawidwe. Ngati palibe kumvetsetsa kuti mgwirizano usanakwatire ndi chiyani, chitsanzo chingathandize kumvetsetsa izi. 

"Mgwirizano waukwati uliwonse ndi wa munthu payekha," akutero Volkov. - Nthawi zambiri amamalizidwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi zomwe ataya. Koma zimachitikanso kuti okwatirana amangofuna kuchita zonse bwino ndipo osaganiziranso za izo. Mwachitsanzo, mnyamata wina amadzikhalira yekha, akumamanga bizinesi pang’onopang’ono pamalo otsuka magalimoto. Amayikamo ndalama, amapota. Ndiyeno amagwa m’chikondi, anakwatiwa ndikuyamba kupanga phindu kale m’banja. Banja silinakhale ndi katundu, koma m'tsogolomu okwatirana kumene akukonzekera kugula galimoto ndi nyumba. Kenako amavomerezana ndipo, ngati onse ali okwanira, asankha njira yowona mtima, yabwino kwa aliyense: mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pa chisudzulo, siyani nyumbayo kwa mwamuna wake, yemwe adayika ndalama zambiri momwemo, ndipo galimotoyo ikatha. mkazi, chifukwa anathandiza kusunga ndi kuteteza banja bajeti.

Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka

Tinafunsa wapampando wa Vlasov & Partners Bar Association Olga Vlasova kuyankha mafunso osiyanasiyana omwe amabuka pakati pa nzika zokhudzana ndi kutha kwa mgwirizano waukwati.

-Maganizo pa upangiri wothetsa pangano laukwati amasiyana. Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa, pakhala pali mafunso ochulukirapo kuchokera kwa makasitomala okhudzana ndi mutuwu. Ndikoyenera kuwunikira zinthu zingapo zomwe zingapereke kumvetsetsa kwakukulu kwa chikalatachi, chomwe chidakali chachindunji kwa s, katswiriyo akuti.

Ndani ayenera kukwatira?

- Zopempha za kutha kwa mgwirizano waukwati, monga lamulo, zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ma nuances a katundu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati m'modzi mwa ogwirizana nawo ali ndi chuma chochititsa chidwi, ali ndi malo kapena ndalama zomwe apeza, ndiye kuti mgwirizano ndi wopambana.

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti ngati okwatirana sapanga mgwirizano ukwati usanachitike kapena panthawi yaukwati, ndiye kuti katunduyo amaonedwa kuti ndi katundu wogwirizana - mwa kusakhulupirika ndi yawo mofanana ndipo ziribe kanthu kuti apezedwa m'dzina la ndani. Kukhalapo kwa mgwirizano kumakupatsani mwayi wothetsa mwachangu komanso moyenera mikangano ya katundu aliyense pakachitika chisudzulo.

Kodi n'zotheka kupanga mgwirizano waukwati popanda kuthandizidwa ndi maloya?

- Pali njira zitatu zolembera zolemba za mgwirizano: polumikizana ndi notary (adzapereka fomu yokhazikitsidwa), pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito za loya wamilandu yabanja, kapena kupanga mgwirizano pawekha potengera mgwirizano wanthawi zonse. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kutsimikizira chikalatacho ndi notary.

Kodi ndizotheka kusalembetsa pangano laukwati ndi notary?

"Popanda chiphaso, mgwirizanowu ndi wopanda pake. Mgwirizano waukwati ndi chikalata chovomerezeka chomwe chimafuna notarization.

Kodi ndikufunika pangano laukwati kuti ndibwereke nyumba?

- Mgwirizanowu umapereka ufulu wonse ndi udindo wa maphwando okhudzana ndi katundu ndi ngongole. Ponena za ngongole zanyumba, mgwirizanowu ukhoza kutchedwa chida chothandiza. Iloleza kuteteza mamembala onse am'banja ngati mutagula nyumba ndi ngongole.

Ndi chiyani chomwe sichiyenera kuphatikizidwa mu mgwirizano waukwati?

- N'zosatheka kutchula maubwenzi amtsogolo ndi ana kapena achibale, kukhazikitsa mikhalidwe yokhudzana ndi khalidwe, kukhazikitsa mlingo wa alimony ndi kulenga zinthu zomwe mwamuna kapena mkazi wake ali ndi mwayi wochotsa mnzako wa katundu yense.

Funso lodziwika bwino ndiloti ndizotheka kuyika mu mgwirizano udindo wa mwamuna kapena mkazi chifukwa cha kusakhulupirika kapena khalidwe losayenera? Yankho n’lakuti ayi, panganolo limakonzedwa kuti liziyang’anira ubale wa katundu.

Kodi zimawononga ndalama zingati kupanga pangano laukwati ndi notary ndi maloya?

- Kutsimikiziridwa ndi notary kumaphatikizapo ntchito ya boma ya ma ruble 500. Kupanga mgwirizano ku Moscow kumawononga pafupifupi ma ruble 10 zikwi - mtengo umadalira zovuta za mgwirizano ndi changu. Chikalatacho chimaperekedwa mwa kusankhidwa mkati mwa ola limodzi.

Ngati mukufuna kupanga pangano nokha, liyenera kukhala lodziwika bwino mwalamulo. Ngati mgwirizanowu sunapangidwe molondola, ndiye kuti pambuyo pake ukhoza kunenedwa kuti ndi wosavomerezeka. Ndi bwino kukhulupirira yankho la zolemba zolemba kwa akatswiri - loya adzakonza mgwirizano wathunthu, poganizira zofuna za onse awiri ndi malamulo omwe alipo. Mtengo wa utumiki kuchokera ku ruble 10 - mtengo womaliza umadalira zovuta.

Kodi pangano losakwatirana lingatsutsidwe m’chisudzulo?

- Malinga ndi lamulo, ndizotheka kutsutsa mgwirizano pambuyo pa kutha kwaukwati, koma ndikofunika kuganizira lamulo la malire (ndi zaka zitatu)

Chopunthwitsa china ndi katundu amene simunakwatirane naye. Lamulo limalola kuti liphatikizidwe mumgwirizano waukwati, koma chisankho choterocho ndi choyenera kuganizira kawiri. Monga lamulo, khotilo limakana kukwaniritsa zofunikira ngati mgwirizano ukutsutsidwa pazifukwa izi.

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa: mfundo ya "ufulu" imagwira ntchito pa mgwirizano. Pachifukwa ichi, mpikisano uliwonse pakagwa chisudzulo umakhala njira yovuta. Mukhoza kukasuma kukhoti pa nthawi imene muli pabanja, pa nthawi ya chisudzulo, ngakhalenso ikatha.

Siyani Mumakonda