Zamkatimu
Ngati simunagwirepo Pokémon, ndizotheka chifukwa ndinu Pokémon. Ayi, mwina izi ndizosiyana kwambiri. Pokemon sapezeka. Koma ndizosatheka kukana chiyeso chofuna kudziwa chifukwa chake chizolowezi ichi chalanda dziko lonse lapansi komanso zotsatira zake. Ife a Psychologies tinaganiza zokhutiritsa chidwi chathu potembenukira kwa akatswiri athu.
Adam Barkworth waku Stockport, UK ali ndi autism. Tsopano ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, ndipo kwa zaka zisanu zapitazi sanachoke panyumba ndipo nthawi zambiri sakhala nawo patebulo wamba. Phokoso losayembekezeka, kusuntha kwadzidzidzi, komanso zonse zomwe zimaphwanya dongosolo losasinthika lomwe adakhazikitsa m'chipinda chake, zidayambitsa nkhawa komanso mantha mwa iye.
Koma kumayambiriro kwa August, Adamu adatenga foni yamakono ndikupita ku paki yapafupi kuti akagwire Pokemon. Ndipo panjira, adasinthanitsanso mawu ochepa (pafupifupi kwa nthawi yoyamba m'moyo wake!) Ndi mlendo - mtsikana yemwenso anapita "kusaka". Mayi ake a Adam, a Jen, akudandaula kuti: “Masewerawa anandibwezera mwana wanga. Anaukitsa Adamu kukhalanso ndi moyo.”
Nkhani ya Adamu yowonetsedwa pa BBC TV, idakondweretsa dziko lonse lapansi, ndipo, mwachiwonekere, idakhala malonda owonjezera amasewera a Pokemon Go. Zomwe, komabe, sizifunikira kutsatsa kulikonse: anthu opitilira 100 miliyoni amasewera kale. Pali, ndithudi, nkhani zambiri zokhala ndi chizindikiro chosiyana. Mnyamata wina, yemwe anachita chidwi ndi kufunafuna Pokemon, adagundidwa ndi galimoto, mtsikana, yemwe masewerawa adamubweretsa kumtsinje wopanda anthu, adakhumudwa ndi munthu womira ... Koma choyamba ndikufuna ndimvetsetse kuti ndi masewera otani, omwe amakubwezerani kumoyo ndikukankhira kumphepete mwa imfa.
Palibe chatsopano?
Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, palibe chatsopano mu Pokemon Go. Inde, mosiyana ndi masewera ena apakompyuta, samalimbikitsa dzanzi kutsogolo kwa polojekiti, koma kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi: kuti mugwire Pokemon, muyenera kuthamanga m'misewu, ndi "kuwaswa" mazira (ndipo zotheka) - kugonjetsa makilomita angapo. Koma palibe kutsegula apa. "Nintendo, "kholo" la Pokemon, adatulutsa kontrakitala ya Wii zaka 10 zapitazo, yomwe idapangidwira masewera olimbitsa thupi: mayendedwe a osewera m'malo enieni amalumikizidwa ndi zochitika zenizeni pazenera," akutero Yerbol Ismailov, katswiri wazamisala yemwe amaphunzira kutchuka kwa Pokemon Go.
Ndizovuta kukhala kutali ngati aliyense amene mumamudziwa, ingoyatsa kompyuta kapena foni yanu, kuthamangira kudzitamandira chifukwa cha kupambana kwawo pogwira Pokemon.
Mwachitsanzo, kusewera tennis pa Wii, muyenera kusinthira chisangalalo ngati chowombera ndikutsatira mayendedwe a mdani ndi mpira pazenera. "Zowona zenizeni", zomwe pokhudzana ndi masewera a Pokemon Go zikutanthauza kuyika Pokemon pafupifupi pakati pa zinthu zenizeni zenizeni, komanso sizinawonekere dzulo. Kubwerera mu 2012, Niantic (wotsogolera luso la Pokemon Go) adatulutsa masewerawa Ingress. "Inagwiritsa ntchito kale kuphatikiza kwa zithunzi ziwiri - zinthu zenizeni ndi deta kuchokera ku kamera ya foni - kupanga malo a masewera," akutero katswiri wa zamaganizo Natalia Bogacheva, katswiri wa masewera apakompyuta. "Pankhani yoyendayenda mumzinda, makina amasewera amasewera awiriwa ali pafupifupi ofanana."
Ndipo zomwe zili mumasewerawa sizatsopano konse. Masewera apakompyuta ndi zojambula zomwe zili ndi «zilombo za m'thumba» (monga mawu akuti pokemon akuyimira - kuchokera ku chilombo cha mthumba cha Chingerezi) amasulidwa kuyambira 1996. Koma mwina ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinsinsi za kupambana. “Anthu omwe amawaganizira kwambiri pamasewerawa ndi achinyamata osakwanitsa zaka 30. Ndiko kuti, okhawo amene anakumana ndi funde loyamba la Pokemon craze zaka khumi ndi zisanu zapitazo, - Yerbol Ismailov zolemba, - ndipo amadziwa bwino mbiri ndi chilengedwe cha Pokemon. Kwenikweni, masewerawa amakopa chidwi chawo paubwana wawo. "
Tisayiwale malo ochezera a pa Intanetizomwe masiku ano zimakhala ngati malo achilengedwe kwa ife monga dziko lenileni. Choyamba, ndizovuta kukhala kutali pamene abwenzi anu onse, wina ali kokha kuyatsa kompyuta kapena foni, akukangana kudzitama ndi kupambana kwawo kugwira Pokemon. Ndipo chachiwiri, kupambana kwathu pamasewera nthawi yomweyo kumawonjezera ulamuliro wathu pamasamba ochezera. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwombera kojambulidwa ndi foni yam'manja yamakatuni a Pokemon m'malo enieni amawoneka oseketsa kwambiri ndikusonkhanitsa "zokonda" zambiri. Zowopsa, mwa njira, zolimbikitsa.
Mulingo woyenera kwambiri
Kufotokozera kwina kwa kutchuka kwamasewerawa, malinga ndi Natalia Bogacheva, ndikosavuta komanso kosavuta: “Masewerawa kwenikweni safunikira kuphunzira. Chinthu chokhacho chomwe chingawoneke chovuta poyamba ndi «kuponya» mipira ya msampha («Pokeballs»). Koma kumbali ina, m'magawo otsatirawa muyenera kudziwa zambiri zanzeru ndi zidule.
Kulinganiza kumatheka pakati pa luso lokulitsa ndi ntchito zomwe ziyenera kuthetsedwa. Chifukwa cha ichi, wosewera mpira kumizidwa mu mkhalidwe «otaya» - wathunthu mayamwidwe, pamene ife kutaya tanthauzo la nthawi, kupasuka mu zimene tikuchita, pamene akukumana kumverera kwa chisangalalo ndi kukhutira.
Lingaliro la "flow" monga chidziwitso choyenera chamaganizo chinayambitsidwa ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi1, ndipo ofufuza ambiri awona kuti chikhumbo chokumana ndi boma ili mobwerezabwereza ndi chimodzi mwazolimbikitsa kwambiri kwa mafani a masewera apakompyuta. Yerbol Ismailov akuvomerezana ndi izi: “Pogwira Pokemon, wosewerayo amasangalala kwambiri, pafupifupi chisangalalo. Chisangalalo ichi chimakulitsidwa ndi zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zimafunikira pamasewerawa: katunduyo amathandizira kupanga ma endorphins - timadzi ta chisangalalo.
Yankho limodzi pazopempha zitatu
Chifukwa chake, pali zifukwa zambiri zokopa chidwi ndi Pokemon. Ndizo pafupifupi onse amagwira ntchito pamasewera aliwonse akafika akuluakulu. Katswiri wa zamaganizo Yevgeny Osin anati: “Tsopano timathera nthawi yochuluka kwambiri tikuchita masewera poyerekeza ndi zaka zina zakale. - Kodi kufotokoza izo? Ngati timakumbukira Maslow a «piramidi ya zosowa», ndiye zachokera kwachilengedwenso zosowa: njala, ludzu ... M'mbuyomu, anthu ankathera nthawi yawo yambiri ndi mphamvu kukhutitsa iwo. Tsopano zosoŵa zimenezi m’maiko otukuka n’zosavuta kuzikwaniritsa, ndipo zosoŵa zamaganizo zikukhala zofunika kwambiri. Masewerawa atha kuyankha pempho lamalingaliro. "
Chimodzi mwa ziphunzitso zolimbikitsa chimazindikiritsa zosowa zazikulu zitatu zamaganizidwe, Evgeny Osin akupitiriza. “M’nkhani yodzilamulira, chosowa choyamba ndicho kudzilamulira, kupanga chosankha. Chosowa chachiwiri ndi luso, kukhala wopambana mu chinachake, kukwaniritsa chinachake. Ndipo chachitatu ndichofunika kulumikizana ndi anthu, polumikizana ndi anthu ena.
Zingatenge zaka zambiri kuti munthu akhale wokhoza, kukhala wopambana kuposa ena. Masewerawa ali ndi masabata okwanira, kapena masiku
Sikuti aliyense angathe kukwaniritsa zosowazi. Mwachitsanzo, sikuti nthawi zonse timachita zimene tikufuna, chifukwa chakuti timafunika kuchita zinthu zinazake kapena chifukwa choti ndi udindo. Ndipo mumasewera, titha kupanga dziko lathu ndikuchita momwe timafunira. Zingatenge zaka zambiri kuti munthu akhale wokhoza, kuti ukhale wopambana kuposa ena pa chinthu china. Masewerawa ali ndi masabata okwanira, kapena masiku. "Masewerawa amamangidwa mwadala kotero kuti kufunikira kokwaniritsa kumakwaniritsidwa nthawi zonse: ngati ntchitozo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kapena zosavuta, sizingakhale zosangalatsa kusewera," akutero Evgeny Osin, kutibwezera ku lingaliro. Kuthamanga: Kuvuta kotereku kwa ntchito kuli kumapeto kwa kuthekera kwathu, koma osati kunja kwa iwo - ndipo kumapangitsa kuyenda.
Kufanana kwa mwayi
Wina angazindikire kuti masewera apakanema samathandizira kulumikizana mwanjira iliyonse - ndikuwulula kubwerera kwawo. Inde, masewera ankakhala osungulumwa kwambiri. Koma ndi m’mbuyomo. Masiku ano, masewera a pa intaneti ambiri ndizosatheka popanda kulumikizana. Kuthamangitsa adani enieni (kapena kuwathawa), osewera amalumikizana nthawi zonse kuti apange njira yabwino. Nthawi zambiri kulankhulana uku kumasanduka zenizeni, osati zaubwenzi zokha.
Mwachitsanzo, osewera omwe akhala amalonda amakhala okonzeka kulemba ntchito "anzawo" m'magulu a masewera2. Masewera ophatikizana amapereka mwayi wowunika osati luso la masewera okha, komanso kudalirika, udindo, nzeru za okondedwa. Palinso mbali zina zabwino za chilakolako cha masewera. Mwachitsanzo, masewerawa amachotsa zoletsa jenda ndi zaka. Yerbol Ismailov anati: “Mtsikana wofooka kapena mwana wazaka khumi sangathe kulimbana ndi amuna amphamvu. "Koma m'dziko lenileni atha, ndipo ichi ndichilimbikitso chowonjezera kusewera." Natalia Bogacheva akuvomerezana ndi izi: “Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti maluso a malo, monga ngati kulondolera mapu kapena kusinthasintha kwa maganizo kwa zinthu za mbali zitatu, amakula kwambiri mwa amuna kuposa akazi. Koma masewerawa amachepetsa kapena milatho. ”
Osewera omwe akhala amalonda ali okonzeka kulemba ntchito "anzawo" kuchokera kumagulu amasewera
Pomaliza, tonsefe timafunika kupuma kuchokera ku zenizeni nthawi zina. "Chosowa ichi ndi champhamvu, chokulirapo pa psyche m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku," akutero Natalia Bogacheva. "Achinyamata amakhala m'mikhalidwe ya kusatsimikizika kwakukulu (pamene sikungatheke kuneneratu zochitika kapena zotsatira za zisankho zawo) ndi katundu wambiri, ndipo dziko la Pokemon ndi losavuta komanso lomveka bwino, liri ndi ndondomeko zomveka bwino za kupambana. njira zopezera icho, chotero kumizidwa m’menemo kungakhale njira yotsitsimula maganizo.” .
Osati zabwino zokha
Zapezeka kuti tikufuna masewera mwachangu, ndipo ili mu monga Pokemon Go. Ndi zinthu ziti zabwino ndi zoyipa zomwe akatswiri amisala amawona pakuwukira kwa Pokemon?
Ndi pluses, chirichonse chikuwoneka bwino. Masewerawa amayankha chikhumbo chathu chofuna kusankha, kukhala odziwa bwino komanso kulankhulana. Kuphatikiza apo, Pokemon Go ndiyabwino kwa thupi lathu, akatswiri ambiri azakudya amalangiza masewerawa ngati njira yabwino yowotcha zopatsa mphamvu. Ndipo kuipa kwake ndi kotani?
Kuopsa kovulala (chomwe, tiyeni tikhale ndi cholinga, pali, ngakhale mutawoloka msewu osathamangitsa Pokémon). Chiwopsezo Choledzeretsa (omwe angathenso kupangidwa mogwirizana ndi masewera aliwonse, osati kwa iwo okha). "Ngati masewerawa akukhala njira yopezera munthu, zomwe zimakulolani kuti mubwezeretse thanzi lanu ndikupeza mphamvu za moyo, ndiye kuti izi zimakhala ndi chithandizo chamankhwala," anatero Evgeny Osin. “Koma pamene iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yokhutiritsira zosoŵa, zimene zimakankhira mbali zina zonse za moyo, ndiye kuti zimenezi, ndithudi, n’zoipa. Kenako kugundana ndi zenizeni kumawonjezera kukhumudwa ndi kukhumudwa. Zayamba kale kuledzera. ”
Komabe, monga Natalia Bogacheva amanenera, chizolowezi chamasewera apakompyuta chimapezeka mwa 5-7% mwa osewera ndipo ngakhale malinga ndi kuyerekezera kopanda chiyembekezo sikudutsa 10%, ndipo nthawi zambiri amawonedwa mwa omwe poyamba amakhala ndi zizolowezi zoyipa.
Chizoloŵezi chamasewera apakompyuta chimapezeka mwa 5-7% mwa osewera, ndipo nthawi zambiri mwa iwo omwe poyamba amakhala ndi zizolowezi zoyipa.
Chida chobisika cha manipulators?
Koma pali chiwopsezo chimodzi chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi Pokemon Go. Masewerawa amawongolera zochita za anthu mdziko lenileni. Ndipo pali chitsimikizo kuti sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi onyenga, kunena, kukonza ziwawa?
Komabe, Natalia Bogacheva amaona kuti ngoziyi si yaikulu kwambiri. "Pokemon Go siwowopsa kuposa mapulogalamu ena khumi ndi awiri omwe amapezeka mu smartphone iliyonse," akutsimikiza. - Masewerawa salola kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamasewera zokha kutumiza anthu ambiri kumalo amodzi osawadziwitsa pasadakhale. mwanjira ina. Ngakhale kufalitsa nyambo kapena Pokemon osowa sizingathandize - sizingawonekere patali, chifukwa mawonekedwe omwe amaperekedwa pamasewerawa ndi pafupifupi kilomita imodzi kuchokera pomwe wosewerayo ali. Pa nthawi yomweyi, malo omwe mungathe kugwira Pokemon ndi kuyambitsa zinthu zamasewera ndi zazikulu zokwanira kuti (osachepera pakati pa Moscow, kumene ndinatha "kusaka" pang'ono) simukudziika pangozi. M'mawonekedwe ake apano, masewerawa sayambitsa ngozi, koma, m'malo mwake, amachenjeza za iwo. "
m'malire
Zaka zingapo zapitazo dziko linapenga pa Angry Birds.. Ndiyeno iwo pafupifupi anayiwala za izo. Mwinamwake, tsoka lomwelo likuyembekezera Pokémon. Koma pali kusiyana kumodzi kofunikira. Pokemon Go ndi gawo lophatikizira zenizeni zenizeni komanso zenizeni. Chotsatira chidzakhala chiyani, palibe amene anganene lero, koma adzakhaladi. Pali kale zipewa zomwe zimatilola kukhala pakati pa chipinda chopanda kanthu ndi chidaliro chonse kuti tili m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena mkati mwa nkhalango. Ndipo tsiku limene zipangizo zoterezi zidzakhala zazikulu siliri kutali. Komanso kusafuna kuwachotsa kuti abwerere kuchipinda chopanda kanthu. Ndipo, mwinamwake, ndi nthawi yoti akatswiri amaganizo aganizire izi lero.
1 M. Csikszentmihalyi “Flow. Psychology of optimal experience ”(Alpina non-fiction, 2016).
2 J. Beck, M. Wade Momwe mbadwo wa osewera umasinthiratu malo abizinesi” (Pretext, 2008).