• Khansara ya m'mapapo ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe ili ndi mwayi wochepa wochira. Komabe, pali njira zingapo zopewera.
• Mosasamala zaka ndi zizolowezi zosuta, asiye kusuta amachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ndi matenda ena ambiri².
• Zaka zisanu mutasiya kusuta, chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mapapo chimatsika ndi theka. Zaka 10 mpaka 15 atasiya, ngoziyo imakhala yofanana ndi ya anthu amene sanasutepo².

Main zodzitetezera

Mosakayikira, njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera ndiyo kusayamba kusuta kapena kusiya kusuta. Kuchepetsa kumwa kumachepetsanso chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mapapo.

Njira zina

Pewani kusuta fodya.

Pewani kukhudzana ndi zinthu zoyambitsa khansa kuntchito. Yang'anani njira zodzitetezera ku chinthu chilichonse ndipo musabweretse zovala zanu zantchito kunyumba.

Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo magawo 5 mpaka 10 a zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba patsiku. Zodzitetezera zimawonedwanso mwa osuta^{11, 13,21,26-29}. Zikuwoneka kuti anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo ayenera kusamala kwambiri kuphatikiza zakudya zawo zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba olemera mu beta-carotene (kaloti, ma apricots, mango, masamba obiriwira, mbatata, parsley, etc.) wopachika (Kabichi zamitundu yonse, watercress, turnips, radishes, etc.). Soya akuwoneka kuti ali ndi chitetezo⁵⁶. Zakudya zokhala ndi phytosterols nazonso⁵⁷.

Kuonjezera apo, kufufuza kwakukulu kumasonyeza zimenezo mavitamini a gulu B Zingakhale zoteteza ku khansa ya m'mapapo^{46, 47}. Anthu omwe ali ndi mavitamini B6 apamwamba (pyridoxine), vitamini B9 (folic acid) ndi vitamini B12 (cobalamin) anali pachiwopsezo chochepa cha khansa ya m'mapapo. Kuti mupeze zakudya zabwino kwambiri za mavitaminiwa, onani mndandanda wa zakudya: vitamini B6, vitamini B9 ndi vitamini B12.

Pewani kukhudzana ndi asibesitosi. Yang'anani ngati kutchinjiriza kuli ndi asibesitosi musanayambe kukonzanso. Ngati ndi choncho ndipo mukufuna kuwachotsa, kulibwino mukhale ndi akatswiri. Kupanda kutero timakhala pachiwopsezo chodziwonetsa tokha mozama.

Ngati ndi kotheka, yezani mpweya wa radon m'nyumba mwanu. Izi zitha kukhala zothandiza ngati dera lanu lili m'dera lina lomwe lili ndi ma radon ambiri. Mutha kuyesa mulingo wa radon mkati mwa nyumbayo pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chomwe chapangidwira izi, kapena kuyimbira foni yachinsinsi. Kuchuluka kwa radon mumlengalenga wakunja kumasiyana kuchokera ku 5 mpaka 15 Bq / m³. Kuchuluka kwa radon mumpweya wamkati kumasiyana kwambiri m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Ku Canada, imasinthasintha kuchokera ku 30 mpaka 100 Bq / m³. Akuluakulu amalimbikitsa kuti anthu achitepo kanthu kuti akonze ndende ya radon ikafika kuposa 800 Bq / m^336,37. Onani gawo la Sites of Interest la kuchuluka kwa radon m'malo osiyanasiyana ku North America.

Nawa miyeso yomwe imakulolani kutero kuchepetsa kukhudzana radon m'nyumba zowopsa kwambiri³⁰ :

- kusintha mpweya wabwino;

- musasiye dothi m'zipinda zapansi;

- kukonzanso zipinda zakale m'chipinda chapansi;

- Tsekani ming'alu ndi makoma m'makoma ndi pansi.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro (chifuwa chachilendo, kupuma movutikira, kupweteka pachifuwa, ndi zina zotero), fotokozerani dokotala wanu, yemwe angakupatseni mayeso osiyanasiyana azachipatala ngati kuli kofunikira.

Mabungwe ena azachipatala, monga American College of Chest Physicians amalimbikitsa kuyezetsa khansa ya m'mapapo ndi Ct Scan nthawi zina, monga osuta azaka zopitilira 30 azaka zapakati pa 55 mpaka 74. Koma tiyenera kudziwa za kuchuluka kwa zolakwa zabodza, matenda okhudzana ndi kufufuza ndi nkhawa zomwe zimayambitsa odwala. Thandizo lachigamulo likupezeka⁵⁵.

Mu phunziroli

ubwino recherches ali mkati kuti apeze "zizindikiro" za khansa ya m'mapapo pofufuzampweya^39,44,45. Ochita kafukufuku amasonkhanitsa mpweya wotuluka pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera: njirayo ndi yosavuta komanso yosasokoneza. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina zomwe zimasokonekera zimayesedwa, monga ma hydrocarbon ndi ma ketoni. Mpweya wotuluka ukhoza kuwonetsanso kuchuluka kwa kupsinjika kwa okosijeni komwe kumapezeka mumayendedwe a mpweya. Njirayi sinapangidwebe. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kafukufuku woyambirira yemwe adachitika mu 2006 adatsimikiza izi Agalu ophunzitsidwa amatha kuzindikira khansa ya m'mapapo ndi chiwopsezo cha 99%, ndikungonunkhiza mpweya wawo³⁹.

• Ngati mukukayikira za zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mapapo (mwachitsanzo, chifuwa cha wosuta, mwachitsanzo), funsani dokotala mwamsanga. Kuzindikira koyambirira kumawonjezera mphamvu zamankhwala.
• Kusiya kusuta mutadziwa kuti muli ndi khansa ya m'mapapo kumapangitsa kuti munthu athe kupirira chithandizo komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a m'mapapo.
• Mankhwala ena a chemotherapy kapena radiotherapy cholinga chake ndi kuteteza kupangika kwa metastases. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'maselo ang'onoang'ono a khansa.