La Prostate ndi gland yaziwalo zoberekera za abambo. Ili pansi pa chikhodzodzo ndipo, ngati mphete, imazungulira mkodzo, njira yomwe mkodzo ndi umuna zimatuluka m'thupi. Ntchito ya prostate ndi kupanga prostatic fluid, imodzi mwa zigawo za umuna pamodzi ndi seminal fluid ndi umuna, kusunga kwakanthawi umuna usanatulutsidwe, kenaka kuti upangike panthawi yotulutsa umuna, motero kutenga nawo gawo pakutulutsa. kutulutsa umuna.

Le khansa Prostate ndi khansa yofala kwambiri mwa amuna: akuti amuna 1 mwa 7 adzapezeka ndi matendawa, nthawi zambiri ali ndi zaka XNUMX. Ngakhale palibe chifukwa chenichenicho chomwe chadziwika, pali a chibadwa.

Ambiri a khansa ya prostate amakula pang'onopang'ono. Komanso, amuna ambiri amene ali ndi khansa imeneyi amafa chifukwa china. Nthawi zambiri chotupa amakhala mu Prostate ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa pa thanzi, nthawi zina zimayambitsa matenda a mkodzo kapena erectile. Komabe, khansa ina imatha kukula ndikufalikira mwachangu.

Ku France, khansara ya prostate ndiyo yomwe imakonda kwambiri khansa yamwamuna (71 zatsopano zomwe zikuyerekezedwa mu 200) komanso zachitatu zomwe zimayambitsa imfa ya khansa mwa amuna (imfa za 2011 pachaka). Zaka zapakati zodziwika ndi zaka 3, ndipo 8% ya khansa ya prostate imapezeka pambuyo pa zaka 700. Avereji ya zaka zomwalira ndi khansa ya prostate ndi 74, zomwe ndi pafupifupi zaka zomwe amuna amayembekeza kukhala ndi moyo ku France. Khansara ya Prostate ndi khansa yodziwika bwino: Kukhala ndi moyo wachibale wazaka 44 kwasintha kwambiri, kuchoka pa 75% mwa odwala 78 mpaka 5% mwa 70.

Khansara ya Prostate ndi 2^e chifukwa cha imfa ya khansa yamphongo ku North America, pambuyo pa khansa ya m'mapapo.

mitundu

THEadenocarcinoma ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa ya prostate. Zimayimira pafupifupi 95% ya milandu.

Kuopsa kwa khansa kumatengera kukula kwa matendawa chotupa (m'deralo, ndi metastases pafupi kapena kutali) ndi mtundu wa maselo a khansaPali ziwerengero zoyezera momwe kansa ya prostate ilili, ndiye kuti kuopsa komwe kumapereka kwa munthu yemwe wakhudzidwa. Awa ndiye mphambu ya Gleason.

Chiwerengerochi chimapereka manambala awiri kuchokera ku 3 mpaka 5 poyang'ana minofu ya prostate pansi pa microscope, manambala ofanana ndi kalasi 3, 4 kapena 5. Nambala ya 3 imagwirizana ndi minofu yambiri ya prostatic komanso nambala 5 kuti ikhale yowopsya kwambiri.

Ndi ziwerengerozi, kuti tipeze ziwerengero zomwe zimatha kuyambira 2 mpaka 10, timaphatikiza magiredi 2, omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi m'maselo a prostate komanso kuchuluka kwapamwamba komwe kumawonedwa. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa 6 (1-1) kumafanana ndi khansa yocheperako, 7 pang'ono, ndipo kuchuluka kwachulukidwe, m'pamenenso kuchuluka kwa chotupacho kumawonjezeka. Nambala iyi ndiyofunikira pakusankha chithandizo chamankhwala chabwino kwa mwamuna aliyense.

Kuzindikira ndi kuwunika

·         Kuyeza magazi: kuyeza kuchuluka kwa antigen ya prostate (APS ou PSA). Khansara ya Prostate imatha kuzindikirika powona kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni m'magazi: prostate specific antigen kapena PSA. PSA ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi prostate. Komabe, zotsatira zapamwamba pa mayesowa sizikutanthauza kuti pali a khansa. Inde, kuchuluka kwa 4 nanograms / ml ya mapuloteni m'magazi amagwirizana ndi khansa ya prostate pafupifupi 25% ya milandu, ndi matenda ena a prostate mu 75% ya milandu. Ngati si khansa, PSA yokwezeka imatha kufanana ndi benign prostatic hyperplasia, kutupa kapena matenda a prostate. Prostate.

Kumbali ina, kuyesa kwa PSA sikuzindikira matenda onse a khansa. Pakafukufuku woyesa kuchita bwino kwa mayeso a PSA, 15% ya amuna omwe adapezeka kuti alibe nawo mayesowa (kuchokera pagulu la amuna awiri azaka 2 mpaka 950) anali ndi khansa ya prostate62. Tiyeni tinene kuti PSA mlingo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyang'anira momwe khansa ya prostate imayendera.

The biopsy palibezotsatira zoyipazi. Ambiri ndi kukhalapo kwa nthawi yochepa kwambiri magazi mkodzo, ndowe kapena umuna, kutentha thupi ndi matenda a prostate.

Pochita:

- Ngati prostate ili yachilendo pakuyezetsa kwa digito ndipo palpation yake ikuwonetsa khansa, biopsy imachitidwa, ngakhale PSA itakhala yabwinobwino.

- Ngati prostate ndi yachilendo pa palpation ndipo PSA ndi yaikulu kuposa 4 ng / ml, biopsy idzachitidwa ngati PSA ikuwonjezeka pakapita nthawi.

• Kukhudza kwamphamvu. Cholinga chake ndi palpation ya prostate gland. Kuti achite izi, dokotala amaika chala chophimbidwa ndi magolovesi mu rectum ndipo amatha kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwake komanso kusasinthasintha kwa prostate. Izi zimangopereka kuyamikira pang'ono. Koma nthawi zina amatha kuzindikira khansa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mlingo waantigen Prostate yeniyeni (= APS kapena PSA ya "Prostatic Specific Antigen") yachibadwa.
  • Kusintha kwa ultrasound. Amangochitidwa kuti apange prostate biopsy ndipo sizosangalatsa paokha.
  • Biopsy pa transrectal ultrasound. Pa ultrasound, dokotala akhoza kutsogolera singano kuchita wa prostate biopsies, ndiko kuti, kutenga kachidutswa kakang'ono ka prostate kuti kakawunike pa maikulosikopu. Izi zimalola kuti chiwerengero cha Gleason chiwerengedwe. Ndi biopsy yokha yomwe imatha kudziwa khansa ya prostate motsimikiza. Biopsy nthawi zambiri imachitika pogwiritsa ntchito singano yomwe imayikidwa mu prostate. Zitsanzo za 10 mpaka 12 zimatengedwa mu gawo limodzi, m'madera osiyanasiyana a prostate

    Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazolinga matenda, osati kuyang'ana. Izi zikutanthawuza kuti zimachitika pamene mwamuna ali ndi PSA yapamwamba kapena pamene kuyezetsa kwa digito kumapeza prostate yosadziwika bwino.