- Dokotala akhoza kuvutika maganizo kwambiri, koma amadzuka m'mawa, kupita kuntchito, kuchita ntchito zake mosalakwitsa, kenako n'kubwera kunyumba ndikugona, sangathe kuchita china chilichonse. Zimagwiranso ntchito mofanana ndi kuledzera. Nthawi yomwe dokotala amasiya kugwira ntchito ndi yomaliza - akutero Dr. Magdalena Flaga-Łuczkiewicz, katswiri wa zamaganizo, dokotala wamankhwala ndi madokotala a mano ku Regional Medical Chamber ku Warsaw.
- - COVID-19 idatipangitsa kuti tizilankhula mokweza za thanzi la madotolo, kumvetsetsa kuti mukamagwira ntchito ndi katundu wotere, simungathe kuthana nawo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazowonjezera zochepa za mliriwu - akutero Dr. Flaga-Łuczkiewicz
- Monga momwe katswiri wa zamaganizo akufotokozera, kutopa ndi vuto lofala pakati pa madokotala. Ku USA, dokotala wachiwiri aliyense amawotchedwa, ku Poland gawo lililonse lachitatu, ngakhale izi ndizomwe zachitika mliriwu usanachitike
- - Chovuta kwambiri chamalingaliro ndikusowa mphamvu. Chilichonse chikuyenda bwino ndipo mwadzidzidzi wodwalayo amamwalira - akufotokoza katswiri wa zamaganizo. - Kwa madokotala ambiri, maulamuliro ndi chisokonezo cha bungwe ndizokhumudwitsa. Pali zinthu monga: chosindikizira chathyoka, dongosolo lili pansi, palibe njira yotumizira wodwalayo
- Mutha kupeza zambiri zotere patsamba loyambira la TvoiLokony
Karolina Świdrak, MedTvoiLokony: Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri. Kodi madotolo aku Poland ali ndi malingaliro otani pakadali pano? Ndikuganiza kuti COVID-19 idapangitsa kuti iziipire kwambiri, komanso zidapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri azilankhula za madotolo ndikukhala ndi chidwi ndi moyo wawo. Madotolowo ali bwanji?
Dr. Magdalena Flaga-Łuczkiewicz: COVID-19 mwina idakulitsa thanzi lamaganizidwe a madokotala, koma koposa zonse idatipangitsa kuti tizilankhula mokweza. Ndi funso la malingaliro ambiri komanso kuti atolankhani ochokera m'ma TV osiyanasiyana amakhudzidwa ndi nkhani yomwe mabuku akupangidwa omwe amasonyeza ntchitoyi mwachifundo. Anthu ambiri anayamba kumvetsa kuti pamene inu ntchito mu katundu wotero, inu simungakhoze kupirira izo. Nthawi zambiri ndimanena kuti ichi ndi chimodzi mwazowonjezera zochepa za mliri: tidayamba kukambirana za momwe madokotala akumvera komanso momwe amamvera. Ngakhale mkhalidwe wamaganizidwe a madokotala padziko lapansi wakhala nkhani ya kafukufuku kwa zaka zambiri. Tikudziwa kuchokera kwa iwo kuti ku USA dokotala wachiwiri aliyense amawotchedwa, ndipo ku Poland gawo lililonse lachitatu, ngakhale izi ndizomwe zachitika mliriwu usanachitike.
Komabe, vuto nlakuti, pamene kuli nkhani yoti madokotala akutopa kwambiri, mavuto aakulu azunguliridwa kale ndi chiwembu chakukhala chete. Madokotala amaopa kusalidwa, mavuto monga matenda kapena kusokonezeka kwa maganizo amasalidwa kwambiri, ndipo makamaka m'malo azachipatala. Komanso sikuti ndizochitika za ku Poland zokha. Kugwira ntchito zachipatala sikoyenera kuyankhula mokweza: Ndikumva chisoni, chinachake chalakwika ndi maganizo anga.
Ndiye dokotala ali ngati wosoka nsapato yemwe amayenda opanda nsapato?
Izi ndi chimodzimodzi zomwe izo ziri. Ndili ndi bukhu lachipatala lochokera ku nyumba yosindikizira ya amisala yaku America patsogolo panga zaka zingapo zapitazo. Ndipo pali zambiri zomwe zimanenedwa za chikhulupiliro chomwe chidakalipobe m'malo athu kuti dokotala ayenera kukhala katswiri komanso wodalirika, wopanda malingaliro, komanso kuti sangathe kuwulula kuti sangathe kulimbana ndi chinachake, chifukwa zingawoneke ngati kusowa kwaukadaulo. Mwina, chifukwa cha mliriwu, china chake chasintha pang'ono, chifukwa mutu wa madokotala, malingaliro awo komanso kuti ali ndi ufulu wodyetsedwa umabwera.
Tiyeni tione mavutowa limodzi ndi limodzi. Kutopa kwaukatswiri: Ndimakumbukira kuchokera kumaphunziro azamaganizidwe kuti zimakhudza ntchito zambiri zomwe zimalumikizana mwachindunji ndi munthu wina. Ndipo apa ndizovuta kulingalira ntchito yomwe imalumikizana kwambiri ndi anthu ena kuposa dokotala.
Izi zimagwira ntchito ku ntchito zambiri zachipatala ndipo zimachitika makamaka chifukwa madokotala amadziwa ndi kuthana ndi mavuto a anthu ambiri ndikuchita ndi maganizo awo tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndipo mfundo yakuti madokotala amafuna kuthandiza, koma osati nthawi zonse.
Ndikuganiza kuti kutopa kwambiri ndiye nsonga yachidule komanso kuti madokotala mwina ali ndi mavuto ambiri amalingaliro. Kodi mumakumana ndi chiyani nthawi zambiri?
Kupsa mtima si matenda. Inde, ili ndi chiwerengero chake m'magulu, koma izi si matenda a munthu, koma yankho la munthu pa vuto la dongosolo. Thandizo ndi chithandizo kwa munthuyo ndizofunikadi, koma sizingakhale zogwira mtima ngati sizitsatiridwa ndi machitidwe a machitidwe, mwachitsanzo kusintha kwa bungwe la ntchito. Tili ndi kafukufuku watsatanetsatane wothana ndi kutopa ndi madotolo, monga bungwe la American Psychiatric Association, lomwe limapereka malingaliro angapo azinthu zomwe zingatheke payekhapayekha komanso m'madongosolo osiyanasiyana. Njira zotsitsimula ndi kulingalira zingaphunzitsidwe kwa madokotala, koma zotsatira zake zidzakhala zochepa ngati palibe kusintha kuntchito.
Kodi madokotala amadwala matenda a maganizo ndi matenda?
Madokotala ndi anthu ndipo amatha kukumana ndi zomwe anthu ena amakumana nazo. Kodi akudwala m'maganizo? Kumene. M'dera lathu, munthu wachinayi aliyense ali ndi, ali ndi kapena adzakhala ndi vuto la m'maganizo - kuvutika maganizo, nkhawa, kugona, umunthu ndi kusokoneza bongo. Mwinamwake pakati pa madokotala ogwira ntchito omwe ali ndi matenda a maganizo, ambiri adzakhala anthu omwe ali ndi "njira yabwino" ya matendawa, chifukwa cha chodabwitsa "zotsatira zantchito zabwino ». Izi zikutanthauza kuti mu ntchito zomwe zimafuna zaka zambiri, chitetezo chokwanira, kugwira ntchito molimbika, padzakhala anthu ochepa omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la maganizo, chifukwa penapake panjira "amaphwanyika", amachoka. Pali ena amene, ngakhale kuti ali ndi matenda, amatha kupirira ntchito yotopetsa.
Tsoka ilo, mliriwu wapangitsa anthu ambiri kumva kuti ali ndi matenda amisala. Kachitidwe ka mapangidwe azovuta zambiri zamaganizidwe ndikuti munthu akhoza kukhala ndi chidziwitso chachilengedwe kwa iwo kapena okhudzana ndi zochitika pamoyo. Komabe, kupsinjika maganizo, kukhala mumkhalidwe wovuta kwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kolimbikitsa komwe kumakupangitsani kuti mudutse nsonga, zomwe njira zothanirana nazo sizikhala zokwanira. M'mbuyomu, munthu mwanjira ina adakwanitsa, tsopano, chifukwa cha kupsinjika ndi kutopa, izi zimasokonekera.
Kwa dokotala, kuyitana komaliza ndi nthawi yomwe sangathenso kupirira ntchito yake. Ntchito nthawi zambiri imakhala yomaliza kwa dokotala - dokotala akhoza kukhala wokhumudwa kwambiri, koma amadzuka m'mawa, amapita kuntchito, adzachita ntchito zake mosalakwitsa kuntchito, kenako adzabwera kunyumba ndikugona pansi. , sadzathanso kuchita chilichonse. zambiri kuchita. Ndimakumana ndi madokotala otero tsiku lililonse. Zilinso chimodzimodzi ndi anthu omwerekera. Nthawi yomwe dokotala amasiya kugwira ntchito ndi yomaliza. Izi zisanachitike, moyo wabanja, zokonda, maubwenzi ndi mabwenzi, china chilichonse chimatha.
Chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti madokotala omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la nkhawa, kukhumudwa, ndi PTSD amagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ndikugwira ntchito moyenera.
- Amuna ndi akazi amatengera kupsinjika mosiyanasiyana
Kodi dokotala amawoneka bwanji ali ndi vuto la nkhawa? Kodi zimagwira ntchito bwanji?
Izo sizimaonekera. Amavala chovala choyera ngati dotolo aliyense wopezeka m'makonde achipatala. Izi nthawi zambiri sizikuwoneka. Mwachitsanzo, Generalized Anxiety Disorder ndi chinthu chomwe anthu ena omwe ali nacho sadziwa n'komwe kuti ndi vuto. Ndi anthu omwe amadandaula ndi chilichonse, amapanga zochitika zamdima, amakhala ndi zovuta zamkati kuti chinachake chichitike. Nthawi zina tonsefe timakumana nazo, koma munthu amene ali ndi vutoli amakumana nazo nthawi zonse, ngakhale sizimawonetsa kwenikweni. Wina adzayang'ana zinthu zina mozama, kusamala, kulondola kwambiri - ndikwabwinoko, dokotala wamkulu yemwe angayang'ane zotsatira za mayeso katatu.
Ndiye kodi matenda oda nkhawawa amadzimva bwanji?
Munthu wobwerera kunyumba ali ndi mantha ndi kupsinjika maganizo ndipo satha kuchita china chilichonse, koma amangokhalira kunyengerera. Ndikudziwa nkhani ya dokotala wabanja yemwe, atabwerera kunyumba, amangokhalira kudabwa ngati wachita zonse bwino. Kapena amapita ku chipatala ola limodzi m’mbuyomo, chifukwa anakumbukira kuti anali ndi wodwala masiku atatu m’mbuyomo ndipo sakutsimikiza ngati anaphonyapo kanthu kena, ndiye kuti angayimbire wodwala ameneyu kaamba ka kutero, kapena ayi, koma angafune kuyimbira foni. Kudzizunza kotereku. Ndipo kugona kumakhala kovuta chifukwa maganizo akuthamangabe.
- «Timadzitsekera tokha. Timatenga botolo ndikumwera pagalasi »
Kodi dokotala wovutika maganizo amaoneka bwanji?
Kupsinjika maganizo ndikosavuta kwambiri. Madokotala onse anali ndi makalasi azamisala m'chipatala cha amisala panthawi yamaphunziro awo. Iwo ankawona anthu akuvutika maganizo kwambiri, okhumudwa, onyalanyazidwa, komanso nthawi zambiri achinyengo. Ndipo dokotala akaona kuti sakufuna kalikonse, sali wosangalala, amalimbikira kugwira ntchito ndipo safuna kulankhula ndi aliyense, amagwira ntchito pang’onopang’ono kapena amakwiya msanga, amaganiza kuti “izi n’zakanthawi. bluff". Kupsinjika maganizo sikumangoyamba mwadzidzidzi, kumangokhalira kusuta kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo pang'onopang'ono kumakula kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kudzizindikira kukhala kovuta kwambiri.
Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuganizira, munthuyo sakusangalala kapena alibe chidwi. Kapena wokwiya nthawi zonse, wowawa komanso wokhumudwa, wokhala ndi malingaliro opanda pake. N'zotheka kukhala ndi tsiku loipitsitsa, koma mukakhala ndi miyezi yoipitsitsa ndikudandaula.
- Kodi madotolo azamalamulo omwe amabisa zolakwa za madotolo ena?
Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, kwa zaka zambiri, amatha kugwira ntchito, kugwira ntchito, ndi kukwaniritsa ntchito zake, pamene kuvutika maganizo kumakula.
Izi ndi chimodzimodzi zomwe izo ziri. Dokotala waku Poland amagwira ntchito m'malo 2,5 - malinga ndi lipoti la Supreme Medical Chamber kuyambira zaka zingapo zapitazo. Ndipo ena ngakhale m'malo asanu kapena kuposerapo. Palibe dokotala yemwe amagwira ntchito kamodzi kokha, kotero kutopa kumayendera limodzi ndi kupsinjika, komwe nthawi zambiri kumafotokozedwa ndikukhala bwino. Kusagona tulo, kugwira ntchito nthawi zonse pa foni ndi kukhumudwa kumayambitsa kutopa, ndipo kutopa kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kuvutika maganizo.
Madokotala amayesa kupirira ndikuyang'ana njira zomwe zingawathandize. Amachita nawo masewera, amalankhula ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo, amadzipangira mankhwala omwe nthawi zina amathandiza kwakanthawi. Tsoka ilo, palinso zochitika zomwe madokotala amatengera zizolowezi. Komabe, zonsezi zimangowonjezera nthawi asanapite kwa katswiri.
Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za kuvutika maganizo chingakhale vuto kugona. Pulofesa Wichniak anafufuza madokotala a m’mabanja kuti agone. Malinga ndi zotsatira analandira, tikudziwa kuti awiri mwa asanu, mwachitsanzo 40 peresenti. madokotala sakusangalala ndi tulo. Kodi akutani ndi vutoli? Mmodzi mwa anayi amagwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi ogonetsa. Dokotala ali ndi mankhwala ndipo akhoza kulembera yekha mankhwalawo.
Umu ndi momwe chizolowezi choledzera chimayambira. Ndikudziwa milandu pamene wina abwera kwa ine yemwe ali ndi chidakwa, mwachitsanzo, benzodiazepines, mwachitsanzo, anxiolytics ndi hypnotics. Choyamba, tiyenera kuthana ndi chizolowezi choledzera, koma pansi pake nthawi zina timapeza vuto lanthawi yayitali kapena nkhawa.
Mfundo yakuti dokotala amadzichiritsa yekha imaphimba vutoli kwa zaka zambiri ndikuyimitsa njira yake yothandiza. Kodi pali malo kapena malo aliwonse m'chipatala cha ku Poland komwe wina angauze dokotalayu kuti pali vuto? Sindikutanthauza dokotala mnzake kapena mkazi wachikondi, koma ena zokhudza zonse njira, mwachitsanzo nthawi misala mayeso.
Ayi, kulibe. Kuyesera kukuchitika kuti apange dongosolo loterolo ponena za kuledzera ndi matenda aakulu, koma ndizokhudza kupeza anthu omwe akulephera kale kuti asamachite ngati dokotala, osachepera kwakanthawi.
Pa chipatala chilichonse m'chigawochi payenera kukhala (ndipo nthawi zambiri pamakhala) chithandizo chaumoyo wa madokotala. Ndine plenipotentiary ku Warsaw Chamber. Koma ndi bungwe lomwe lakhazikitsidwa kuti lithandize anthu omwe atha kulephera kuchita ntchito yawo chifukwa cha thanzi lawo. Choncho, makamaka madokotala akulimbana ndi kuledzera, amene amakonda kulandira chithandizo, mwinamwake iwo chiopsezo kutaya ufulu kuchita. Zingakhale zothandiza pazochitika zovuta kwambiri. Koma izi ndi cholinga cha zotsatira zoipa, osati kupewa kutopa ndi chisokonezo.
Popeza ndine wothandizira zaumoyo wa madotolo ku Warsaw Medical Chamber, mwachitsanzo kuyambira Seputembala 2019, ndakhala ndikuyesera kuyang'ana kwambiri kupewa. Monga gawo la izi, tili ndi chithandizo chamaganizo, misonkhano ya 10 ndi psychotherapist. Ichi ndi chithandizo chadzidzidzi, m'malo mwachidule, poyambira. Mu 2020, anthu 40 adapindula ndi izi, ndipo mu 2021 ena ambiri.
Dongosololi limamangidwa m'njira yoti dokotala yemwe angafune kugwiritsa ntchito thandizo la psychotherapists athu amangondiuza koyamba. Timalankhula, timamvetsetsa momwe zinthu zilili. Monga katswiri wa zamaganizo ndi psychotherapist, ndimatha kuthandizira kusankha njira yabwino yothandizira munthu wopatsidwa. Ndimathanso kuwunika kuchuluka kwa chiopsezo chodzipha, chifukwa, monga tikudziwira, chiwopsezo cha kufa kwa madokotala ndichokwera kwambiri kuposa ntchito zonse m'mawerengero onse. Anthu ena amapita kwa akatswiri athu a maganizo, ena ndimatchula zachipatala kapena kukaonana ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo, palinso anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito psychotherapy m'mbuyomo ndipo amasankha kubwerera kwa ochiritsa awo "akale". Anthu ena amapita kumisonkhano ya 10 mkati mwa chipindacho ndipo ndizokwanira kwa iwo, ena, ngati ichi chinali chidziwitso chawo choyamba ndi psychotherapy, amasankha kupeza wothandizira wawo ndi chithandizo chautali. Anthu ambiri amakonda chithandizochi, amachipeza kukhala chabwino, chotukuka, kulimbikitsa anzawo kuti agwiritse ntchito.
Ndikulota dongosolo limene madokotala amaphunzitsidwa kudzisamalira kale panthawi ya maphunziro a zachipatala, ali ndi mwayi wochita nawo magulu ochiritsira ndikupempha thandizo. Izi zikuchitika pang'onopang'ono, komabe sizokwanira pazomwe mukufunikira.
Kodi dongosololi limagwira ntchito ku Poland konse?
Ayi, iyi ndi pulogalamu yaumwini mu chipinda cha Warsaw. Panthawi ya mliriwu, chithandizo chamaganizo chidayambika m'zipinda zingapo, koma osati mumzinda uliwonse. Nthawi zina ndimalandira mafoni ochokera kwa madokotala akutali.
- Mfundoyi ndi yakuti muzochitika zamphamvu - zonse payekha ndi mbali inayo - dokotala ayenera kubwerera kumbuyo ndikulowa m'malo owonera. Taonani mayi wamwanayo akukuwa ndipo musaganize za kumukwiyitsa ndikumugwira, koma mvetsetsani kuti wakhumudwa kwambiri chifukwa amaopa mwana, ndipo recorder adamukalipira, sanapeze malo oimika magalimoto kapena. kupita ku ofesi - akuti Dr. Magdalena Flaga-Łuczkiewicz, psychiatrist, thanzi plenipotentiary ya madokotala ndi mano ku Regional Medical Chamber ku Warsaw.
Pamene ndinali kuphunzira za psychology, ndinali ndi anzanga kusukulu ya zachipatala. Ndimakumbukira kuti amachitira psychology ndi njere yamchere, adaseka pang'ono, adati: ndi semesita imodzi yokha, muyenera kupulumuka mwanjira ina. Ndiyeno, patapita zaka zambiri, anavomereza kuti ananong’oneza bondo chifukwa cha kunyalanyaza kwa chinthucho, chifukwa pambuyo pake kuntchito analibe mphamvu yolimbana ndi malingaliro awo kapena kulankhula ndi odwala. Ndipo mpaka lero ndikudabwa: chifukwa chiyani dokotala wamtsogolo amakhala ndi semester imodzi ya psychology?
Ndinamaliza maphunziro anga mu 2007, osati kale kwambiri. Ndipo ndinali ndi semester imodzi. Ndendende: Magulu 7 a psychology yazachipatala. Kunali kunyambita nkhaniyo, pang'ono polankhula ndi wodwalayo, osakwanira. Ziri bwinoko pang'ono tsopano.
Kodi masiku ano madokotala amaphunzitsidwa m’kati mwa maphunziro awo zinthu zonga ngati kukumana ndi odwala kapena mabanja awo movutikira, kulimbana ndi chenicheni chakuti odwala ameneŵa akufa kapena akudwala mwakayakaya ndipo sangathandizidwe?
Mumakamba za kuthana ndi kufooka kwanu ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zovuta kwambiri pantchito yachipatala. Ndikudziwa kuti pali makalasi a psychology ndi kulumikizana ku dipatimenti ya Medical Communication ku Medical University of Warsaw, pali makalasi olankhulana azachipatala. Kumeneko, madokotala amtsogolo amaphunzira kulankhula ndi wodwala. Palinso Dipatimenti ya Psychology, yomwe imakonza zokambirana ndi makalasi. Palinso makalasi osankha kuchokera ku gulu la Balint lomwe ali ndi ophunzira, komwe angaphunzire za njira yayikuluyi, komanso yodziwika pang'ono yokulitsa luso lachipatala ndi zofewa, zokhudzana ndi malingaliro.
Ndi zinthu zodabwitsa: anthu amafuna kukhala madokotala, kuthandiza anthu ena, kukhala ndi chidziwitso, luso komanso kulamulira, palibe amene amapita kuchipatala kuti adzimve kuti alibe chithandizo. Komabe pali zinthu zambiri zomwe sitingathe "kupambana". M’lingaliro lakuti sitingathe kuchita kalikonse, tiyenera kumuuza wodwala kuti tiribe chompatsa. Kapena tikachita zonse moyenera ndipo zikuwoneka kuti zili panjira yoyenera koma choyipa kwambiri chimachitika ndipo wodwalayo amamwalira.
N’zovuta kulingalira aliyense amene angapirire bwino mkhalidwe woterowo. Kapena mosiyana: wina adzachita bwino, winayo sadzatero.
Kulankhula, "kutulutsa" malingaliro awa, kumathandiza kuchotsa zolemetsazo. Zingakhale zabwino kukhala ndi mlangizi wanzeru, wogwira naye ntchito wamkulu yemwe wadutsamo, amadziwa momwe zimakhalira komanso momwe angachitire nazo. Magulu a Balint omwe atchulidwa kale ndi chinthu chabwino, chifukwa amatilola kuti tiwone zomwe takumana nazo m'njira zosiyanasiyana, ndipo amatsutsa mwa ife kusungulumwa kowopsya komanso kumverera kuti wina aliyense akulimbana ndi ife tokha. Kuti muone mmene gulu lotereli lilili lamphamvu, mumangofunika kupezeka pamisonkhano kangapo. Ngati dokotala wamtsogolo adziwa za opaleshoni ya gulu panthawi ya maphunziro ake, ndiye kuti amadziwa kuti ali ndi chida choterocho.
Koma zoona zake n’zakuti, njira yothandizira madokotala imeneyi imagwira ntchito mosiyana kwambiri ndi malo. Palibe njira zothetsera dziko lonse pano.
- Vuto lapakati pa moyo. Kodi zimawonetsedwa bwanji komanso momwe mungachitire nazo?
Ndi zinthu ziti za ntchito ya udokotala zomwe madokotala amawona kuti ndizosautsa komanso zovuta kwambiri?
Zovuta kapena zokhumudwitsa? Kwa madokotala ambiri, chinthu chokhumudwitsa kwambiri ndi chipwirikiti ndi chisokonezo cha bungwe. Ndikuganiza kuti aliyense amene wagwirapo ntchito kapena ku chipatala kapena kuchipatala amadziwa zomwe akunena. Izi ndi zotsatirazi: chosindikizira chinathyoka, pepala linatha, dongosolo silikugwira ntchito, palibe njira yobwezera wodwalayo, palibe njira yodutsamo, pali vuto logwirizana ndi kulembetsa kapena kasamalidwe. Inde, m'chipatala mungathe kuyitanitsa kukaonana ndi ward ina kwa wodwala, koma muyenera kumenyera nkhondo. Chokhumudwitsa ndi chomwe chimatenga nthawi ndi mphamvu ndipo sichikhudzanso chithandizo cha wodwalayo. Pamene ndinali kugwira ntchito m'chipatala, makina amagetsi anali atangoyamba kumene, kotero ndimakumbukirabe zolemba zamapepala, mbiri yachipatala ya mabuku ambiri. Zinali zofunika kufotokoza molondola ndondomeko ya chithandizo ndi matenda a wodwalayo, kusoka, kuika nambala, ndi kuyikamo. kompyuta.
Ndipo nchiyani chomwe chiri chovuta maganizo, cholemetsa?
Kusowa chochita. Nthawi zambiri kusowa thandizo kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa chakuti timadziwa zoyenera kuchita, chithandizo chomwe tingagwiritse ntchito, koma, mwachitsanzo, chisankho sichipezeka. Timadziwa kuti ndi mankhwala ati omwe tingagwiritse ntchito, timawerenga za njira zatsopano zothandizira mankhwala nthawi zonse, timadziwa kuti zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwinakwake, koma osati m'dziko lathu, osati kuchipatala chathu.
Palinso zochitika zomwe timatsatira ndondomeko, kutenga nawo mbali, kuchita zomwe tingathe, ndipo zikuwoneka kuti zonse zikuyenda bwino, koma wodwalayo amamwalira kapena zinthu zimaipiraipira. Zimakhala zovuta m'maganizo kwa dokotala pamene zinthu sizikuyenda bwino.
- Psychiatrists pa Zotsatira za Kutalikirana ndi Anthu pa Mliri. Chodabwitsa cha "njala yapakhungu" chikuwonjezeka
Ndipo kukhudzana ndi odwala kumawoneka bwanji pamaso pa dokotala? stereotype amanena kuti odwala ndi ovuta, wovuta, iwo sachitira dokotala ngati zibwenzi. Mwachitsanzo, amabwera ku ofesi ndi yankho lokonzekera lomwe adapeza pa Google.
Mwina ndine wochepa, koma ndimakonda wodwala akabwera kwa ine ndi chidziwitso chopezeka pa intaneti. Ndine wothandizira mgwirizano waubwenzi ndi wodwalayo, ndimakonda ngati ali ndi chidwi ndi matenda ake ndikuyang'ana zambiri. Koma kwa madokotala ambiri ndizovuta kwambiri kuti odwala mwadzidzidzi akufuna kuthandizidwa ngati okondedwa, sazindikiranso ulamuliro wa dokotala, koma amangokambirana. Madokotala ena amakhumudwa ndi izi, amangomva chisoni mwaumunthu. Ndipo mu ubalewu, malingaliro ali mbali zonse ziwiri: dokotala wokhumudwa ndi wotopa yemwe amakumana ndi wodwala mwamantha ndi kuzunzika kwakukulu ndizochitika zomwe sizingathandize kumanga maubwenzi apamtima, pali mikangano yambiri, mantha apakati kapena palibe chifukwa. izo.
Tikudziwa kuchokera ku kampeni yochitidwa ndi KIDS Foundation kuti chomwe chiri chovuta kwambiri pothana ndi odwala ndi kulumikizana ndi mabanja a odwala, ndi makolo a ana omwe amathandizidwa. Ili ndi vuto kwa madokotala ambiri a ana, akatswiri amisala a ana. Dyadi, mwachitsanzo, ubale wa anthu awiri ndi wodwalayo, umakhala wautatu ndi dokotala, wodwala komanso makolo, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi malingaliro akulu kuposa wodwalayo.
Pali mantha ambiri, mantha, mkwiyo ndi chisoni mwa makolo a odwala achinyamata. Ngati apeza dokotala wotopa komanso wokhumudwa, samawona malingaliro a munthu yemwe ali ndi mwana wodwala, koma amangomva kuti akuwukiridwa mopanda chilungamo ndikuyamba kudziteteza, ndiye kuti mbali zonse ziwiri zimachoka ku zochitika zenizeni, maganizo, zofooketsa. ndipo zosabala zimayamba . Ngati dokotala wa ana amakumana ndi zovuta zotere ndi odwala ambiri tsiku lililonse, ndizovuta kwambiri.
Kodi adokotala angachite chiyani zikatero? N’zovuta kuyembekezera kuti kholo la mwana amene akudwala lilamulire nkhawa zake. Sikuti aliyense angachite.
Apa ndipamene njira zochepetsera kukhudzika mtima, mwachitsanzo, zodziwika kuchokera ku kafukufuku wamalonda, zimakhala zothandiza. Koma madokotala samaphunzitsidwa, choncho zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi mapangidwe amatsenga a dokotala wina ndi luso lake.
Pali chinthu chimodzi chovuta kwambiri chomwe sichikambidwa pang'ono: timagwira ntchito ndi anthu amoyo. Anthu amoyowa amatha kutikumbutsa za munthu wina - ife eni kapena wina wapafupi kwa ife. Ndikudziwa nkhani ya dokotala yemwe adayamba kuchita zachipatala koma sanathe kupirira kuti panali anthu amsinkhu wake omwe amamwalira pawodi, adadziwika nawo kwambiri ndikuvutika, ndipo pamapeto pake adasintha ukadaulo.
Ngati dokotala adzizindikiritsa yekha ndi wodwalayo ndi mavuto ake, akukumana ndi mkhalidwe wake payekha, kukhudzidwa kwake kumasiya kukhala kwabwino. Izi zimavulaza wodwalayo komanso dokotala mwiniwake.
Mu psychology pali lingaliro la "wochiritsa wovulazidwa" kuti munthu yemwe amagwira ntchito mwaukadaulo pothandiza, nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi kunyalanyazidwa, kudzivulaza ali mwana. Mwachitsanzo, ali mwana, ankafunika kusamalira munthu wodwala komanso wofunika chisamaliro. Anthu oterowo angakhale ndi chizoloŵezi chosamalira ena ndi kunyalanyaza zosoŵa zawo.
Madokotala ayenera kudziwa - ngakhale sizikhala choncho nthawi zonse - kuti njira yotereyi ilipo komanso kuti akhoza kuigwiritsa ntchito. Ayenera kuphunzitsidwa kuzindikira mikhalidwe yomwe amadutsa malire a kudzipereka. Izi zitha kuphunziridwa pamaphunziro osiyanasiyana ofewa komanso misonkhano ndi katswiri wama psychologist.
Lipoti la KIDS Foundation likuwonetsa kuti pali zambiri zoti zichitike mu ubale wa dokotala ndi wodwala. Kodi nchiyani chimene mbali zonse ziŵiri zingachite kuti chigwirizano chawo m’kuchitira mwana kukhala chobala zipatso, chopanda malingaliro oipa ameneŵa?
Pachifukwa ichi, "Phunziro Lalikulu la zipatala za ana" la KIDS Foundation linapangidwanso. Chifukwa cha zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kwa makolo, madokotala ndi ogwira ntchito m'chipatala, mazikowo adzatha kupereka ndondomeko ya kusintha komwe kungapangitse njira yopita kuchipatala ya odwala achinyamata. Kafukufukuyu akupezeka pa https://badaniekids.webankieta.pl/. Pazifukwa zake, lipoti lidzakonzedwa, lomwe silidzangofotokozera mwachidule malingaliro ndi zochitika za anthuwa, komanso kupereka ndondomeko yeniyeni ya kusintha kwa zipatala kukhala malo ochezeka kwa ana ndi madokotala.
Ndipotu si dokotala kapena kholo limene lingachite zambiri. Zambiri zitha kuchitika mwadongosolo.
Pamene akulowa muubwenzi, kholo ndi dokotala amamva zowawa zamphamvu chifukwa cha bungwe la chithandizo chamankhwala. Kholo lidakwiya ndi mkwiyo, chifukwa adadikirira nthawi yayitali kuti acheze, sanathe kugunda, panali chipwirikiti, adamutumiza pakati pa madotolo, pali mzere wapachipatala ndi chimbudzi chakuda chovuta kugwiritsa ntchito. ,ndipo mayi uja paolandila alendo anali wamwano. Dokotala, kumbali ina, ali ndi wodwala makumi awiri pa tsiku loperekedwa ndi mzere wautali wochuluka, kuphatikizapo kusintha kwa usiku ndi zolemba zambiri kuti asindikize pa kompyuta, chifukwa analibe nthawi yochitira kale.
Kumayambiriro, amayandikirana ndi katundu wambiri, ndipo mkhalidwe wa msonkhano ndiwo nsonga ya mavuto. Ndikuona kuti zambiri zingatheke m’dera limene kusonkhanaku kumachitikira ndiponso mmene zinthu zimayendera.
Zambiri zingatheke kutsimikizira kuti kukhudzana kwa dokotala ndi kholo kumakhala kwaubwenzi kwa otenga nawo mbali muunansi umenewu. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi kusintha kwadongosolo. Chachiwiri - kuphunzitsa madokotala kuti apirire malingaliro, kuti asalole kukwera kwawo, awa ndi luso lapadera lomwe lingakhale lothandiza kwa aliyense, osati madokotala okha. Mfundoyi ndi yakuti muzochitika zamphamvu - zonse payekha ndi mbali inayo - dokotala ayenera kubwerera kumbuyo ndikulowa m'malo owonera. Tayang'anani mayi wamwanayo akukuwa ndipo musaganize za kumukwiyitsa ndikumugwira, koma mvetsetsani kuti wakhumudwa kwambiri chifukwa amaopa mwanayo, ndipo wolemba nyimboyo adamukalipira, sanapeze malo oimika magalimoto. sanapeze nduna, adadikirira nthawi yayitali kuti acheze. Ndipo nenani: Ndikuwona kuti ndinu wamanjenje, ndikumvetsetsa, ndingakhale wamanjenje, koma tiyeni tiganizire zomwe tiyenera kuchita. Zinthu izi ndi zophunzirira.
Madokotala ndi anthu, ali ndi zovuta za moyo wawo, zochitika zaubwana, zolemetsa. Psychotherapy ndi chida chothandiza podzisamalira, ndipo anzanga ambiri amachigwiritsa ntchito. Kuchiza kumathandiza kwambiri kuti musatengere malingaliro a munthu wina payekha, kumakuphunzitsani kudzisamalira nokha, kumvetsera pamene mukumva zoipa, samalani bwino, khalani ndi tchuthi. Tikawona kuti thanzi lathu la m’maganizo likuipiraipira, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala wa zamaganizo, osati kuchedwetsa. Basi.