Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
| Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
| Mtengo wa calorie | Tsamba 65 | Tsamba 1684 | 3.9% | 6% | 2591 ga |
| Mapuloteni | 3.2 ga | 76 ga | 4.2% | 6.5% | 2375 ga |
| mafuta | 3.6 ga | 56 ga | 6.4% | 9.8% | 1556 ga |
| Zakudya | 4.8 ga | 219 ga | 2.2% | 3.4% | 4563 ga |
| Water | 87.3 ga | 2273 ga | 3.8% | 5.8% | 2604 ga |
| ash | 0.7 ga | ~ | |||
| mavitamini | |||||
| Vitamini A, RE | Makilogalamu 30 | Makilogalamu 900 | 3.3% | 5.1% | 3000 ga |
| Retinol | 0.03 mg | ~ | |||
| beta carotenes | 0.02 mg | 5 mg | 0.4% | 0.6% | 25000 ga |
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.04 mg | 1.5 mg | 2.7% | 4.2% | 3750 ga |
| Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.15 mg | 1.8 mg | 8.3% | 12.8% | 1200 ga |
| Vitamini B4, choline | 23.6 mg | 500 mg | 4.7% | 7.2% | 2119 ga |
| Vitamini B5, pantothenic | 0.38 mg | 5 mg | 7.6% | 11.7% | 1316 ga |
| Vitamini B6, pyridoxine | 0.05 mg | 2 mg | 2.5% | 3.8% | 4000 ga |
| Vitamini B9, folate | Makilogalamu 5 | Makilogalamu 400 | 1.3% | 2% | 8000 ga |
| Vitamini B12, cobalamin | Makilogalamu 0.4 | Makilogalamu 3 | 13.3% | 20.5% | 750 ga |
| Vitamini C, ascorbic | 1.5 mg | 90 mg | 1.7% | 2.6% | 6000 ga |
| Vitamini D, calciferol | Makilogalamu 0.05 | Makilogalamu 10 | 0.5% | 0.8% | 20000 ga |
| Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 0.09 mg | 15 mg | 0.6% | 0.9% | 16667 ga |
| Vitamini H, biotin | Makilogalamu 3.2 | Makilogalamu 50 | 6.4% | 9.8% | 1563 ga |
| Vitamini PP, NO | 1.2296 mg | 20 mg | 6.1% | 9.4% | 1627 ga |
| niacin | 0.1 mg | ~ | |||
| Ma Macronutrients | |||||
| Potaziyamu, K | 146 mg | 2500 mg | 5.8% | 8.9% | 1712 ga |
| Calcium, CA | 120 mg | 1000 mg | 12% | 18.5% | 833 ga |
| Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 14 mg | 400 mg | 3.5% | 5.4% | 2857 ga |
| Sodium, Na | 50 mg | 1300 mg | 3.8% | 5.8% | 2600 ga |
| Sulufule, S | 29 mg | 1000 mg | 2.9% | 4.5% | 3448 ga |
| Phosphorus, P. | 90 mg | 800 mg | 11.3% | 17.4% | 889 ga |
| Mankhwala, Cl | 110 mg | 2300 mg | 4.8% | 7.4% | 2091 ga |
| Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
| Zotayidwa, Al | Makilogalamu 50 | ~ | |||
| Iron, Faith | 0.067 mg | 18 mg | 0.4% | 0.6% | 26866 ga |
| Ayodini, ine | Makilogalamu 9 | Makilogalamu 150 | 6% | 9.2% | 1667 ga |
| Cobalt, Co. | Makilogalamu 0.8 | Makilogalamu 10 | 8% | 12.3% | 1250 ga |
| Manganese, Mn | 0.006 mg | 2 mg | 0.3% | 0.5% | 33333 ga |
| Mkuwa, Cu | Makilogalamu 12 | Makilogalamu 1000 | 1.2% | 1.8% | 8333 ga |
| Mzinda wa Molybdenum, Mo. | Makilogalamu 5 | Makilogalamu 70 | 7.1% | 10.9% | 1400 ga |
| Kutsogolera, Sn | Makilogalamu 13 | ~ | |||
| Selenium, Ngati | Makilogalamu 2 | Makilogalamu 55 | 3.6% | 5.5% | 2750 ga |
| Olimba, Sr. | Makilogalamu 17 | ~ | |||
| Zamadzimadzi, F | Makilogalamu 20 | Makilogalamu 4000 | 0.5% | 0.8% | 20000 ga |
| Chrome, Kr | Makilogalamu 2 | Makilogalamu 50 | 4% | 6.2% | 2500 ga |
| Nthaka, Zn | 0.4 mg | 12 mg | 3.3% | 5.1% | 3000 ga |
| Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
| galactose | 0.016 ga | ~ | |||
| Shuga (dextrose) | 0.02 ga | ~ | |||
| lactose | 4.8 ga | ~ | |||
| Amino Acids Ofunika | 1.385 ga | ~ | |||
| Arginine * | 0.122 ga | ~ | |||
| valine | 0.191 ga | ~ | |||
| Mbiri * | 0.09 ga | ~ | |||
| Isoleucine | 0.189 ga | ~ | |||
| nyalugwe | 0.283 ga | ~ | |||
| lysine | 0.261 ga | ~ | |||
| methionine | 0.083 ga | ~ | |||
| threonine | 0.153 ga | ~ | |||
| tryptophan | 0.05 ga | ~ | |||
| chithuvj | 0.175 ga | ~ | |||
| Amino acid osinthika | 1.759 ga | ~ | |||
| alanine | 0.098 ga | ~ | |||
| Aspartic asidi | 0.219 ga | ~ | |||
| glycine | 0.047 ga | ~ | |||
| Asidi a Glutamic | 0.509 ga | ~ | |||
| Mapuloteni | 0.278 ga | ~ | |||
| serine | 0.186 ga | ~ | |||
| tyrosin | 0.184 ga | ~ | |||
| Cysteine | 0.026 ga | ~ | |||
| sterols | |||||
| Cholesterol | 10 mg | pa 300 mg | |||
| Mafuta okhutira | |||||
| Mafuta okhutira | 2.15 ga | maulendo 18.7 г | |||
| 4: 0 wochuluka | 0.11 ga | ~ | |||
| 6: 0 nayiloni | 0.08 ga | ~ | |||
| 8: 0 Wopanga | 0.04 ga | ~ | |||
| 10: 0 Kapuli | 0.09 ga | ~ | |||
| 12: 0 Zolemba | 0.1 ga | ~ | |||
| 14: 0 Zachinsinsi | 0.51 ga | ~ | |||
| 16: 0 Palmitic | 0.64 ga | ~ | |||
| 17-0 margarine | 0.02 ga | ~ | |||
| 18: 0 Stearin | 0.35 ga | ~ | |||
| 20:0 Chiarachinic | 0.04 ga | ~ | |||
| Monounsaturated mafuta zidulo | 1.06 ga | Mphindi 16.8 г | 6.3% | 9.7% | |
| 14:1 Miristoleic | 0.05 ga | ~ | |||
| 16: 1 Palmitoleic | 0.09 ga | ~ | |||
| 18:1 Olein (omega-9) | 0.78 ga | ~ | |||
| Mafuta a Polyunsaturated acids | 0.21 ga | kuchokera 11.2 mpaka 20.6 | 1.9% | 2.9% | |
| 18: 2 Linoleic | 0.09 ga | ~ | |||
| 18: 3 Wachisoni | 0.03 ga | ~ | |||
| 20:4 Arachidonic | 0.09 ga | ~ | |||
| Omega-3 mafuta acids | 0.03 ga | kuchokera 0.9 mpaka 3.7 | 3.3% | 5.1% | |
| Omega-6 mafuta acids | 0.18 ga | kuchokera 4.7 mpaka 16.8 | 3.8% | 5.8% |
Mphamvu ndi 65 kcal.
- vitamini B12 imachita gawo lofunikira pakusintha kwama metabolism ndikusintha kwa amino acid. Folate ndi vitamini B12 ndi mavitamini ogwirizana ndipo amatenga nawo mbali pakupanga magazi. Kusowa kwa vitamini B12 kumabweretsa kukulira kuchepa kwa tsankho kapena sekondale, komanso kuchepa kwa magazi, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
- kashiamu ndiye gawo lalikulu la mafupa athu, amakhala ngati wolamulira wamanjenje, amatenga nawo gawo pakumapindika kwa minofu. Kulephera kwa calcium kumabweretsa demineralization ya msana, mafupa amchiuno ndi kumapeto kwenikweni, kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kufooka kwa mafupa.
- Phosphorus amatenga nawo gawo pazinthu zambiri zakuthupi, kuphatikiza mphamvu yamagetsi, kuwongolera kuyamwa kwa asidi, ndi gawo la phospholipids, nucleotides ndi nucleic acid, ndikofunikira pakuchepetsa mafupa ndi mano. Kuperewera kumabweretsa matenda a anorexia, kuchepa magazi, ziphuphu.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.