Revascularization ndi njira yopangira opaleshoni yomwe cholinga chake ndi kubwezeretsa kuzungulira kwa magazi. Kusayenda bwino kwa magazi, pang'ono kapena kwathunthu, kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda a coronary.

Revascularization imaphatikizapo njira zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a coronary. Awa ndi maopaleshoni omwe cholinga chake ndi kubwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi. Kusintha kwa magazi kumatha kukhala pang'onopang'ono kapena kwathunthu. Revascularization yathandiza m'zaka zaposachedwa kuti moyo ukhale wabwino komanso kutalika kwa moyo wa odwala omwe akudwala matenda amtima. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya coronary syndrome momwe revascularization ingagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Acute coronary syndrome

Acute coronary syndrome imayamba chifukwa cha kutsekeka pang'ono kapena kwathunthu kwa mtsempha wamagazi. Kutsekeka kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa zolengeza za atheroma, zomwe ndi gawo la zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga mafuta, magazi, minofu ya fibrous kapena ma depositi a laimu, mbali ya khoma lamkati la mtsempha. Atheroma plaques nthawi zambiri amakhala zotsatira za cholesterol choipa, shuga, fodya, matenda oopsa kapena kunenepa kwambiri. Nthawi zina chidutswa cha chipikacho chimasweka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi aziundana, ndikutsekereza mtsempha wamagazi. Acute coronary syndrome imaphatikizapo zochitika ziwiri zosiyana zamtima:

• Angina, kapena angina pectoris, ndi kutsekeka pang'ono kwa mitsempha. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi kupweteka kwa sternum, monga kutsekeka, mphuno mu chifuwa. Angina amatha kuchitika popuma kapena chifukwa chochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kutengeka mtima, ndikupita kukapuma. Ndikofunika kuyitana 15 muzochitika zonsezi;
• Myocardial infarction, kapena matenda a mtima, ndiko kutsekeka kwathunthu kwa mtsempha wamagazi. Myocardium ndi minofu ya mtima yomwe imayambitsa kugundana. Matenda a mtima amamveka ngati zilonda pachifuwa ndipo amafunika kuthandizidwa mwamsanga.

Chronic coronary syndrome

Chronic coronary syndrome ndi matenda amtima okhazikika. Zitha kukhala zokhazikika angina pectoris zomwe zimafunikira ngakhale kutsatiridwa kulikonse kuphatikiza chithandizo chazizindikiro ndi kupewa kupewa kuukira kwina. Mu 2017, zidakhudza anthu 1,5 miliyoni ku France.

Pankhani ya pachimake coronary syndrome, madokotala adzachita mwachangu revascularization kuti abwezeretse kuzungulira kwa magazi momwe angathere mumtsempha wotsekeka pang'ono kapena kwathunthu.

Pankhani ya matenda aakulu a coronary syndrome, revascularization ikuchitika ngati phindu lomwe likuyembekezeredwa likuposa chiopsezo cha wodwalayo. Itha kuchitidwa pazifukwa ziwiri:

• kuchepa kapena kutha kwa zizindikiro za angina;
• kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda aakulu a mtima monga infarction kapena mtima kulephera.

Revascularization ikhoza kuchitidwa ndi njira ziwiri: opaleshoni ya coronary bypass kapena angioplasty.

Opaleshoni ya Coronary bypass

Opaleshoni ya Coronary bypass imaphatikizapo kupanga njira yodutsa m'magazi kuti apatse mtima magazi okwanira. Pachifukwa ichi, mtsempha kapena mtsempha umayikidwa kumtunda kwa malo otsekedwa kuti magazi aziyenda kudutsa chopingacho. Mtsempha kapena mitsempha nthawi zambiri imatengedwa kuchokera kwa wodwalayo. Gawo lotsekeka limathanso kulambalalidwa ndi vascular prosthesis.

Angioplasty

Angioplasty imaphatikizapo kulowetsa catheter kapena probe yaing'ono mu mtsempha wa m'manja kapena m'chiuno. Kufufuzako kumachititsa kuti adziwe buluni yaying'ono yomwe idzawonjezedwe pamtunda wa chotchinga. Buluniyo imakulitsa kukula kwa mtsempha wamagazi ndikuchotsa magaziwo. Kuwongolera kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino baluni ikachotsedwa. Nthawi zambiri, angioplasty imatsagana ndi kuyika kwa stent. Ichi ndi kasupe kakang'ono kamene kamalowetsedwa mu mtsempha kuti usatseguke.

Pankhani ya angina kapena angina pectoris, revascularization idzachitika mkati mwa maola 6 mpaka 8 mutatha kutsekeka kuti mupewe kutulutsa poizoni m'dera lomwe mukufunsidwa ndikupewa zomwe zingachitike kwa mfumukazi.

Kuyenda kwa magazi kumayambiranso monga momwe kungathekere, ndikuchedwa pang'ono kapena kwautali malingana ndi kuopsa kwa vutolo. Chithandizo chimayikidwa kuti muchepetse zizindikiro ndikuletsa kuyambika kwa kuukira kwina kapena kuwonjezereka kwa matenda amtima. Nthawi zonse, kuwunika pafupipafupi kwa cardiologist kumalimbikitsidwanso.

Kuti muchepetse chiwopsezo cha kutsekeka kwatsopano, ndikofunikira kuwongolera zowopsa momwe mungathere:

• kusiya kusuta;
• kuwongolera matenda a shuga;
• kuwongolera cholesterol yoyipa;
• wokhazikika arterial matenda oopsa.

Zotsatira zosafunika za revascularization zimadalira njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso mtundu wa mankhwala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi katswiri wamtima. Ngati mukukumana ndi chizindikiro chimodzi kapena china, chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhula ndi dokotala.