Reye's syndrome ndi matenda osowa osatupa omwe amatha kuwononga kwambiri chiwindi ndi ubongo. Ngati matendawa sanachiritsidwe msanga, angayambitse ubongo kuwonongeka kosasinthika kapena ngakhale kupha munthu.

Anthu omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matenda a Reye ndi ana komanso achinyamata osakwanitsa zaka 20. Komabe, milandu ya okalamba yadziwika kale. (1)

Kuchuluka kwa matendawa ku France (chiwerengero cha matendawa panthawi yoperekedwa, mwa anthu opatsidwa) ndi milandu 0.08 pa ana 100 aliwonse.

Ulalo woyambitsa ndi zotsatira waperekedwa ku United States pomwa aspirin komanso kukula kwa Reye's syndrome.

Kulumikizana uku kudawunikidwa ku France (pakati pa 1995 ndi 1996). Omalizawa adalola kalembera wa ana 8 osakwana zaka 15 akudwala matendawa ndikumwa aspirin. Kufunsidwa kwa chiwopsezo cha phindu / chiwopsezo cha aspirin sikunali kothandiza ngakhale kunali chenjezo. Izi makamaka kwa mankhwala a aspirin nkhawa ana ndi tizilombo matenda, monga nkhuku, fuluwenza, etc.

Pachifukwa ichi, bungwe la ANSM (National Agency for Health and Medicines) lakhazikitsa mfundo yakuti acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) sayenera kuperekedwa kwa ana omwe ali ndi kachilombo kameneka pokhapokha ngati njira zina zonse zalephera. . Komanso, ngati kusanza, kusokonezeka kwa ubongo, kusokonezeka kwa chidziwitso kapena khalidwe lachilendo, mankhwalawa ayenera kuthetsedwa. (3)

Zizindikiro zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa kwambiri ndi Reye's syndrome ndi: (1)

- kusanza popanda chifukwa;

- ulesi: kusowa chidwi, chidwi ndi mphamvu;

- kugona;

- kuwonjezeka kupuma;

- matenda a khunyu.

Zizindikiro za "zambiri" izi nthawi zambiri zimawonekera patangopita masiku ochepa kuchokera pamene kachilomboka kamafalikira.

Nthawi zina, zizindikiro zoyambazi zimatha kukhala zovuta kwambiri: (1)

- kusokonezeka kwa umunthu: kukwiya, kukwiya, khalidwe laukali, etc.;

- mkhalidwe wachisokonezo ndi nkhawa zomwe nthawi zina zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ziwonetsero;

- kutaya chidziwitso komwe kungayambitse chikomokere.

Kukaonana ndi dokotala kuyenera kukhala koyambirira kukayikira za matendawa mwa mwana.

Ngakhale mitundu iyi yazizindikiro sizimalumikizidwa kwenikweni ndi matenda a Reye, ndikofunikira kutsimikizira lingalirolo kuti mutsimikizire kapena ayi kukula kwa matendawo. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuchenjeza dokotala za zotheka kumwa aspirin paubwana zomwe zingagwirizane ndi chitukuko cha matendawa. Komanso, ngati mwanayo sanakhalepo ndi mankhwala a aspirin m'mbuyomu, mwayi wa chitukuko cha matendawa ukhoza kuchotsedwa. (1)

Magwero enieni a Reye's syndrome sakudziwika pano. Komabe, nthawi zambiri za matendawa zimakhudza ana ndi achichepere (osakwana zaka 20) akuchira ku matenda a virus, makamaka chimfine kapena nkhuku. Kuonjezera apo, odwalawa anali ndi mankhwala a aspirin pochiza matendawa. M'lingaliro limeneli, chithandizo cha aspirin wa virosis chimapangitsa kukhala chifukwa chomwe chimapezeka kawirikawiri.

 Chinthu chowonjezera pakukula kwa matendawa kumabweretsa timagulu tating'ono mkati mwa maselo: mitochondria, yomwe imawonongeka.

Mapangidwe a ma cellwa amapereka mphamvu yofunikira kuti ma cell apangidwe. Ndiwofunika makamaka kuti chiwindi chizigwira ntchito moyenera. Zowonadi, mitochondria imasefanso poizoni kuchokera m'magazi ndipo imagwiranso ntchito pakuwongolera shuga wamagazi (shuga) m'thupi.

Pankhani yomwe njira zoyendetsera chiwindi zimakhudzidwa, chiwindi chikhoza kuwonongeka. Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi kumachitika chifukwa chopanga mankhwala oopsa. Podutsa m'magazi, poizoniyu amatha kuwononga chamoyo chonse komanso makamaka ubongo. (1)

Matenda ena amathanso kuyambitsa zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi matenda a Reye. M'lingaliro limeneli, matenda a mtundu uwu wa matenda akhoza kuthetsedwa nthawi zina. Ma pathologies ena ndi awa:

- meningitis: kutupa kwa nembanemba zoteteza ku ubongo ndi msana;

- encephalitis: kutupa kwa ubongo;

- matenda omwe amaphatikiza zovuta za kagayidwe kachakudya zomwe zimakhudza momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi: acyl-CoA medium chain dehydrogenase (MCDD).

Choopsa chachikulu cha Reye's Syndrome ndicho kumwa aspirin pochiza matenda a chimfine kapena nkhuku mwa ana kapena achikulire.

Kuzindikira kwa matendawa kumayamba ndi kuzindikira kosiyana chifukwa cha zizindikiro zomwe wodwalayo amakumana nazo komanso mbiri yake, makamaka ponena za kumwa aspirin panthawi ya chithandizo cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kusanthula magazi ndi mkodzo kungathandizenso kuti munthu adziwe kuti ali ndi matenda a Reye m'lingaliro lakuti poizoni omwe amapezeka m'matendawa amapezeka m'madzi am'thupi. Kukhalapo kwa zinthu zovulaza izi kwa thupi ndiko kumayambitsa matenda a chiwindi.

Mayesero ena angakhalenso chinthu chowonetsera syndrome:

- scanner, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ziwonetsere kutupa kulikonse mu ubongo;

- lumbar puncture, pomwe chitsanzo cha cerebrospinal fluid chimatengedwa kuchokera ku msana ndikuwunikiridwa kuti awone ngati pali mabakiteriya kapena mavairasi;

- chiwopsezo cha chiwindi, momwe minyewa ya chiwindi imatengedwa ndikuwunikiridwa pansi pa maikulosikopu kuti adziwe kupezeka kapena kusapezeka kwa maselo okhudzana ndi matenda a Reye.

Chithandizo cha matendawa chiyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga pamene matenda apangidwa.

Cholinga cha chithandizo ndi kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndi kulola ziwalo zofunika kuchita ntchito zawo komanso kuteteza ubongo ku kuwonongeka komwe kungabweretse matenda.

Mankhwala ambiri amatha kuperekedwa, nthawi zambiri kudzera m'mitsempha, monga:

- ma electrolyte ndi madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kubwezeretsa mchere, mchere ndi zakudya m'thupi (makamaka glycemia m'magazi);

- diuretics: kuthandizira chiwindi kugwira ntchito kwake;

- ammonia detoxifiers;

- anticonvulsants, pochiza khunyu.

Thandizo lopuma lingaperekedwenso pamene mwanayo amavutika kupuma.

Kutupa kwa muubongo kukachepa, ntchito zina zofunika kwambiri za thupi zimabwerera mwakale. (1)