Kodi n'kwabwino kupezerera ana "chifukwa cha zolinga zabwino", kapena ndi chifukwa chongokhalira kukhumudwa? Kodi nkhanza za makolo zidzapangitsa mwana kukhala "munthu" kapena zidzapundula psyche? Mafunso ovuta komanso nthawi zina osamasuka. Koma ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa.
"Maphunziro amakhudza mwadongosolo kakulidwe ka maganizo ndi thupi la ana, kupangidwa kwa makhalidwe awo abwino powakhazikitsira malamulo oyenera a khalidwe" (dictionary yofotokozera ya TF Efremova).
Asanakumane ndi bambo ake, panali «miniti». Ndipo nthawi iliyonse iyi «mphindi» inatenga mosiyana: izo zonse zimadalira mmene mwamsanga iye kusuta ndudu. Asanapite pakhonde, bamboyo anapempha mwana wake wamwamuna wazaka XNUMX kuti akachite nawo masewera. Ndipotu, akhala akusewera tsiku lililonse kuyambira pamene wophunzira woyamba adapatsidwa homuweki. Masewerawa anali ndi malamulo angapo: mu nthawi yomwe atate wapatsidwa, muyenera kumaliza ntchitoyi, simungathe kukana masewerawo, ndipo, chochititsa chidwi kwambiri, wotayika amalandira chilango chakuthupi.
Vitya ankavutika kuti athetse vuto la masamu, koma maganizo okhudza chilango chomwe ankayembekezera masiku ano chimamusokoneza nthawi zonse. "Pafupifupi theka la miniti yadutsa kuchokera pamene abambo anga anapita ku khonde, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pali nthawi yothetsa chitsanzo ichi asanamalize kusuta," Vitya anaganiza ndikuyang'ana kumbuyo pakhomo. Theka lina la mphindi linadutsa, koma mnyamatayo sanathe kusonkhanitsa maganizo ake. Dzulo adachita mwai kutsika ndi mbama zochepa chabe kumutu. "Masamu opusa," Vitya adaganiza ndikulingalira momwe zingakhalire ngati kulibe.
Panadutsa masekondi ena XNUMX bambowo asanayandikire kumbuyo kwawo mwakachetechete, n’kuika dzanja lake pamutu pa mwana wakeyo, n’kuyamba kusisita mofatsa ndi mwachikondi, ngati mmene kholo lachikondi limachitira. M'mawu ofatsa, adafunsa Viti wamng'ono ngati njira yothetsera vutoli inali yokonzeka, ndipo, ngati kuti akudziwa yankho lake pasadakhale, adayimitsa dzanja lake kumbuyo kwa mutu wake. Mnyamatayo anang'ung'udza kuti nthawi inali yochepa, ndipo ntchitoyi inali yovuta kwambiri. Zitatha izi, maso a bambowo anasanduka magazi, ndipo anafinya kwambiri tsitsi la mwana wake.
Vitya anadziŵa zimene zidzachitike pambuyo pake, ndipo anayamba kukuwa kuti: “Atate, atate, musatero! Ndisankha chilichonse, chonde musatero »
Koma zopemphazi zinadzutsa chidani chokha, ndipo bamboyo anasangalala ndi iyemwini, kuti anali ndi mphamvu yogunda mwana wake ndi mutu pa bukhu lophunzirira. Ndiyeno mobwerezabwereza, mpaka magazi anayamba kutuluka. “Zodabwitsa ngati sungakhale mwana wanga,” anadzudzula motero, nasiya mutu wa mwanayo. Mnyamatayo, kudzera m'misozi yomwe adayesa kubisala kwa abambo ake, adayamba kugwira madontho amagazi kuchokera m'mphuno ndi manja ake, akugwera pabukulo. Magaziwo anali chizindikiro chakuti masewerawa atha lero ndipo Vitya adaphunzira phunziro lake.
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Nkhaniyi inandiuzidwa ndi mnzanga yemwe mwina ndimamudziwa kwa moyo wanga wonse. Tsopano amagwira ntchito yaudokotala ndipo amakumbukira zaka zake zaubwana akumwetulira. Akuti ndiye, ali mwana, adayenera kupita kusukulu yamtundu wina. Palibe tsiku lomwe bambo ake sanamumenye. Panthawiyo, khololo linali litakhala zaka zingapo lova ndipo linali kuyang’anira nyumbayo. Ntchito zake zinkaphatikizaponso kulera mwana wake.
Mayiyo anali pa ntchito kuyambira m’mawa mpaka madzulo ndipo poona mabala a pathupi la mwana wawoyo, sanafune kuwaika kukhala ofunika.
Sayansi imadziŵa kuti mwana wosasangalala ali ndi zikumbukiro zoyamba kuyambira ali ndi zaka ziwiri ndi theka. Bambo a mnzanga anayamba kundimenya ndili wamng’ono kwambiri, chifukwa ankakhulupirira kuti amuna ayenera kukulira m’zowawa ndi kuzunzika, kuyambira ali mwana kukonda zowawa ngati maswiti. Mnzanga anakumbukira bwino nthawi yoyamba pamene bambo ake anayamba kukwiyitsa mzimu wa wankhondo mwa iye: Vitya anali asanakwanitse zaka zitatu.
Ali pakhonde, bambo anga anaona mmene anafikira kwa ana omwe ankayatsa moto pabwalo, ndipo ndi mawu aukali anawalamula kuti apite kwawo. Mwa mawu, Vitya anazindikira kuti chinachake choipa chinali pafupi kuchitika, ndipo anayesa kukwera masitepe pang'onopang'ono. Mnyamatayo atayandikira chitseko cha nyumba yake, chinatseguka mwadzidzidzi, ndipo dzanja la bambo wankhanza linamugwira pakhomo.
Monga chidole cha chiguduli, ndikuyenda kumodzi mwachangu komanso mwamphamvu, kholo linaponya mwana wake mukhonde la nyumbayo, momwe iye, wopanda nthawi yoti adzuke pansi, adamuyika mokakamiza pamiyendo inayi. Bamboyo mwamsanga anamasula nsana wa mwana wawo ku jekete ndi juzi. Atachotsa lamba wake wachikopa, anayamba kumenya pamsana wamwana wamng’onoyo mpaka unasanduka wofiira kwambiri. Mwanayo analira ndi kuitana amayi ake, koma pazifukwa zina anaganiza kuti asachoke m’chipinda china.
Wanthanthi wotchuka wa ku Switzerland, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, anati: “Kuvutika ndi chinthu choyamba chimene mwana ayenera kuphunzira, ndicho chimene ayenera kudziŵa kwambiri. Wopuma ndi woganiza ayenera kulira. Ndimagwirizana pang'ono ndi Rousseau.
Ululu ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la moyo wa munthu, komanso liyenera kukhalapo pa njira ya kukula, koma pita limodzi ndi chikondi cha makolo.
Yemwe Vita adasowa kwambiri. Ana amene anaona chikondi chopanda dyera cha makolo awo ali ana amakula kukhala anthu achimwemwe. Vitya anakulira osatha kukonda ndi kumvera ena chisoni. Kumenyedwa kosalekeza ndi kuchititsidwa manyazi ndi atate wake ndi kusoŵa chitetezo kwa wankhanza wa amayi ake kunampangitsa kukhala wosungulumwa. Mukapeza zambiri pachabe, mikhalidwe yocheperako ya umunthu imakhalabe mwa inu, pakapita nthawi mumasiya chifundo, chikondi, ndikukhala okonda ena.
“Ndinasiyidwa kotheratu ku kuleredwa kwa atate wanga, wopanda chikondi ndi ulemu, ndinatsala pang’ono kufa, osakaikira. Zikadathabe kuyimitsidwa, wina akanasiya kuvutika kwanga posachedwa, koma tsiku lililonse ndimazikhulupirira mochepa. Ndazolowera kuchititsidwa manyazi.
M'kupita kwa nthawi, ndinazindikira: pang'onopang'ono ndikupempha bambo anga, amasiya mofulumira kundimenya. Ngati sindingathe kuletsa ululuwo, ndingophunzira kusangalala nazo. Bambo anakakamizika kukhala ndi moyo mogwirizana ndi lamulo la nyama, kugonjera ku mantha ndi chibadwa kuti apulumuke pa mtengo uliwonse. Anandipangira galu wochita masewera ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, yemwe ankadziwa ndi maso ake kuti amenyedwe. Mwa njira, njira yaikulu yolererayo inkaoneka kuti si yoopsa komanso yopweteka poyerekeza ndi zochitika zomwe abambo adabwera kunyumba ataledzera kwambiri. Ndi pamene mantha enieni anayamba, "akukumbukira Vitya.