Wogwiritsa ntchito "IF" mu Microsoft Excel: ntchito ndi zitsanzo

Excel, inde, ili ndi magwiridwe antchito olemera kwambiri. Ndipo pakati pa zida zambiri zosiyanasiyana, wogwiritsa ntchito "IF" ali ndi malo apadera. Zimathandiza kuthetsa ntchito zosiyana kwambiri, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito amatembenukira ku ntchitoyi nthawi zambiri kuposa ena.

M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana za "IF" woyendetsa ndi kuganizira kukula ndi mfundo ntchito ndi.

Tanthauzo la ntchito ya "IF" ndi cholinga chake

Wogwiritsa ntchito "IF" ndi chida cha pulogalamu ya Excel chowunikira mkhalidwe wina (mawu omveka) kuti akwaniritse.

Ndiko kuti, tiyerekeze kuti tili ndi chikhalidwe china. Ntchito ya "IF" ndikuwunika ngati mkhalidwe womwe wapatsidwa wakwaniritsidwa ndikutulutsa mtengo kutengera zotsatira za cheke ku cell yokhala ndi ntchitoyo.

1. Ngati mawu omveka (mkhalidwe) ndi oona, ndiye kuti mtengo wake ndi wowona.
2. Ngati mawu omveka (mkhalidwe) sakukwaniritsidwa, mtengo wake ndi wabodza.

Fomula yogwira ntchito yokha mu pulogalamuyi ndi mawu awa:

=IF(mkhalidwe, [mtengo ngati mkhalidwe wakwaniritsidwa], [mtengo ngati mkhalidwe sunakwaniritsidwe])

Kugwiritsa ntchito "IF" Ntchito ndi Chitsanzo

Mwina zomwe zili pamwambazi sizingamveke bwino. Koma, kwenikweni, palibe chovuta apa. Ndipo kuti mumvetse bwino cholinga cha ntchitoyi ndi ntchito yake, ganizirani chitsanzo chomwe chili pansipa.

Tili ndi tebulo lokhala ndi mayina a nsapato zamasewera. Tangoganizani kuti posachedwa tigulitsa, ndipo nsapato zonse zazimayi ziyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi 25%. Mu mizati imodzi patebulo, jenda pa chinthu chilichonse changolembedwa.

Ntchito yathu ndikuwonetsa mtengo "25%" mugawo la "Kuchotsera" pamizere yonse yokhala ndi mayina achikazi. Ndipo moyenerera, mtengo ndi "0", ngati gawo la "Jenda" lili ndi mtengo "mwamuna"

Kudzaza deta pamanja kudzatenga nthawi yochuluka, ndipo pali kuthekera kwakukulu kopanga zolakwika kwinakwake, makamaka ngati mndandanda uli wautali. Ndikosavuta pankhaniyi kusinthiratu njirayo pogwiritsa ntchito mawu a "IF".

Kuti mumalize ntchitoyi, muyenera kulemba fomula ili pansipa:

=IF(B2="mkazi",25%,0)

• Mawu a Boolean: B2 = "wamkazi"
• Mtengo ngati zitachitika, mkhalidwewo wakwaniritsidwa (wowona) - 25%
• Mtengo ngati chikhalidwe sichinakwaniritsidwe (chabodza) ndi 0.

Timalemba fomulayi mu selo lapamwamba kwambiri lagawo la "Kuchotsera" ndikusindikiza Enter. Musaiwale kuyika chizindikiro chofanana (=) kutsogolo kwa fomula.

Pambuyo pake, kwa selo ili, zotsatira zake zidzawonetsedwa molingana ndi chikhalidwe chathu chomveka (musaiwale kukhazikitsa mawonekedwe a selo - peresenti). Ngati cheke chikuwonetsa kuti jenda ndi "wamkazi", mtengo wa 25% udzawonetsedwa. Apo ayi, mtengo wa selo udzakhala wofanana ndi 0. Zowona, zomwe timafunikira.

Tsopano zatsala kokha kutengera mawu awa ku mizere yonse. Kuti muchite izi, sunthani cholozera cha mbewa kumunsi kumanja kwa selo ndi fomula. Cholozera mbewa chiyenera kusandulika kukhala mtanda. Gwirani pansi batani lakumanzere la mbewa ndikukokera fomula pamizere yonse yomwe ikufunika kufufuzidwa molingana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa.

Ndizo zonse, tsopano tayika chikhalidwecho pamizere yonse ndikupeza zotsatira za aliyense wa iwo.

Kuyika "IF" ndi zinthu zingapo

Tangoyang'ana chitsanzo chogwiritsa ntchito "IF" wogwiritsa ntchito mawu amodzi a boolean. Koma pulogalamuyi imakhalanso ndi mphamvu yokhazikitsa zinthu zambiri. Pankhaniyi, cheke idzayamba kuchitidwa koyamba, ndipo ngati yapambana, mtengo wokhazikitsidwa udzawonetsedwa nthawi yomweyo. Ndipo pokhapokha ngati mawu oyamba omveka sanakwaniritsidwe, cheke chachiwiri chidzagwira ntchito.

Tiyeni tione tebulo lomwelo monga chitsanzo. Koma nthawi ino, tiyeni tiwonjezere. Tsopano muyenera kuyika kuchotsera pa nsapato zazimayi, malingana ndi masewerawo.

Chinthu choyamba ndi kufufuza jenda. Ngati "mwamuna", mtengo 0 ukuwonetsedwa nthawi yomweyo. Ngati ndi "wamkazi", ndiye kuti chikhalidwe chachiwiri chimayang'aniridwa. Ngati masewerawa akuthamanga - 20%, ngati tennis - 10%.

Tiyeni tilembe chilinganizo cha mikhalidwe imeneyi mu selo lomwe tikufuna.

=ЕСЛИ(B2=”мужской”;0; ЕСЛИ(C2=”бег”;20%;10%))

Timadina Enter ndipo timapeza zotsatira zake malinga ndi zomwe tafotokozazi.

Kenako, timatambasula chilinganizo ku mizere yonse yotsala ya tebulo.

Kukwanilitsidwa kwa zinthu ziwiri panthawi imodzi

Komanso ku Excel pali mwayi wowonetsa deta pakukwaniritsidwa kwanthawi imodzi kwa zinthu ziwiri. Pankhaniyi, mtengowo udzaonedwa ngati wabodza ngati chimodzi mwazofunikira sichinakwaniritsidwe. Kwa ntchito iyi, wogwiritsa ntchito "NDI".

Tiyeni titenge tebulo lathu monga chitsanzo. Tsopano kuchotsera kwa 30% kudzagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati izi ndi nsapato zazimayi ndipo zimapangidwira kuthamanga. Ngati izi zikwaniritsidwa, mtengo wa cell udzakhala wofanana ndi 30% nthawi yomweyo, apo ayi udzakhala 0.

Kuti tichite izi, timagwiritsa ntchito fomula ili:

=IF(NDI(B2=”mkazi”;C2=“kuthamanga”);30%;0)

Dinani batani la Enter kuti muwonetse zotsatira mu selo.

Mofanana ndi zitsanzo zomwe zili pamwambazi, timatambasula ndondomekoyi ku mizere yonse.

OR woyendetsa

Pachifukwa ichi, mtengo wa mawu omveka bwino amaonedwa kuti ndi oona ngati chimodzi mwazofunikira chikukwaniritsidwa. Mkhalidwe wachiwiri sungakhale wokhutitsidwa pankhaniyi.

Tiyeni tiyike vuto motere. 35% kuchotsera kumagwira ntchito pa nsapato zazimuna zokha. Ngati ndi nsapato ya amuna kapena nsapato iliyonse yachikazi, kuchotsera ndi 0.

Pachifukwa ichi, ndondomeko yotsatirayi ndiyofunika:

= NGATI(OR(B2=“mkazi”; C2=“kuthamanga”);0;35%)

Pambuyo pokanikiza Enter, tidzapeza mtengo wofunikira.

Timatambasulira fomula pansi ndipo kuchotsera kwamitundu yonse kwakonzeka.

Momwe mungatanthauzire ntchito za IF pogwiritsa ntchito Formula Builder

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito ya IF osati polemba pamanja mu cell kapena formula bar, komanso kudzera pa Formula Builder.

Tiyeni tiwone momwe zimagwirira ntchito. Tiyerekezenso, monga mu chitsanzo choyamba, tifunika kuchotsera nsapato zonse za akazi pamtengo wa 25%.

1. Timayika cholozera pa cell yomwe tikufuna, pitani ku tabu ya "Formulas", kenako dinani "Insert Function".
2. Pamndandanda wa Formula Builder womwe umatsegulidwa, sankhani "IF" ndikudina "Insert Function".
3. Zenera la zoikamo ntchito limatsegulidwa. M'munda wa "logical expression" timalemba momwe chekeyo idzachitikire. Kwa ife ndi "B2 ="zimayi".

   M'munda "Zowona", lembani mtengo womwe uyenera kuwonetsedwa mu selo ngati chikhalidwecho chikukwaniritsidwa.

   M'munda "Zabodza" - mtengo ngati chikhalidwe sichinakwaniritsidwe.

4. Magawo onse akadzazidwa, dinani "Malizani" kuti mupeze zotsatira.

Kutsiliza

Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino komanso zothandiza mu Excel ndi ntchito IF, yomwe imayang'ana deta kuti ifanane ndi mikhalidwe yomwe timayika ndikupereka zotsatira zake zokha, zomwe zimachotsa kuthekera kwa zolakwika chifukwa cha munthu. Choncho, chidziwitso ndi luso logwiritsa ntchito chida ichi chidzapulumutsa nthawi osati pochita ntchito zambiri, komanso kufufuza zolakwika zomwe zingatheke chifukwa cha "manual" mode.