Chitetezo cha data mu Microsoft Excel

Microsoft Excel imapatsa wogwiritsa ntchito zingapo, zokhazikika, zotetezedwa - kuchokera ku chitetezo chosavuta cha maselo amodzi mpaka kubisa fayilo yonse ndi ma ciphers a crypto-algorithms a banja la RC4. Tiyeni tidutse mmodzimmodzi…

Level 0. Chitetezo kuti musalowetse deta yolakwika mu selo

Njira yosavuta. Zimakulolani kuti muwone zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amalowetsa m'maselo ena ndipo sakulolani kuti mulowetse deta yosavomerezeka (mwachitsanzo, mtengo woipa kapena chiwerengero cha anthu ochepa kapena tsiku la October Revolution m'malo mwa tsiku lomaliza la mgwirizano, ndi zina zotero) Kuti muyike cheke cholowera chotere, muyenera kusankha ma cell ndikusankha tabu Deta (Tsiku) batani Kutsimikiza kwa deta (Kutsimikizika kwa data). Mu Excel 2003 ndi kupitilira apo, izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito menyu Deta - Kutsimikizira (Deta - Kutsimikizika)… Mu tabu magawo kuchokera pamndandanda wotsikira pansi, mutha kusankha mtundu wa data yomwe imaloledwa kulowetsa:

Ma tabu oyandikana ndi zenera ili amalola (ngati angafune) kukhazikitsa mauthenga omwe adzawonekere asanalowe - tabu Lowetsani uthenga (Uthenga Wolowetsa), ndipo ngati alowetsa zolakwika - tabu Uthenga wolakwika (Chidziwitso Cholakwika):

 Gawo 1: Kuteteza Masamba a Mapepala ku Zosintha

Titha kuletsa kwathunthu kapena mwasankha wogwiritsa ntchito kusintha zomwe zili m'maselo a pepala lililonse. Kuti muyike chitetezo chotere, tsatirani algorithm yosavuta:

1. Sankhani maselo kuti palibe chifukwa chodziteteza (ngati alipo), dinani kumanja pa iwo ndikusankha lamulo kuchokera pamenyu yankhani Mawonekedwe a cell (Maselo a Format)… Mu tabu Protection (Chitetezo) tsegulani bokosilo Selo yotetezedwa (Zokhoma). Maselo onse omwe bokosi losankhirali likhalabe losankhidwira adzatetezedwa chitetezo cha pepala chiyatsidwa. Maselo onse omwe mwachotsa chizindikirochi akhoza kusinthidwa ngakhale atetezedwa. Kuti muwone ma cell omwe angatetezedwe komanso omwe sangateteze, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito macro.
2. Kuti muteteze tsamba lomwe lilipo mu Excel 2003 ndi kupitilira apo - sankhani kuchokera pamenyu Service - Chitetezo - Tetezani Mapepala (Zida - Chitetezo - Tetezani tsamba), kapena mu Excel 2007 ndi kenako, dinani Tetezani Mapepala (Tetezani Tsamba) tsamba Kubwereza (Unikani). M'bokosi la zokambirana lomwe limatsegulidwa, mutha kukhazikitsa mawu achinsinsi (adzafunika kuti palibe amene angachotse chitetezo) ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wamabokosi, sinthani, ngati mukufuna, kupatula:

Ndiye kuti, ngati tikufuna kusiya wogwiritsa ntchitoyo, mwachitsanzo, kupanga ma cell otetezedwa komanso osatetezedwa, mabokosi atatu oyamba ayenera kufufuzidwa. Mutha kulolanso ogwiritsa ntchito kusanja, kusefa, ndi zida zina zamatebulo.

Mlingo 2. Kutetezedwa kosankhidwa kwamitundu ya ogwiritsa ntchito osiyanasiyana

Ngati akuganiziridwa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito angapo adzagwira ntchito ndi fayilo, ndipo aliyense wa iwo ayenera kukhala ndi mwayi wopita ku tsamba lawo, ndiye kuti mukhoza kukhazikitsa chitetezo cha pepala ndi mapepala achinsinsi osiyanasiyana amitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Kuti muchite izi, sankhani pa tabu Kubwereza (ndemanga) batani Lolani kusintha magawo (Lolani ogwiritsa ntchito kusintha masinthidwe). Mu Excel 2003 ndi kenako, pali menyu lamulo la izi Service - Chitetezo - Lolani kusintha magawo (Zida - Chitetezo - Lolani ogwiritsa ntchito kusintha magawo):

Pazenera lomwe likuwoneka, dinani batani Pangani (chatsopano) ndikulowetsa dzina lamitundu, maadiresi a maselo omwe ali mumtundu uwu ndi mawu achinsinsi kuti mupeze izi:

Bwerezani masitepe awa pamtundu uliwonse wa ogwiritsa ntchito mpaka onse atalembedwa. Tsopano mukhoza kukanikiza batani Tetezani Mapepala (onani ndime yapitayi) ndikuthandizira chitetezo cha pepala lonse.

Tsopano, mukamayesa kupeza malo aliwonse otetezedwa pamndandanda, Excel idzafuna mawu achinsinsi pamtunduwu, mwachitsanzo, wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense azigwira ntchito "m'munda mwake".

Gawo 3. Kuteteza mapepala a bukhu

Ngati mukufuna kudziteteza ku:

• kufufuta, kusinthanso, kusuntha mapepala mu bukhu la ntchito
• kusintha kwa malo okhomedwa ("mitu", etc.)
• zosintha zosafunikira (kugwa kwa mizere/migawo pogwiritsa ntchito mabatani owonjezera/ochotsa)
• kutha kuchepetsa/kusuntha/kusintha zenera la buku lantchito mkati mwa zenera la Excel

ndiye muyenera kuteteza mapepala onse a bukhuli, pogwiritsa ntchito batani Kuteteza buku (Tetezani Buku Lantchito) tsamba Kubwereza (Unikani) kapena - m'mitundu yakale ya Excel - kudzera pa menyu Service - Chitetezo - Tetezani buku (Zida - Chitetezo - Tetezani buku lantchito):

Level 4. Kubisa mafayilo

Ngati ndi kotheka, Excel imapereka kuthekera kosunga fayilo yonse ya bukhuli pogwiritsa ntchito ma algorithms angapo amtundu wa RC4. Chitetezochi ndichosavuta kukhazikitsa posunga buku, mwachitsanzo, sankhani magulu Fayilo - Sungani Monga (Fayilo - Sungani Monga), ndiyeno pazenera losunga, pezani ndikukulitsa mndandanda wotsitsa Service – General Zosankha (Zida - Zosankha Zazikulu). Pazenera lomwe likuwoneka, titha kuyika mapasiwedi awiri osiyana - kutsegula fayilo (kuwerenga kokha) ndikusintha:

• Momwe mungakhazikitsire / kusateteza masamba onse a bukhu nthawi imodzi (zowonjezera za PLEX)
• Onetsani maselo osatetezedwa ndi mtundu
• Kutetezedwa koyenera kwa mapepala ndi macro