Piritsi ndiyo njira yayikulu yolerera kwa azimayi achi French. Njira zakulera zapakamwa zophatikizana (COCs) zotchedwa mapiritsi a estrogen-progestogen kapena mapiritsi ophatikizana ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Amakhala ndi estrogen ndi progestin. Etirojeni yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ethinyl estradiol (yochokera ku estradiol). Ndilo mtundu wa progestin umene umatsimikizira kubadwa kwa mapiritsi. Mapulateleti okwana 66 miliyoni a oral contraceptives (COC), mibadwo yonse pamodzi, adagulitsidwa ku France mu 2011. Zindikirani: mapiritsi onse amtundu wa 2 amabwezeredwa mu 2012, pamene osachepera theka la iwo a m'badwo wa 3 ndipo palibe m'badwo wa 4 umene sukuphimbidwa ndi Inshuwaransi Yaumoyo.
Piritsi la 1st generation
Mapiritsi amtundu woyamba, omwe ankagulitsidwa m'zaka za m'ma 1, anali ndi mlingo waukulu wa estrogen. Hormoni iyi inali pa chiyambi cha zotsatira zambiri: kutupa kwa mawere, nseru, migraines, matenda a mitsempha. Piritsi limodzi lokha lamtunduwu likugulitsidwa lero ku France.. Uyu ndiye Triella.
Mapiritsi amtundu wa 2
Iwo akhala akugulitsidwa kuyambira 1973. Mapiritsiwa ali ndi levonorgestrel kapena norgestrel monga progestogen. Kugwiritsa ntchito mahomoniwa kunapangitsa kuti achepetse milingo ya ethinyl estradiol ndikuchepetsa zovuta zomwe amayi adadandaula nazo. Pafupifupi mayi mmodzi mwa amayi awiri aliwonse amamwa mapiritsi amtundu wachiwiri pakati pa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira zolerera zapakamwa (COCs).
Mapiritsi amtundu wa 3 ndi 4
Mapiritsi atsopano adawonekera mu 1984. Njira zolerera za 3rd zili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya progestins: desogestrel, gestodene kapena norgestimate. Chodabwitsa cha mapiritsiwa ndikuti ali ndi mlingo wochepa wa estradiol, kuti muchepetse zovuta, monga ziphuphu, kunenepa kwambiri, cholesterol. Kuphatikiza apo, ofufuzawo adawona kuti kuchuluka kwambiri kwa timadzi tating'onoting'ono kumatha kulimbikitsa kuchitika kwa venous thrombosis. Mu 2001, mapiritsi amtundu wa 4 adayambitsidwa pamsika. Muli ma progestins atsopano (drospirenone, chlormadinone, dienogest, nomégestrol). Kafukufuku waposachedwapa wasonyeza kuti mapiritsi a 3 ndi 4 ali ndi chiopsezo cha thromboembolism kuwirikiza kawiri poyerekeza ndi mapiritsi a 2nd.. Panthawiyi, ndi ma progestin omwe akufunsidwa. Mpaka pano, madandaulo 14 aperekedwa motsutsana ndi ma laboratories omwe amapanga mapiritsi olerera a 3rd ndi 4th generation. Kuyambira 2013, mapiritsi olerera a m'badwo wa 3 sakubwezeredwanso.
Nkhani ya Diane 35 National Agency for the Safety of Health Products (ANSM) yalengeza kuyimitsidwa kwa chilolezo chotsatsa (AMM) cha Diane 35 ndi ma generic ake. Chithandizo cha ziphuphu zakumaso cha m'thupichi chinaperekedwa ngati njira yolerera. Imfa zinayi "zobwera chifukwa cha venous thrombosis" zimalumikizidwa ndi Diane 35. |
Gwero: Medicines Agency (ANSM)