Chotupa cha chithokomiro
La chithokomiro ndi chotupa chooneka ngati gulugufe chomwe chili m'munsi mwa khosi, pansi pa apulo wa Adamu. Amapanga mahomoni a chithokomiro ofunikira kuti athe kuwongolera kagayidwe kofunikira, kagayidwe kamene kamapereka mphamvu zofunika kuti thupi likhalebe ndi ntchito zofunika: mtima, ubongo, kupuma, chimbudzi, kusunga kutentha kwa thupi.
Si zachilendo kwa a misa yaying'ono mawonekedwe a chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, pazifukwa zomwe sizikudziwikabe. Timapereka dzina la chithokomiro nodule (Chilatini nodula, mfundo yaying'ono).
Mitsempha ya chithokomiro imakhala yofala kwambiri: pakati pa 5 ndi 20% ya anthu ali ndi nodule yoposa 1 cm yomwe imadziwika pa palpation ndipo ngati tiwerengera tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timadziwika ndi ultrasound, 40 mpaka 50% ya anthu amakhala ndi nodule ya chithokomiro. . Pazifukwa mwina mahomoni, tinatake tozungulira pafupifupi 4 kuwirikiza kawiri mu akazi kuposa amuna.
Basic kagayidwe Mitsempha nthawi zambiri imakhala yosatsatizana ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Ndipo ngati 95% ya tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta chithokomiro ndi yabwino, 5% ndi omwe adayambitsa khansa. Manodule ena, ngakhale kuti alibe khansa (osakhala ndi khansa) ndi oopsa (5 mpaka 10%), ndiye kuti amatulutsa mahomoni ochulukirapo a chithokomiro. Nthawi zambiri, nodule imatha kukwiyitsa ndi kuchuluka kwake ndikukhala wopanikizika (2.5%) Palpation ya khosi iyenera kukhala mwadongosolo pakukambirana ndi dokotala wamkulu, gynecologist, etc. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino komwe kunayambira nodule kuti mumvetsetse kuti ndi nodule yanji, ngati iyenera kuthandizidwa komanso bwanji. |
Mitundu ya minyewa ya chithokomiro
- Mphuno ya Colloidal. Mtundu wodziwika bwino wa nodule, nodule ya colloidal imapangidwa ndi maselo abwinobwino.
- Ziphuphu. Cysts ndi mapangidwe odzazidwa ndi madzimadzi. Amatha kukula mpaka masentimita angapo m'mimba mwake. Iwo, makamaka, ndi abwino.
- Zotupa zotupa. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi thyroiditis, kutupa kwa chithokomiro. Matenda a chithokomiro amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda a autoimmune (matenda omwe thupi limapanga ma antibodies motsutsana ndi ziwalo zake), monga Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Zitha kuchitikanso pambuyo pa mimba.
- Adenoma. Ndi chotupa chosaopsa. Mwachilengedwe, minofu yotupa imafanana kwambiri ndi minofu yathanzi ya chithokomiro. Kuti tisiyanitse adenoma ndi khansa, biopsy ndiyofunikira.
- Khansa ya chithokomiro. Mphuno yoopsa (kapena ya khansa) imayimira 5% mpaka 10% ya nodule za chithokomiro. Khansara ya chithokomiro ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri. Pali milandu 4000 yatsopano ku France pachaka (ya khansa ya m'mawere 40). Zimakhudza amayi mu 000% ya milandu. Zochitika zake zikuchulukirachulukira m'maiko onse. Manodule amapezeka kwambiri mwa amayi, koma amuna amakhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka chokhala ndi khansa m'mphuno ya chithokomiro. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la chithokomiro kapena omwe adalandira chithandizo chamankhwala kumutu kapena pakhosi ali mwana ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Khansara iyi nthawi zambiri imachiritsidwa bwino ndi moyo wazaka 75 wopitilira 5%.
Goiter kapena nodule? Goiter ndi yosiyana ndi nodule chifukwa imakhudza chithokomiro chonse chomwe chimakula kukula. Nodule, kumbali ina, imadziwika ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono kozungulira pa chithokomiro. Koma mu goiters ena, kuwonjezeka kwa voliyumu sikuli kofanana, kumakhudza madera ena a chithokomiro, motero kumapanga otchedwa nodular kapena multinodular goiter (cf. goiter sheet). |