Zamkatimu
Anthu ambiri okhala m'chilimwe akusiya kwambiri chemistry m'munda - akufuna kudya zakudya zabwino, zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, m'malo mwa feteleza zamchere, zobvala zapamwamba zachilengedwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mitundu ya kudyetsa nkhaka kutchire
Zakudya za yisiti
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi mbewu zonse zam'munda, koma nkhaka zimayankha bwino ku yisiti. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba komanso kunja. Pali maphikidwe angapo a mavalidwe a yisiti, onse ndi abwino mofanana, omwe mungasankhe ndi inu.
Yisiti youma ndi shuga: Sungunulani 1 thumba la yisiti youma yolemera 10-12 g mu malita 5 a madzi ofunda, onjezerani 1/2 chikho cha shuga ndikusiya kwa masiku 5-7 pamalo otentha kuti osakaniza afufuze.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. 1 chikho cha "wolankhula" mu ndowa ya madzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito - 1 lita pa chitsamba.
Yisiti youma ndi ascorbic acid: 1 paketi youma yisiti, 2 g wa ascorbic asidi kusungunuka 5 malita a madzi ofunda. Kuumirira, monga m'mbuyomu Chinsinsi.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. 1 chikho cha "wolankhula" mu ndowa ya madzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito - 1 lita pa chitsamba.
Yisiti ya Baker ndi shuga: Sakanizani paketi ya kilogalamu 1,5 ndi 1 galasi la shuga ndikutsanulira malita 10 a madzi, omwe ayenera kutenthedwa mpaka 38 - 40 ° C. Limbikitsani, lolani kuti iwonongeke pang'ono.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Sungunulani yankho ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 5. Kugwiritsa ntchito - 0,5 malita pa chomera chimodzi.
Zovala zapamwamba kuchokera ku yisiti ndi mkate: Thirani 1/2 chidebe cha zidutswa zoyera ndi rye mkate pamwamba ndi madzi ofunda, kuwonjezera 100 g wa mbamuikha (kapena supuni 1 youma) yisiti, 100 g shuga kapena uchi. Kuumirira 3 masiku.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Pewani kulowetsedwa komalizidwa ndikusungunuka ndi madzi pamlingo wa 1: 5. Kugwiritsa ntchito - 0,5 malita pa chomera chimodzi.
Malamulo a feteleza ndi yisiti. M'nyengo yotentha, muyenera kuvala 2-3 pamwamba.
Yoyamba - pamene mbande zili ndi masamba awiri. Izi kumapangitsa yogwira chitukuko cha zomera.
Chachiwiri - kumayambiriro kwa maluwa, kulimbikitsa ovary.
Chachitatu - pambuyo pa funde loyamba la fruiting, kuti tchire likhale ndi mphamvu pa gawo latsopano la mbewu.
Mukhoza kusunga yisiti imayang'ana kwa masiku osapitirira 3 - ndiye iwo adzataya katundu wawo ndikuyamba kununkhiza.
Ndi bwino kuthirira nkhaka ndi yisiti madzulo, nyengo yofunda.
Kodi feteleza ndi yisiti. Choyamba, amatsitsimutsa nthaka, kupanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri zoberekera mabakiteriya a nthaka, kuphatikizapo omwe amamanga nayitrogeni. Zotsatira zake, nkhaka zimakula mwamphamvu komanso zathanzi.
Kachiwiri, mizu, yodyetsedwa ndi yisiti, imakula mofulumira, ndipo chifukwa chake, kukana kwa zomera ku matenda kumawonjezeka ndipo zokolola zimawonjezeka.
Kuvala pamwamba ndi phulusa
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zabwino zachilengedwe feteleza. Lili ndi 40% calcium, 12% potaziyamu, 6% phosphorous, gulu lonse la kufufuza zinthu (boron, chitsulo, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, sulfure, nthaka, mkuwa), koma palibe klorini ndi asafe. Koma zimapanga mikhalidwe yabwino m'nthaka ya mabakiteriya a nodule omwe amakonza nayitrogeni.
M'nyengo yozizira, nkhaka zimatha kudyetsedwa ndi phulusa nthawi 4-6.
Yoyamba - itangomera, masamba enieni akuwonekera.
Chachiwiri - kumayambiriro kwa maluwa.
Chachitatu ndi mu gawo la yogwira fruiting.
Kenako - kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Phulusa limagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zitatu.
- Mwazikana mozungulira tchire. Kugwiritsa ntchito - 1 galasi pa 1 sq.
- Kulowetsedwa: 2 tbsp. supuni ya phulusa pa lita imodzi ya madzi kunena kwa sabata, oyambitsa zina. Kugwiritsa ntchito - 1 lita pa 1 chomera.
- Yankho: 1 chikho cha phulusa pa 10 malita a madzi amalowetsedwa kwa tsiku. Chovala chapamwambachi sichimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira, koma ngati foliar - kupopera masamba pamasamba.
Top kuvala ndi ayodini
Njira ya mowa ya ayodini nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati subcortex ya nkhaka. Zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa nkhaka, zimatsitsimutsanso zilonda ndi masamba, zimawonjezera nthawi yokolola ndi fruiting, zimathandizira kukoma kwa zipatso ndipo zimathandizira kuti vitamini C ikhale yochuluka mu zipatso.
Koma anthu ena a m'chilimwe adakhumudwa naye - amanena kuti pambuyo podyetsa, zipatso zimakula mokhotakhota, ndipo zomera nthawi zambiri zimafota. Chifukwa chake, izi zimachitika ngati muwonjezera ayodini. Choncho, ndikofunika kutsatira mosamalitsa maphikidwe.
Njira yothetsera ayodini: 5 madontho mu ndowa yamadzi. Kuthirira - 1 lita pa chomera, pansi pa muzu, mavalidwe atatu apamwamba kuyambira koyambirira kwa Julayi ndi nthawi ya masabata awiri.
Monga momwe kuyesera kwasonyezera, powonjezera mlingo wotere wa ayodini, nkhaka zimapereka kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa zokolola. Ngati mlingo wawonjezeka mpaka 10 madontho pa 10 malita, nkhaka zimakula masamba ambiri, ndipo zimabala zipatso zochepa. Pa mlingo wa madontho oposa 10, ayodini amachita depressingly pa nkhaka. Kuonjezera apo, ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo, akagwiritsidwa ntchito mochuluka, amapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (1).
Kuvala pamwamba ndi soda
Wina wotchuka wowerengeka mankhwala kuti, ngati ntchito molakwika, akhoza kuvulaza wanu nkhaka.
Monga fetereza, yankho limakonzedwa motere: 3 tbsp. spoons koloko 1 ndowa. Kugwiritsa ntchito - 1 lita pa chitsamba. Ndi bwino kuthirira zomera ndi soda madzulo kapena m'mawa, pamene palibe dzuwa lotentha.
Zovala ziwiri zapamwamba zoterezi zimapangidwa pa nyengo.
Yoyamba - masabata awiri mutabzala mbande pansi.
Wachiwiri - 2 masabata pambuyo woyamba.
N'zosatheka kuthira nkhaka ndi soda nthawi zambiri, chifukwa sodium, yomwe ili mbali yake, imasonkhana m'nthaka ndipo imayamba kulepheretsa zomera.
Kudyetsa nkhuku manyowa
Zitosi za mbalame, kuphatikizapo zitosi za nkhuku, zimatengedwa kuti ndizofunika kwambiri pakati pa mitundu ina ya feteleza wachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, poyerekeza ndi ndowe za ng'ombe, zimakhala zochulukirachulukira kuwirikiza kawiri muzopanga zake. Zakudya zomwe zilimo zimasungunuka msanga m'madzi ndipo zimatengedwa mosavuta ndi zomera. Kuphatikiza apo, zinyalala zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakukula kwa microflora ya dothi (3).
Izi fetereza organic ali zonse zazikulu zakudya: potaziyamu, phosphorous, magnesium, calcium, ndi onsewo mosavuta digestible mawonekedwe. Mulinso zinthu zambiri zotsata: manganese, cobalt, sulfure, mkuwa ndi zinki. Kuwonjezera pa chirichonse, organic zidulo, mavitamini ndi biologically yogwira zinthu zofunika kuti zonse kukula nkhaka. Koma chinthu chachikulu cha manyowa a nkhuku ndi nayitrogeni. Nayitrojeni imagwira ntchito kwambiri, choncho ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa fetelezayu.
Konzani izi: kutsanulira 0,5 zidebe za zinyalala mu 0,5 ndowa za madzi, kuphimba ndi kuika pamalo otentha kuti onse ferments. Pamene mpweya thovu kusiya kutulutsa, mukhoza ntchito. Koma samalani: ngati muyika zinyalala mumtsuko, ndikungodzaza ndi madzi pamwamba, ndiye kuti gawolo lidzakhala lolakwika! Madzi adzadzaza zonse zomwe zili mu manyowa, ndipo zidzakhala zowonjezereka. Choncho, choyamba muyenera kuyeza theka la chidebe chamadzi, ndiyeno kutsanulira mu manyowa.
Musanayambe kuthirira nkhaka, iyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1:20.
Manyowa nkhaka ndi manyowa a nkhuku kawiri.
Koyamba - masabata awiri mutabzala mbande pansi. Norm - 2 lita pa chitsamba. Chovala chapamwamba ichi chidzakulitsa kukula kwa nkhaka, iwo amamanga zingwe zamphamvu ndipo adzatha kupereka zokolola zambiri.
Chachiwiri - pambuyo pa funde loyamba la fruiting. Zomwezo ndizofanana - 1 lita pa chitsamba. Pankhaniyi, kuvala pamwamba kudzatalikitsa nyengo ya fruiting.
Malamulo a kavalidwe apamwamba
1. Manyowa pamasiku otentha. Zovala zapamwamba zomwe zimachitika masiku ozizira ndizopanda ntchito, chifukwa kutentha kwa 8-10 ° C, zakudya sizimatengedwa bwino.
2. Choyamba madzi - kenaka thirani manyowa. Kuthira feteleza kulibe phindu lochepa pa nthawi ya chilala. Mu nyengo, phosphorous Mwachitsanzo, odzipereka kwambiri, ndi nayitrogeni feteleza poizoni mizu ndi microflora. Choncho, pamaso feteleza, nthaka ayenera madzi. Kapena kuthira manyowa tsiku lotsatira mvula.
Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka
Tinakambirana za kudyetsa nkhaka kutchire ndi Agronomist-woweta Svetlana Mikhailova - adayankha mafunso otchuka kwambiri a anthu okhala m'chilimwe.
Kodi mankhwala owerengeka ndi othandiza podyetsa nkhaka kutchire?
Zinyalala za buledi ndi khitchini zimatha kuchedwa chifukwa ndi organic - pakapita nthawi zimawola ndikuwonjezera chonde m'nthaka. Koma osati zofunika.
Soda ikhoza kuvulaza - kukhudzika kwakukulu kwa izo kumabweretsa kusungunuka kwa dothi.
Kodi ndiyenera kudyetsa nkhaka kutchire?
Kodi kudyetsa nokha ndikokwanira kuonjezera zokolola za nkhaka?
Magwero a
- Stepanova DI, Grigoriev Mikhail Fedoseevich, Grigoryeva AI Mphamvu ya vermicompost ndi ayodini pamwamba kuvala pakupanga kwa nkhaka pamalo otetezedwa a Arctic zone ya Yakutia // Bulletin of agrarian science, 2019
https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/vliyanie-vermikomposta-i-podkormok-yodom-na-produktivnost-ogurtsa-v-usloviyah-zaschischennogo-grunta-arkticheskoy-zony-yakutii/
- Degtyareva KA Technology yokonza zitosi za mbalame zothirira mbewu zamasamba m'malo otetezedwa // Dissertation, 2013 https://www.dissercat.com/content/tekhnologiya-podgotovki-ptichego-pometa-dlya-orosheniya-ovoshchnykh-kultur- v-usloviyakh-zash