Venereology ndi luso lapadera lomwe limasamalira matenda opatsirana pogonana, omwe amatchedwanso matenda a venereal..

Imalumikizidwa ku khungu, popeza matenda ambiri opatsirana pogonana (STIs, kapena STBBIs a matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi magazi ku Quebec) amawonetsedwa ndi zotupa pakhungu ndi mucous nembanemba.

Zindikirani kuti matendawa amathanso kuchiritsidwa mwamankhwala kapena mankhwala amkati.

Kuwonjezera pa Edzi (HIV) or chlamydia, pofalikira kwambiri, pali matenda opatsirana mwakugonana oposa 30 padziko lonse lapansi. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• mavairasi (monga HIV, HPV, hepatitis B ndi C, herpes, etc.);
• mabakiteriya (chlamydia, chinzonono, chindoko, mycoplasmas, etc.);
• yisiti (Candida albicans);
• protozoa (Trichomonas vaginalis ...);
• d'ectoparasites (gale, phtiriase ...).

Malinga ndi kunena kwa World Health Organization (WHO), tsiku lililonse anthu oposa miliyoni imodzi amadwala matenda opatsirana mwakugonana (3).

Akuti chaka chilichonse anthu 357 miliyoni amadwala matenda amodzi mwa matenda anayi opatsirana pogonana: chlamydia (131 miliyoni), chinzonono (78 miliyoni), chindoko (5,6 miliyoni) ndi trichomoniasis (143 miliyoni) 3.

M'mayiko otukuka, matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi zovuta zawo ndi zina mwa zifukwa zisanu zomwe zimayenderana ndi akuluakulu (4).

Venereology imaperekedwa ku matenda opatsirana pogonana, zizindikiro zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambira kumaliseche, kawirikawiri ndi:

• zilonda, zilonda, kapena “phuphu”;
• kutulutsa;
• kutulutsa urethra kapena kumaliseche;
• kuyabwa;
• zowawa ;
• kuyaka pokodza.

Pakati pa matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri (4), Zindikirani:

• mauka oyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya a Chlamydia, omwe amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa zaka 15 ndi 25 mwa akazi, komanso pakati pa zaka 15 ndi 34 mwa amuna;
• HIV-AIDS;
• gonorrhea kapena chinzonono, chifukwa cha mabakiteriya;
• hepatitis B, yomwe imayambitsa matenda a chiwindi;
• maliseche;
• njerewere zoyambitsidwa ndi ma virus a human papilloma (HPV kapena HPV), omwe angayambitsenso khansa ya pachibelekero komanso katemera omwe alipo masiku ano;
• chindoko, chifukwa cha bakiteriya wotchedwa wotumbululuka treponema;
• mycoplasma ndi trichomoniasis matenda.

Ngakhale kuti matenda a venereal amatha kugwira aliyense amene amagonana, pali zifukwa zina zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndizoopsa., makamaka:

• kuyambika kwa kugonana koyamba;
• kukhala ndi zibwenzi zambiri;
• kukhala ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana m'mbuyomu.

Kuti mupeze matenda ndi kuzindikira komwe kumayambitsa matendawa, dermatologist kapena venereologist:

• kuchita kafukufuku wachipatala kumaliseche;
• perekani, ngati kuli kofunikira, chitsanzo chapafupi;
• atha kutengera mayeso owonjezera (kuyezetsa magazi, zikhalidwe).

Chithandizo cha Venereology makamaka chimachokera ku mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Matenda ambiri opatsirana pogonana amatha kuchiritsidwa :

• ndi mankhwala oyenera (chlamydia, gonorrhea, chindoko ndi trichomoniasis);
• ndi mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, makamaka motsutsana ndi herpes ndi kachilombo ka HIV-AIDS, zomwe sizimachiritsa matendawa koma zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kuchepetsa zizindikiro;
• ndi ma immunomodulators pa matenda a hepatitis B.

Kupewa ndi njira yabwino yothanirana ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana, komabe, pogwiritsa ntchito makondomu (makondomu) panthawi yonse yogonana. Kupimidwa pafupipafupi kungachepetse kufalikira kwa matenda opatsirana pogonana komanso kuzindikira matenda omwe angakhalepo mwamsanga.

Kukambirana ndi venereologist sikumaphatikizapo zoopsa zilizonse kwa wodwalayo. Komabe, zitha kukhala zokwiyitsa kwa ena, chifukwa zimakhudza malo apamtima.

Maphunziro a Venereologist ku France

Kuti akhale dermato-venereologist, wophunzirayo ayenera kupeza dipuloma ya maphunziro apadera (DES) mu dermatology ndi venereology:

• ayenera kuyamba kutsatira, pambuyo pa baccalaureate, chaka choyamba pamaphunziro azaumoyo. Dziwani kuti pafupifupi ochepera 20% a ophunzira amatha kuwoloka gawo lofunika ili;
• kumapeto kwa chaka cha 6, ophunzira amayesa mayeso amtundu uliwonse kuti alowe kusukulu yogonera. Kutengera ndi gulu lawo, azitha kusankha mwapadera komanso malo omwe amachitira. Internship mu dermatology ndi venereology imatha zaka 4.

Pomaliza, kuti athe kuchita ntchito ya udokotala wa ana ndikukhala ndi udokotala, wophunzirayo ayeneranso kuteteza malingaliro ake pazofufuza.

Maphunziro a Venereologist ku Quebec

Pambuyo pa maphunziro aku koleji, wophunzirayo ayenera kuchita udokotala wazachipatala. Gawo loyambali limatenga zaka 1 kapena 4 (pokhala ndi chaka chokonzekera kapena popanda chaka chokonzekera zamankhwala kwa ophunzira omwe adavomerezedwa ndi maphunziro aku koleji kapena kuyunivesite omwe akuwoneka kuti ndi osakwanira mu sayansi yachilengedwe). Kenako, wophunzirayo amayenera kukhala mwaukadaulo potsatira kukhala mu dermatology kwa zaka 5.

Musanapite kukakumana ndi venereologist, ndikofunikira kutenga mayeso aliwonse a biology (mayeso amagazi, zikhalidwe) zomwe zachitika kale.

Kuti mupeze venereologist:

• ku Quebec, mutha kuwona tsamba la Federation of Medical specialists kapena Association of dermatologists of Quebec (â ?? µ), lomwe limapereka chikwatu cha mamembala ake;
• ku France, kudzera pa webusayiti ya Ordre des médecins (6) kapena French Society of Dermatology and Sexually Transmitted Pathologies (7). Malo ambiri azidziwitso, zoyezera ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana (CIDDIST) amaperekanso kuyezetsa kwaulere (8) ku France konse.

Kukambirana ndi venereologist kumaperekedwa ndi Health Insurance (France) kapena Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec.