Ndikufuna mwana: imwani folate (folic acid kapena vitamini B9)

Chikhumbo chaubwana: gawo lofunikira la folic acid

Folate, kupatsidwa folic acid kapena ngakhale vitamini B9, ndi mawu onse osonyeza chinthu chomwecho: vitamini. Amatenga dzina lake kuchokera ku Chilatini "folium", kutanthauza tsamba, chifukwa chokhala ndi masamba ambiri obiriwira (sipinachi, letesi wa nkhosa, watercress, etc.). Ngati phindu lake panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati likhazikitsidwa tsopano, zikuwoneka kuti limakhalanso ndi zotsatira zoteteza matenda a Alzheimer, matenda a mtima komanso khansa zina.

Udindo wa kupatsidwa folic acid pa mimba

Folate imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kwa amayi apakati pa trimester yoyamba ya mimba. Iwo amaloladi kumangidwa kogwirizana kwa dongosolo lamanjenje la mwana ndi kugwira ntchito kwake moyenera pochita kutseka kwa neural chubu. THE'anencephalic ndi  spina bifida ndi zilema ziwiri zobadwa nazo zomwe zingachitike ngati sitejiyi sikuyenda bwino. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa Directorate of Research, Studies, Evaluation and Statistics (DREES), kumwa kupatsidwa folic acid sikuthandiza 100% koma kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha kutsekedwa kwa neural chubu pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa atatu a milandu.. Kuperewera kwa vitamini B9 kumatha kukhalanso ndi zotulukapo zina, monga chiopsezo chopita padera kapena kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kwa mayi ndi kusakhwima kapena kukula kwamwana. Ntchito ina yakhazikitsa ulalo pakati pa kuperewera kwa folate ndi kuzindikira zovuta zamtima, kung'ambika kwa milomo ndi m'kamwa (komwe kale kunkatchedwa "milomo yong'ambika") kapena kuwonongeka kwa mkodzo. Pomaliza, kafukufuku waku Norway wofalitsidwa mu 2013 adawonetsa kuti kutenga folic acid kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha autism ndi 40%.

Kupatsidwa folic acid: muyenera kumwa liti?

Pafupifupi theka la amayi a msinkhu wobereka alibe vitamini B9 wokwanira. Pamene udindo wa folate ndi wofunikira m'mwezi woyamba wa mimba, amayi ambiri sadziwa kuti ali ndi pakati pa nthawiyi, ndipo osayamba kupatsidwa folic acid mpaka mimba itatsimikiziridwa kuti yachedwa kwambiri kuti ikhale ndi zotsatira zoyembekezeredwa. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake zambiri zotchulidwa miyezi iwiri isanafike anakonza mimba, ndiko kunena pamaso kusiya kulera, ndipo osachepera mpaka kumapeto kwa mwezi woyamba wa mimba. Popeza kuti mimba zonse nzosakonzekera, akatswiri ena amalangiza amayi onse a msinkhu wobereka kuti aziyang'anira momwe amamwa folate.

Komabe, ngakhale malingaliro a akatswiri, mankhwala sakutsatiridwa mokwanira. Kafukufuku wa Esteban yemwe adachitika mu 2014-2016 adanenanso za chiopsezo cha kuchepa kwa folate (mlingo <3 ng / mL) wa 13,4% mwa amayi azaka zapakati pa 18 mpaka 49 zakubadwa. Mosiyana, pakati pa atsikana azaka zapakati pa 15 ndi 17, anali 0,6% okha. Zindikirani kuti milingo ya folateyi idapezedwa mwa amayi 532 amsinkhu wobala ndi atsikana 68 achichepere.

Vitamini B9: zowonjezera zowonjezera mwa amayi ena

Amayi ena amakhala opanda vitamini B9 kuposa ena. Izi ndizofunika kwambiri kwa omwe ali ndi neural chubu defect (NTD) adapezeka kale panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati. Azimayi kapena amayi omwe ali ndi matenda osowa zakudya m'thupi omwe zakudya zawo sizili bwino amakhudzidwanso, komanso amayi onenepa kwambiri kapena omwe amamwa mankhwala a khunyu kapena matenda a shuga. Izi zimafuna kuwunika kowonjezereka komanso nthawi zina kuwonjezereka kwa folic acid supplementation.

Zakudya zomwe zili ndi folic acid

Ndi chakudya chomwe ambiri mwa nkhokwe zathu za folic acid amapezedwa. Koma mwatsoka izi sizokwanira kupereka zokwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa za mimba. Kuonjezera mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi ndikofunikira. Komabe, izi sizimalepheretsa kuwonjezera zakudya zokhala ndi folic acid pamamenyu awo, mosiyana. Kubetcherana masamba obiriwira poyamba (sipinachi, saladi, nandolo, nyemba zobiriwira, mapeyala…), komanso mbewu (napiye, mphodza…) ndi zipatso zina (zipatso za citrus, vwende, nthochi, kiwi…). Komabe, samalani ndi chiwindi ndi offal, omwe ali olemera kwambiri mu folate koma osavomerezeka, ngati njira yodzitetezera, kwa amayi apakati kapena amayi omwe akufuna kukhala ndi mwana.