M'buku lino, tiwona zomwe masamu (masamu) amafanana ndi zofanana, komanso titchule zinthu zake zazikulu ndi zitsanzo.
Tanthauzo la Kufanana
Mawu a masamu omwe ali ndi manambala (ndi/kapena zilembo) ndi chizindikiro chofanana chomwe chimachigawa m'magawo awiri chimatchedwa. masamu ofanana.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya zofanana:
- Umunthu Magawo onsewa ndi ofanana. Mwachitsanzo:
- 5 + 12 = 13 + 4
- 3x + 9 = 3 ⋅ (x + 3)
- The equation - zofanana ndizowona pamakalata ena omwe ali mmenemo. Mwachitsanzo:
- 10x + 20 = 43 + 37
- 15x + 10 = 65 + 5
Equality katundu
Katundu 1
Mbali za kufanana zikhoza kusinthidwa, pamene zimakhala zoona.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati:
12x + 36 = 24 + 8x
Chifukwa chake:
24 + 8x = 12x + 36
Katundu 2
Mutha kuwonjezera kapena kuchotsa nambala yomweyo (kapena masamu) mbali zonse za equation. Kufanana sikudzaphwanyidwa.
Ndiko kuti, ngati:
a = b
Chifukwa chake:
- + x = b + x
- a–y = b–y
zitsanzo:
16 – 4 = 10 + 2 ⇒16 – 4 + 5 = 10 + 2 + 5 13x + 30 = 7x + 6x + 30 ⇒13x + 30 – y = 7x + 6x + 30 – y
Katundu 3
Ngati mbali zonse ziwiri za equation zichulukitsidwa kapena kugawidwa ndi nambala yomweyo (kapena mawu a masamu), sizidzaphwanyidwa.
Ndiko kuti, ngati:
a = b
Chifukwa chake:
- a ⋅ x = b ⋅ x
- ndi: y = b:y
zitsanzo:
29 + 11 = 32 + 8 ⇒(29 + 11) ⋅ 3 = (32 + 8) ⋅ 3 23x + 46 = 20 – 2 ⇒(23x + 46): y = (20 – 2): y