Udindo wa mahomoni a ADH ndikuwunika kuchepa kwa madzi ndi impso, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti igwire bwino ntchito. Tsoka ilo, kutulutsa kwa hormone iyi nthawi ndi nthawi sikuchitika bwino. Zimayambitsa ndi chiyani? Kodi mahomoni apamwamba kwambiri kapena otsika kwambiri akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo?

Mahomoni antidiuretic omwe amatchedwanso vasopressin, omwe nthawi zina amatchulidwanso ndi chidule cha AVP cha Arginine-vasopressin, ndi mahomoni opangidwa ndi ma neuron a hypothalamus. Mwa kulola kubwezeretsanso madzi ndi thupi, timadzi ta ADH timagwira ntchito yake mu impso.

Ikangotulutsidwa ndi hypothalamus, imasungidwa m'matumbo a pituitary isanatulutsidwe ngati itayika madzi m'thupi. Hypothalamus ndi pituitary zili kumapeto kwa ubongo.

Udindo wa ADH ndikuwunika kutayika kwa madzi kuchokera ku impso (diuresis) kuwonetsetsa kuti gawo la sodium m'magazi likhalebe lofanana. Mlingo wa sodium ukakwera, ADH imasungidwa kuti ichepetse kuchepa kwa madzi kuchokera ku impso, ndikupangitsa mkodzo kukhala wamdima kwambiri.

Mlingo wake umapangidwa kuti uzindikire komanso kusiyanitsa nephrogenic shuga insipidus kuchokera pakatikati mwa shuga insipidus kapena kupezeka kwa vuto losayenera la katulutsidwe.

Mahomoni ochepetsa antidiuretic amatha kulumikizidwa ndi:

• Matenda a shuga : impso zimalephera kusunga madzi ndipo anthuwa amatulutsa mkodzo wambiri komanso wosungunuka (polyuria) womwe amayenera kulipirira pomwa madzi ambiri (polydipsia). Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda a shuga insipidus, central diabetes insipidus (CDI), omwe amapezeka kwambiri chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ADH, ndi nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, mahomoni amapezeka koma sagwira ntchito.

Kuchuluka kwa ma antidiuretic mahomoni atha kuphatikizidwa ndi:

• INDE : Matenda otsekemera osayenera a mahomoni antidiuretic amafotokozedwa ndi hyponatremia yoyambitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi m'magazi ndikuchepetsa sodium. Nthawi zambiri hypothalamic (chotupa, kutupa), chotupa (khansa yamapapo) chimayambira. Zizindikiro za hyponatremia ndi nseru, kusanza, chisokonezo;
• Zilonda zamanjenje: matenda, kupwetekedwa mtima, kukha magazi, zotupa;
• Meningoencephalitis kapena polyradiculoneuritis;
• Zoopsa za craniocerebral;
• Khunyu kapena matenda oopsa a psychotic.

Mukamayesa magazi, mahomoni odana ndi diuretic amayeza. Kenako, chitsanzocho chimayikidwa mu centrifuge pa 4 ° ndipo pamapeto pake chimazizira pa -20 °.

Kukhala pamimba yopanda kanthu sikothandiza pakuwunika uku.

Popanda chiletso chamadzi, zoyenera za hormone iyi ziyenera kukhala zosakwana 4,8 pmol / l. Ndi choletsa madzi, zikhalidwe zoyenera.

Kutengera matenda, pali mankhwala osiyanasiyana:

Chithandizo cha insipidus ya shuga

Chithandizocho chimayendetsedwa molingana ndi zomwe zadziwika, ndipo ziyenera kuthandizidwa ngati zilipo. Mulimonsemo, simuyenera kumulola munthuyo kuti akhale wopanda madzi kapena owonjezera mphamvu ndikuyesera kuti azidya moyenera ndi mchere wochepa.

• Pankhani ya matenda a shuga insipidus, mankhwalawa amatengera kudya kwa mahomoni ofanana ndi mahomoni antidiuretic, desmopressin, omwe mphamvu yake yotsutsana nayo imakhala yamphamvu. Utsogoleri nthawi zambiri umatha kamodzi kapena kawiri patsiku. Samalani kuti musapitirire mlingo womwe dokotala wanu wapereka chifukwa kuwonjezera kungapangitse kuti madzi asungidwe ndipo nthawi zina amakhumudwa;
• Pankhani ya nephrogenic shuga insipidus, mankhwala amtunduwu sagwira ntchito. Matenda a impso omwe akhudzidwa adzafunika kuthandizidwa.

Kuchiza kwa Syndrome of Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion:

Kuletsa kwamadzimadzi ndi chithandizo cha zomwe zingachitike ngati zingatheke. Anthu omwe ali ndi SIADH amafunikira chithandizo cha hyponatremia kwa nthawi yayitali.

Madzi olowa mkati, makamaka madzi okhala ndi sodium wochuluka kwambiri (hypertonic saline), nthawi zina amaperekedwa. Mankhwalawa ayenera kuperekedwa mosamala kuti zisawonongeke msanga wa seramu sodium (ndende ya sodium m'magazi).

Ngati seramu yamagazi ikupitilizabe kugwa kapena siyikukwera ngakhale ikuchepetsa kuchepa kwa madzi, madokotala amatha kupereka mankhwala omwe amachepetsa mphamvu ya vasopressin pa impso, kapena mankhwala omwe amaletsa ma vasopressin receptors ndikuletsa impso. Chitani ndi vasopressin.