Zamkatimu
Kugontha kwamphamvu ndi zotsatira za kukalamba kwachilengedwe kwa ziwalo zamanjenje, kulandira ndi kumva. Zizindikiro zoyamba za mtundu uwu wa vuto lakumva zimatha kuzindikirika kuyambira zaka zapakati pa 20 ndi 30. Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha kusamva bwino kwambiri ndi vuto lolankhula. General mankhwala zachokera makonzedwe a kukonzekera kuti ziletsa ukalamba ndondomeko ya thupi ndi kusintha kufalitsidwa mu khutu lamkati.
Tanthauzo la ugonthi wa senile
Kusamva kwa zaka ndi chikhalidwe chokhudzana ndi zaka. Amakhala pang`onopang`ono imfa ya kumva, amene nthawi zambiri zokhudza zokhudza ukalamba m`thupi. Chizindikiro cha matendawa ndi kusamvetsetsa bwino mawu. Polankhula za ugonthi wokalamba, munthu ayenera kuzigawa m'magulu otsatirawa:
- Kutaya kumva kochititsa chidwi - kungayambitse matenda a ngalande yakunja kapena kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa ma ossicles, omwe amatumiza kugwedezeka kuchokera kunja kupita ku khutu lamkati;
- sensorineural kumva kutayika - komwe kumadziwika ndi kusokonezeka kwa khutu lomwe limayang'anira kulandira mafunde acoustic (cochlea kapena minyewa ya chiwalo chakumva);
- kutayika kwa makutu osakanikirana - kumaphatikizapo mitundu iwiri yomwe tatchulayi ya kutayika kwa makutu mu chiwalo chimodzi chakumva.
Nthawi zambiri, kusamva bwino kumalumikizidwa ndi zovuta za sensorineural.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kusamva kwa senile
Ambiri amavomereza kuti kusamva bwino kumayendera limodzi ndi zaka zopita patsogolo komanso zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzifotokoza momveka bwino. Komabe, pali malingaliro awiri ofanana pa zomwe zimayambitsa kusamva kwa senile.
1. Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti kusamva kumayenderana ndi ukalamba basi.
2. Malingana ndi ena, ugontha wa senile umapezeka osati chifukwa cha msinkhu, komanso chifukwa cha phokoso, kuvulala ndi mankhwala ototoxic.
Komabe, zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimalimbikitsa kuopsa kwa kusamva bwino komanso kuthamanga kwa njirayi ndi:
- kuvulala,
- matenda ashuga,
- kuwonetsa kwanthawi yayitali phokoso,
- atherosulinosis,
- kukalamba wamba
- matenda oopsa,
- kumvetsera nyimbo zaphokoso (makamaka kudzera pa mahedifoni oikidwa m’makutu),
- kunenepa kwambiri,
- genetic factor,
- kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki a aminoglycoside, loop diuretics, macrolide diuretics ndi non-steroidal odana ndi kutupa - okhala ndi ototoxic.
Zizindikiro za ugonthi okalamba
Kugontha chifukwa cha ukalamba sizochitika mwadzidzidzi komanso zosayembekezereka. Ndi njira yayitali yomwe imatha kuchitika zaka khumi ndi ziwiri, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri imanyalanyazidwa. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti anthu oyandikana kwambiri ndi wodwalayo amazindikira mavuto akumva pamene kulankhulana bwino kumasokonekera. Zimachitika kuti okalamba amanjenjemera ndikukweza mawu, ndipo kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuzindikira zokopa zochokera ku chilengedwe.
Kuonera TV kapena kumvetsera wailesi kumakhala vuto. Phokoso losapiririka limabuka ndipo anthu amafunsidwa nthawi zambiri kuti abwereze zonena zawo. Mafoni anthawi zonse amakhala osasangalatsa komanso ovutitsa. Ngakhale kuchita ndi ofesi kapena positi ndi vuto, wodwala amayenera kufunsa mobwerezabwereza, kupempha mobwerezabwereza, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimamuchititsa manyazi. Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti ugontha wokalamba si matenda a thupi, okalamba ambiri, chifukwa cha kumva, kusiya kutenga nawo mbali pa moyo wa anthu, kusiya chilengedwe, kupewa kuyanjana ndi anthu ena. Izi zimapangitsa kuti munthu ayambe kuvutika maganizo.
Kuzindikira kwa ugonthi wa senile kumachokera ku kuyankhulana kwachipatala ndi wodwalayo komanso machitidwe a mayeso apadera. Mayeso otchuka kwambiri omwe amachitidwa mumtundu wamtunduwu ndi audiometryzomwe zimachitikira m'chipinda chapadera chapadera. Kuyesa kwa Audiometer kungakhale:
- pakamwa - ntchito yake ndikuwunika momwe wodwalayo amamvetsetsa zolankhula. Kuti achite zimenezi, amabwereza mawu amene akumva kudzera mwa wolandira m’khutu lake. Njira ina ndi yakuti dokotala atayima patali ndithu ndi wodwalayo kuti alankhule mawu motsitsa mawu - ntchito ya munthu wopimidwayo ndi kubwereza mokweza.
- tonal pachimake - kumatsimikizira kuti wodwalayo akumva.
Kugontha mokwanira - chithandizo
Zofunika! Kugontha ndi matenda osachiritsika. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti ziwalo za mkati mwa khutu ndi cochlea sizingapangidwenso. Ngakhale opaleshoni sikutanthauza kuti wodwalayo ayambanso kumva bwino. Njira yokhayo ndi chothandizira kumva. Pakali pano pali mitundu yaying'ono komanso yosaoneka ya zothandizira kumva pamsika zomwe siziwoneka kwa anthu. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kupeza zida zomwe zimathandizira kumva, monga zokulitsa mawailesi yakanema, zida zamawayilesi, ngakhale mahedifoni amafoni. Chifukwa cha amplifiers, chitonthozo cha wodwalayo chimakhala bwino kwambiri. General mankhwala a ugonthi okalamba zachokera ntchito kukonzekera kuti ziletsa kukalamba kwa thupi ndi kusintha kufalitsidwa mu khutu lamkati.
Kodi mungapewe kugontha kwamphamvu?
Palibe njira zodziwika bwino zopewera kugontha kwa senile, koma mutha kuchedwetsa kuyambika kwa matendawa ndikuchepetsa kuopsa kwake. Pewani phokoso laphokoso (kuphatikiza kumvetsera nyimbo zaphokoso), kukhala paphokoso kwanthawi yayitali kapena kumvetsera nyimbo zokhala ndi mahedifoni am'makutu. Masewera / masewera olimbitsa thupi amakhalanso ndi thanzi labwino, chifukwa amalepheretsa, pakati pa ena, atherosclerosis ndi kunenepa kwambiri.