Ngakhale kuti imaoneka bwino, mitengo imakhala yogwirizana. Poyamba, mitengo imalankhulana. Amazindikiranso, kuyanjana ndi kugwirizana - ngakhale mitundu yosiyana siyana. Peter Wohlleben, katswiri wa zankhalango wa ku Germany ndiponso wolemba buku lakuti The Hidden Life of Trees, ananenanso kuti amadyetsa ana awo, kuti mbande zimene zimamera zimaphunzira, ndiponso kuti mitengo ina yakale imadzipereka kwambiri kaamba ka mbadwo wotsatira.
Ngakhale kuti akatswiri ena amaona kuti maganizo a Wolleben ndi anthropomorphic mosayenera, malingaliro achikhalidwe a mitengo ngati zinthu zosiyana, zopanda chifundo zakhala zikusintha pakapita nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, chodabwitsa chotchedwa "manyazi a korona", momwe mitengo yofanana kukula kwa mitundu yofanana sikhudzana polemekeza malo a wina ndi mzake, idadziwika pafupifupi zaka zana zapitazo. Nthaŵi zina, m’malo molumikizana ndi kukankhira kuwala kwa kuwala, nthambi za mitengo yapafupi zimaima patali n’kusiya malo mwaulemu. Palibe mgwirizano pa momwe izi zimachitikira - mwinamwake nthambi zomwe zikukula zimafa kumapeto, kapena kukula kwa nthambi kumatsekedwa pamene masamba akumva kuwala kwa infrared komwe kumabalalitsidwa ndi masamba ena pafupi.
Ngati nthambi za mitengo zikuchita modzichepetsa, ndiye kuti ndi mizu zonse zimakhala zosiyana. M'nkhalango, malire a mizu yamtundu wa munthu sangangolumikizana, komanso amalumikizana - nthawi zina mwachindunji kudzera muzowonjezera zachilengedwe - komanso kudzera m'maukonde a fungal filaments mobisa kapena mycorrhiza. Kupyolera mu kugwirizana kumeneku, mitengo imatha kusinthanitsa madzi, shuga, ndi zakudya zina ndi kutumiza mauthenga a mankhwala ndi magetsi kwa wina ndi mzake. Kuwonjezera pa kuthandiza mitengo kulankhulana, bowa amatenga zakudya m’nthaka n’kuzisandutsa m’njira imene mitengoyo ingagwiritsire ntchito. Pobwezera, amalandira shuga - mpaka 30% yamafuta omwe amapezeka panthawi ya photosynthesis amapita kukalipira ntchito za mycorrhiza.
Zambiri mwa kafukufuku wamakono pa zomwe zimatchedwa "tree web" zimachokera ku ntchito ya katswiri wa sayansi ya zakuthambo wa ku Canada Suzanne Simard. Simard amafotokoza mitengo yayikulu kwambiri m'nkhalango ngati malo kapena "mitengo yamayi". Mitengoyi ili ndi mizu yozama kwambiri komanso yozama kwambiri, ndipo imatha kugawana madzi ndi zakudya ndi mitengo yaying'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbande ziziyenda bwino ngakhale pamthunzi wolemera. Zowona zasonyeza kuti mitengo payokha imatha kuzindikira achibale awo apamtima ndikupereka mwayi kwa iwo potengera madzi ndi zakudya. Choncho, mitengo yathanzi imatha kuthandizira oyandikana nawo owonongeka - ngakhale zitsa zopanda masamba! - kuwasunga amoyo kwa zaka zambiri, zaka zambiri ngakhalenso zaka mazana ambiri.
Mitengo imatha kuzindikira osati ogwirizana nawo okha, komanso adani. Kwa zaka zoposa 40, asayansi apeza kuti mtengo womwe umagwidwa ndi nyama yodya masamba umatulutsa mpweya wa ethylene. Ethylene ikapezeka, mitengo yapafupi imakonzekera kudziteteza mwa kuwonjezera kupanga mankhwala omwe amapangitsa masamba ake kukhala osasangalatsa komanso ngakhale poizoni ku tizirombo. Njira imeneyi inapezeka koyamba pa kafukufuku wa mtengo wa mthethe, ndipo zikuoneka kuti mbalamezi zinayamba kuzimvetsa kalekale anthu asanabadwe: akamaliza kudya masamba a mtengo umodzi, nthawi zambiri amayenda mothamanga mamita 50 asanakwere mtengo wina. mwina sanamvepo chizindikiro chadzidzidzi chomwe chatumizidwa.
Komabe, posachedwapa zadziwika kuti si adani onse omwe amachititsa kuti mitengo ifanane. Mitengo ya elms ndi paini (ndipo mwina mitengo ina) ikagwidwa koyamba ndi mbozi, imakhudzidwa ndi mankhwala omwe ali m'malovu a mbozi, kutulutsa fungo lina lomwe limakopa mitundu ina ya mavu. Mavu amaikira mazira m'matupi a mbozi, ndipo mphutsi zomwe zikutuluka zimadya nyamazo kuchokera mkati. Ngati kuwonongeka kwa masamba ndi nthambi kumayambitsidwa ndi chinthu chomwe mtengowo ulibe njira zolimbana nawo, monga mphepo kapena nkhwangwa, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo amayenera kuchiritsa, osati chitetezo.
Komabe, ambiri mwa “makhalidwe” ongodziŵika kumene ameneŵa a mitengo amangokulirakulira mwachibadwa. Zomera, mwachitsanzo, zilibe mitengo yayikulu komanso kulumikizana kochepa. Mitengo yaing'ono nthawi zambiri imabzalidwanso, ndipo milumikizano yofooka pansi pa nthaka yomwe amatha kukhazikitsa imachotsedwa mwamsanga. Powona izi, nkhalango zamakono zimayamba kuoneka ngati zonyansa kwambiri: minda si midzi, koma tizilombo tosalankhula, zokwezedwa m'fakitale ndikudulidwa zisanakhale ndi moyo. Asayansi, komabe, sakhulupirira kuti mitengo ili ndi malingaliro, kapena kuti luso lodziwika la mitengo yolumikizana wina ndi mnzake ndi chifukwa cha china chilichonse kupatula kusankhidwa kwachilengedwe. Komabe, zoona zake n’zakuti pothandizana wina ndi mnzake, mitengo imapanga mlengalenga wotetezedwa ndi wonyowa mmene iwo ndi ana awo amtsogolo adzakhala ndi mwaŵi wabwino kwambiri wopulumuka ndi kuberekana. Kodi nkhalango kwa ife ndi nyumba wamba ya mitengo.