Agranulocytosis ndi vuto la magazi lomwe limadziwika ndi kutha kwa gulu la leukocyte: neutrophilic granulocytes. Chifukwa cha kufunikira kwawo chitetezo chamthupi, kutha kwawo kumafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu.

Agranulocytosis ndi mawu azachipatala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza kusakhazikika kwa magazi. Zimafanana ndi pafupifupi kutha kwathunthu kwa magazi a neutrophil granulocytes, omwe kale ankadziwika kuti neutrophils yamagazi.

Zigawo zamagazi izi ndi gulu la leukocyte (maselo oyera a magazi), maselo a magazi omwe amakhudzidwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi. Kagulu kakang'ono kameneka kamayimiranso ma leukocyte ambiri omwe amapezeka m'magazi. M'magazi, ma granulocyte a neutrophil amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri chifukwa ali ndi udindo woteteza matupi akunja ndi maselo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Amatha kuphagocyte tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono, ndiko kunena kuti titengere kuti tiwononge.

Agranulocytosis ndi vuto la magazi lomwe limatha kudziwika ndi a hemogram, amatchedwanso Mawerengedwe a Magazi ndi Fomula (NFS). Kuyezetsa kumeneku kumapereka zambiri zokhudza maselo a magazi. Kuwerengera kwa magazi kumapangitsa kuti zitheke makamaka kuwerengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana zamagazi, zomwe neutrophil granulocytes ndi gawo.

Panthawi ya'kusanthula kwa neutrophil, vuto limawonedwa pamene ndende ya maselowa ndi zosakwana 1700/mm3, kapena 1,7 g/L m'magazi. Ngati mulingo wa neutrophilic granulocytes ndi wotsika kwambiri, timalankhula za a neutropenia.

Agranulocytosis ndi mtundu waukulu wa neutropenia. Amadziwika ndi otsika kwambiri mulingo wa neutrophilic granulocytes, zosakwana 500 / mm3, kapena 0,5 g / L.

Nthawi zambiri, agranulocytosis ndi vuto la magazi lomwe limachitika mutamwa mankhwala enaake. Kutengera komwe kumachokera komanso mawonekedwe ake, pali mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala agranulocytosis:

• pachimake mankhwala ochititsa agranulocytosis, kukula kwake komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuopsa kosankha kwa mankhwala, komwe kumakhudza mzere wa granulocyte wokha;
• Agranulocytosis yopangidwa ndi mankhwala mu nkhani ya aplastic anemia, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa mafupa, omwe amadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa mizere ingapo ya maselo a magazi.

Pankhani ya aplastic anemia, ndizothekanso kusiyanitsa mitundu ingapo ya agranulocytosis. Zoonadi, matenda a magaziwa omwe amadziwika ndi kusokonezeka kwa mapangidwe a maselo a magazi m'mafupa amatha kukhala ndi magwero angapo. Aplastic anemia imatha kuonedwa ngati:

• post-chemotherapy aplastic anemia pambuyo pa chithandizo cha chemotherapy;
• mwangozi aplastic anemia zikayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala enaake.

Ngakhale agranulocytosis yopangidwa ndi mankhwala imayimira pakati pa 64 ndi 83% ya milandu, zolakwika izi zitha kukhala ndi zifukwa zina. Kuchokera ku bakiteriya, mavairasi kapena parasitic, matenda pamlingo wapamwamba angayambitse makamaka kuchepa kwa neutrophilic granulocytes.

Popeza gawo la neutrophilic granuclocytes mu chitetezo chamthupi, agranulocytosis imayika chamoyo pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda. Ma neutrophils sakhala ochuluka mokwanira kutsutsa kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zingayambitse sepsis, kapena sepsis, matenda ambiri kapena kutupa kwa thupi.

Zizindikiro za agranulocytosis ndi matenda. Ikhoza kudziwonetsera yokha ndi zizindikiro zopatsirana m'madera angapo a thupi kuphatikizapo kugaya chakudya, ENT sphere, pulmonary system kapena khungu.

Agranulocytosis pachimake chifukwa cha mankhwala amawonekera mwadzidzidzi ndipo amawonekera ndi kutentha thupi (kupitirira 38,5 ° C) komwe kumatsagana ndi kuzizira. Mu aplasia ya mafupa, kukula kwa agranulocytosis kungakhale pang'onopang'ono.

Agranulocytosis ndi vuto la magazi lomwe limayenera kuthandizidwa mwachangu kuti mupewe zovuta. Ngakhale mankhwala amatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera komwe agranulocytosis idachokera, kasamalidwe kake kamakhala kozikidwa pa:

• kudzipatula m'chipatala kuteteza wodwalayo;
• kuyambitsa kwa mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
• kugwiritsa ntchito granulocyte kukula zinthu kulimbikitsa kupanga neutrophilic granulocytes.