Zonse zokhudza kupanga tchati mu Excel. Gawo ndi sitepe kalozera ndi zowonera

Excel ndi pulogalamu yodabwitsa yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wokonza osati manambala okha. Ndi chithandizo chake, mutha kuyimira chidziwitso chilichonse pomanga zojambula zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndikokwanira kungofotokoza zomwe zili m'maselo, ndipo pulogalamuyo imangopanga tchati potengera iwo. Nenani kuti ndizodabwitsa!

Pankhaniyi, wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusintha mawonekedwe a tchati chomwe amakonda. Lero tisanthula mwatsatanetsatane zida zopangira ma chart mu Excel ndi mapulogalamu ena ofanana. Kupatula apo, mfundo yoyambira siyimangokhala ndiofesi ya Microsoft yokha, sichoncho? Chifukwa chake, mfundo zomwe zafotokozedwa pano zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira ntchito ndi mapulogalamu ena amasamba monga LibreOffice, WPS Office, kapena Google Sheets.

Kupanga tchati kutengera data ya Excel spreadsheet

Musanayambe kupanga ma chart a Excel, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti ndi chiyani komanso kuti ndi chiyani. Pali njira zingapo zoperekera chidziwitso:

1. Zomvera.
2. Zolemba.
3. Zowoneka.
4. Zogwiritsa.

Chodziwika kwambiri kwa munthu wamba ndi njira yolankhulirana ndi malemba yotumizira uthenga. Yoyamba imakhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mawu kuti apereke deta, mfundo ndi ziwerengero zina. Njira yosadalirika kwambiri yomwe sichitha kupereka chidziwitso mwangwiro. Chokhacho chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito powonetsera ndikudzutsa malingaliro ena mwa omvera. Zolemba zimatha kupereka mawu, koma zimakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa kwambiri zodzutsa malingaliro ena. Njira yolumikizirana imaphatikizapo kukhudzidwa kwa omvera (mwachitsanzo, osunga ndalama). Koma ngati tilankhula za data yamabizinesi, ndiye kuti simungathe kusewera kwambiri pano.

Njira yowonera yowonetsera zidziwitso imatsegula zabwino zambiri. Zimathandiza kuphatikiza ubwino wonse wa njira zotsalira. Imatumiza uthenga molondola kwambiri, popeza ili ndi manambala onse, ndipo munthu akhoza kusanthula deta pogwiritsa ntchito graph. Amatha kudzutsa malingaliro. Mwachitsanzo, tangoyang'anani chithunzi cha kufalikira kwa matenda a coronavirus posachedwapa, ndipo zikuwonekeratu momwe graph ingakhudzire gawo lamalingaliro laubongo.

Ndipo chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti, chimatha kuphatikizirapo munthu amene angasankhe kuona mbali imodzi kapena ina ya tchaticho n’kusanthula mfundo zimene akufunikiradi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma chart afalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana a zochita za anthu:

1. Pa ulaliki wa zotsatira za kafukufuku zosiyanasiyana misinkhu. Iyi ndi mfundo yapadziko lonse lapansi kwa ophunzira ndi asayansi omwe amateteza zolembedwa. Chidziwitso chamtunduwu, monga chithunzi, chimatheketsa kulongedza zambiri mu fomu yabwino kwambiri ndikuwonetsa zonse izi kwa omvera ambiri kuti zimveke bwino. Chithunzichi chimakulolani kuti mulimbikitse chidaliro pa zomwe wofunsira digiri ya master kapena udokotala akunena.
2. Panthawi yowonetsera bizinesi. Makamaka kulengedwa kwa zithunzi ndizofunika ngati kuli kofunikira kufotokozera polojekitiyo kwa wogulitsa ndalama kapena lipoti la momwe ntchito yake ikuyendera.

   Izi zidzatsimikizira kuti olemba ntchitoyo amalingalira mozama. Mwa zina, osunga ndalama azitha kusanthula zonse zofunikira pawokha. Chabwino, mfundo yakuti kukhalapo kwa zithunzi palokha kumalimbikitsa chidaliro, chifukwa kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kulondola kwa chidziwitso cha chidziwitso, kumakhalabe m'dera lino ndi zonsezi.

3. Kuti akauze akuluakulu. Management amakonda chilankhulo cha manambala. Komanso, pokhala pamwamba pa udindo, ndi kofunika kwambiri kwa iye. Mwiniwake wa bizinesi iliyonse ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti izi kapena ndalamazo zimalipira zingati, ndi magawo ati opangira omwe alibe phindu komanso omwe ali opindulitsa, ndikumvetsetsa zina zambiri zofunika.

Palinso madera ena ambiri omwe ma chart angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, pophunzitsa. Koma ziribe kanthu kuti ndi zolinga ziti zomwe zimapangidwira, ngati zachitika mu Excel, ndiye kuti palibe chomwe chiyenera kuchitika. Pulogalamuyi idzachita chilichonse kwa munthuyo. M'malo mwake, kupanga ma chart mu Excel sikusiyana kwenikweni ndi kupanga matebulo okhazikika. Choncho, aliyense akhoza kuwalenga mophweka. Koma kuti timveke bwino, tiyeni tifotokoze mfundo yofunika monga malangizo. Tsatirani izi:

1. Musanapange graph kapena tchati, choyamba muyenera kupanga tebulo ndi chidziwitso chomwe chidzagwiritsidwe ntchito. Tiyeni tipangenso tebulo lotere.
2. Pambuyo popanga tebulo, muyenera kupeza malo omwe adzagwiritsidwe ntchito pa tchati, ndiyeno dinani pa tabu "Ikani" ndi batani lakumanzere la mbewa kamodzi. Pambuyo pake, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo azitha kusankha mtundu wa tchati womwe angakonde. Ichi ndi graph, ndi pie tchati, ndi histogram. Pali malo oti mukulitse.
   

   Chenjerani! Mapulogalamu amasiyana pakati pawo mu chiwerengero cha mitundu ya zithunzi zomwe zingathe kupangidwa.

3. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina yambiri ya ma chart. Iwo sali otchuka chotero. Kuti muwone mndandanda wonse wamitundu yomwe ilipo, pitani ku menyu ya "Diagram" ndikusankha mtundu wina wake pamenepo. Tikuwona kuti pali menyu yosiyana pang'ono pano. Palibe chodabwitsa pa izi, chifukwa mabataniwo amatha kusiyana osati kutengera mtundu wa ofesi, komanso kusiyanasiyana kwa pulogalamuyo ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito. Apa ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zomveka poyamba, ndipo china chilichonse chiyenera kukhala chanzeru.
4. Mukasankha mtundu woyenera wa tchati, dinani pamenepo. Kenako mudzapatsidwa mndandanda wa subtypes, ndipo muyenera kusankha yomwe ikugwirizana ndi zomwe muli nazo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati histogram anasankhidwa, mukhoza kusankha wokhazikika, kapamwamba, voliyumu, ndi zina zotero. Mndandanda wa mitundu yokhala ndi zithunzi, momwe mungamvetsetse momwe chithunzi chomaliza chidzawonekera, chili mwachindunji mumenyu iyi.
5. Timadina pa subtype yomwe tikufuna, pambuyo pake pulogalamuyo idzachita zonse zokha. Tchati chotsatira chidzawonekera pazenera.
6. Kwa ife chithunzicho chinakhala motere.
7. Ngati titasankha mtundu wa "Tchati", ndiye kuti tchati chathu chikuwoneka chonchi.
8. Tchati cha chitumbuwa chili ndi mawonekedwe awa.

Monga mukuonera, malangizowo si ovuta konse. Ndikokwanira kulowa pang'ono deta, ndipo kompyuta idzachita zina zonse kwa inu.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ma chart mu Excel

Titapanga tchati, titha kusintha kale. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupeza tabu "Wopanga" pamwamba pa pulogalamuyi. Gululi lili ndi kuthekera kokhazikitsa mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a tchati chomwe tidapanga kale. Mwachitsanzo, wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusintha mtundu wa mizati, komanso kusintha kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, sinthani mtundu kapena subtype. Chifukwa chake, kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupita ku chinthu cha "Sinthani mtundu wa tchati", ndipo pamndandanda womwe umawonekera, mutha kusankha mtundu womwe mukufuna. Apa mutha kuwonanso mitundu yonse yomwe ilipo ndi ma subtypes.

Tikhozanso kuwonjezera zina pa tchati chopangidwa. Kuti muchite izi, dinani batani loyenera, lomwe lili pomwepo kumanzere kwa gululo.

Mukhozanso kukhazikitsa mwamsanga. Pali chida chapadera cha izi. Batani lolingana nalo limapezeka kumanja kwa menyu ya "Add Chart Element". Apa mutha kusankha pafupifupi njira iliyonse yopangira yomwe ikugwirizana ndi ntchito yomwe ilipo.

Zimakhalanso zothandiza ngati pali dzina la aliyense wa iwo pafupi ndi mizati. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuwonjezera mawu ofotokozera kudzera pa menyu ya "Add Chart Element". Pambuyo podina batani ili, mndandanda udzatsegulidwa momwe tili ndi chidwi ndi chinthucho. Kenako timasankha momwe mawu ofotokozera adzawonekera. Mu chitsanzo chathu - chowonetsedwa pazithunzi.

Tsopano tchatichi sichimangowonetsa bwino chidziwitsocho, komanso chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kumvetsetsa zomwe ndime iliyonse imatanthauza.

Kodi mungakhazikitse bwanji tchati chokhala ndi maperesenti?

Tsopano tiyeni tipite ku zitsanzo zenizeni. Ngati tikufuna kupanga tchati momwe timagwirira ntchito ndi maperesenti, ndiye kuti tiyenera kusankha mtundu wozungulira. Langizo lokha lili motere:

1. Malinga ndi njira yomwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, ndikofunikira kupanga tebulo ndi deta ndikusankha mitundu yomwe ili ndi deta yomwe idzagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga tchati. Pambuyo pake, pitani ku tabu "Insert" ndikusankha mtundu woyenera.
2. Pambuyo pa sitepe yapitayi, pulogalamuyo idzatsegula tabu ya "Constructor" yokha. Kenako, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ayenera kusanthula zomwe zilipo ndikupeza zomwe zikuwonetsa maperesenti.
3. Ntchito inanso yokhala ndi tchati ya chitumbuwa idzachitika chimodzimodzi.

Momwe mungasinthire kukula kwa mafonti pa chart ya Excel

Kupanga makonda Mafonti a tchati kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga kuti ikhale yosinthika komanso yophunzitsa. Zimathandizanso ngati ziyenera kuwonetsedwa pazenera lalikulu. Nthawi zambiri kukula kwake sikokwanira kuti anthu awonekere pamzere wakumbuyo. Kuti muyike kukula kwa zilembo zamatchati, muyenera dinani kumanja pa lebulo yoyenera ndikudina chinthu chamtundu chomwe chili pamndandanda womwe ukuwonekera.

Pambuyo pake, muyenera kusintha zonse zofunika ndi kumadula "Chabwino" batani kuwapulumutsa.

Tchati cha Pareto - tanthauzo ndi mfundo yomanga mu Excel

Anthu ambiri amadziwa mfundo ya Pareto, yomwe imanena kuti 20% ya khama limapereka 80% ya zotsatira ndi mosemphanitsa. Pogwiritsa ntchito mfundoyi, mutha kujambula chithunzi chomwe chidzakulolani kuti mupeze zambiri zomwe zimagwira ntchito zomwe zotsatira zake zinali zazikulu kwambiri. Ndipo kupanga tchati chamtunduwu, zida zomangira za Microsoft Excel ndizokwanira. Kuti mupange infographic yotere, muyenera kusankha mtundu wa "Histogram". Tsatanetsatane wa zochita zathu ndi motere:

1. Tiyeni tipange tebulo lomwe limafotokoza mayina azinthu. Tidzakhala ndi magawo angapo. Ndime yoyamba ifotokoza kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zagulidwa ndi ndalama. Gawo lachiwiri limalemba phindu kuchokera ku malonda a katunduwa.
2. Timapanga histogram wamba kwambiri. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupeza tabu "Ikani", ndiyeno sankhani mtundu woyenera wa tchati.
3. Tsopano tili ndi tchati chokonzeka, chomwe chili ndi mizati 2 yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, iliyonse yomwe imayimira gawo linalake. Pansipa mutha kuwona nthano ya tchati, malinga ndi zomwe timamvetsetsa komwe ndime.
4. Chotsatira chomwe tiyenera kuchita ndikukonza gawo lomwe liri ndi udindo wopeza phindu. Tikuyang'anizana ndi ntchito yowona kusintha kwake muzochitika. Chifukwa chake, tikufuna mtundu wa tchati cha "Graph". Chifukwa chake, pagawo la "Designer", tifunika kupeza batani la "Sintha Mtundu wa Tchati" ndikudina pamenepo. Kenako sankhani ndandanda kuchokera pamndandandawo. Ndikofunika kuti musaiwale kusankha gawo loyenera musanachite izi.

Tsopano tchati cha Pareto chakonzeka. Mutha kusanthula magwiridwe antchito ndikuzindikira zomwe zitha kuperekedwa popanda mantha. Kusintha tchatichi kumachitika chimodzimodzi monga kale. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kuwonjezera zilembo ku mipiringidzo ndi mfundo pa tchati, kusintha mtundu wa mizere, mizati, ndi zina zotero.

Chifukwa chake, Excel ili ndi zida zazikulu zopangira ma chart ndikusintha mwamakonda. Ngati mumayesa zoikamo nokha, zambiri zimamveka bwino ndipo mudzatha kupanga ma graph a zovuta zilizonse ndikuzipangitsa kuti ziwerengeke. Ndipo izi ndi zomwe Investor aliyense, bwana kapena kasitomala amafunikira. Zojambulazo zimapeza ntchito yawo m'mbali zonse zomwe zingatheke. Chifukwa chake, Excel imatengedwa ngati pulogalamu yayikulu kuti mupange ndalama. Tsopano mwayandikira kwambiri kwa iwo. Zabwino zonse.