Kugawa ndi kugawa deta mu Excel. Gawo ndi sitepe malangizo ndi chithunzi

Tsopano ndi nthawi ya chidziwitso. Kuchuluka kwa deta yomwe anthu amayenera kukonza tsiku lililonse ikukula kwambiri. Izi zikugwira ntchito pazigawo zonse za moyo, kuphatikizapo ntchito. Tsopano pali madera ochulukirachulukira a zochita za anthu momwe pakufunika kufunikira kotha kukonza mwachangu zidziwitso zambiri.

Chimodzi mwazinthu za Excel zomwe zimakulolani kuchita izi ndikuyika magulu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti chidziwitso chokonzekera chimathandizira kugwira ntchito osati ndi zonse zomwe zilipo, koma ndi magawo ang'onoang'ono. Ngati munyamula zidziwitso zamtundu womwewo mu chipika chimodzi, ndiye kuti ndizosavuta pakompyuta komanso kwa munthuyo. Pafupifupi palibe malo omwe kusanjidwa kwa chidziwitso sikungakhale kofunikira:

1. Sales data processing. Malo osungiramo katundu nthawi zonse amalandira magulu akuluakulu azinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi mtengo wosiyana, kulemera kwake, wogulitsa, dzina, ndi zina zotero. Kupanga deta kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuyenda mumndandanda wonsewu wa chidziwitso.
2. Maphunziro. Ubwino wa maphunziro ndi maphunziro aumwini ndizogwirizana kwambiri ndi momwe chidziwitsocho chimapangidwira bwino. Chifukwa chake, ngati mugawa molondola deta yamtundu womwewo mbali ndi mbali, kudzakhala kosavuta kuchita osati ntchito zenizeni zokhudzana ndi ziwerengero, mwachitsanzo, komanso ntchito zamantha, kukonza homuweki, ndi zina zotero.
3. Report Accounting. Owerengera nthawi zonse amayenera kuthana ndi manambala, omwe ali ndi kulumikizana ndi manambala ena. Ndipo kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwira ntchito ndi zikhalidwe zambiri uXNUMXbuXNUMX zogwirizana wina ndi mnzake komanso zidziwitso zamtundu wina, ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito magulu azidziwitso.

Komanso, ntchito yosonkhanitsa deta imakupatsani mwayi wobisa zambiri zakale. Tiyeni tiwone momwe zimagwirira ntchito komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito.

Momwe mungakhazikitsire magawo a ntchito

Kuti mugwire ntchito ndi gulu la data, muyenera kuyikonza kaye. Kuti muchite izi, pitani ku tabu "Data" ndikupeza njira ya "Structure" pamenepo. Kenako, tumphuka gulu adzaoneka limene muyenera kupeza batani m'munsi kumanja ngodya.

Pambuyo pake, zenera lidzawoneka momwe muyenera kusankha mabokosi oyenera ndikudina OK. Zokonda izi zimayang'anira momwe deta idzawonekere.

zofunika: m'kuchita, anthu ambiri zimawavuta kusonyeza ziwerengero pansi deta. Chifukwa chake, mutha kusiya bokosi ili osasankhidwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuti muwone bokosi la "Automatic Styles".

Mukamaliza masitepe awa, mutha kuyamba nthawi yomweyo kusonkhanitsa zambiri.

Momwe mungasankhire deta ndi mizere

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa pamizere yamagulu, pochita.

1. Pangani mzere watsopano pamwamba kapena pansi womwe tikufuna kuwayika m'magulu. Zonse zimatengera njira yowonetsera zotsatira zomwe zidasankhidwa pagawo lapitalo.
2. Chotsatira ndikupanga mutu wa tebulo mu selo lakumanzere la mzere wowonjezeredwa. Ili lidzakhala dzina la gulu lomwe maselo adzaphatikizidwa omwe ali ofala pamaziko ena.
3. Sankhani maselo onse omwe ali m'munsi mwa mzere womwe wangopangidwa kumene kapena pamwamba pake (kutengera zomwe tidachita pagawo loyamba). Pambuyo pake, timayang'ana batani la "Kapangidwe" pa tabu ya deta ndipo timapeza njira ya "Gulu". Ndikofunikira kuti musadina muvi kapena dzina la lamulo mugawo la pop-up, koma pazithunzi.

Mukadinabe muvi wapansi, menyu yowonjezera idzawonekera momwe mungasankhire ntchito yamagulu kapena kupanga mapangidwe. Tikufuna kupanga magulu panthawiyi.

Pambuyo pake, timasankha chinthu chachikulu chomwe gululo lidzachitike. Ikhoza kukhala mizere kapena mizati. Ngati simusintha chilichonse, ndiye kuti chinthu choyamba chimasankhidwa mwachisawawa. Pambuyo poonetsetsa kuti zoikamo zakhazikitsidwa momwe tikufunikira, tiyenera kutsimikizira zochita zathu mwa kukanikiza OK batani. Popeza tikuyika magulu pamzere, sitifunika kusintha kalikonse, timangofunika kuwunika kawiri.

zofunika: ngati, musanayambe kusonkhanitsa zinthu, simunasankhe selo, koma mizere yonse kapena mizere pa gulu logwirizanitsa, ndiye kuti bokosi la zokambirana siliwoneka. Pulogalamuyo idziwa zoyenera kuchita payokha.

Mfundo yakuti mizereyo inagawidwa m'magulu, tikhoza kumvetsa ndi chizindikiro chochotsera pa gulu logwirizanitsa. Izi zikutiuza kuti deta idawululidwa. Tsopano titha kuwabisa podina chizindikirochi kapena podina batani 1 pamwamba pang'ono (zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwamagulu).

Tikuwona kuti mizere yobisika, ndipo chizindikiro chochotsera chasintha kukhala chowonjezera. Kuti mutsegule mzere womwe mukufuna, mutha kudina, kenako pulogalamuyo izichita yokha. Ngati mukufuna kukulitsa mizere yonse, ndiye kuti muyenera dinani batani "2", lomwe lili pamwamba pa gulu logwirizanitsa pankhaniyi.

Momwe mungasankhire mizati

Kupanga magulu, algorithm ya zochita imakhala yofanana:

1. Malingana ndi zomwe tasankha muzokonda, tifunika kuyika ndime yatsopano kumanzere kapena kumanja kwa malo omwe agawidwa.
2. Timalemba dzina la gululo mu selo lapamwamba kwambiri lagawo lowonekera.
3. Timasankha mizati yonse yomwe tifunika kuyika m'magulu (ingosiyani yomwe tidawonjezera pa gawo loyamba), ndiyeno dinani batani la "Gulu" mofanana ndi ndondomeko yomwe tafotokozera pamwambapa.
4. Tsopano tiyenera alemba pa "Columns" chinthu pa zenera laling'ono ndi kumadula "Chabwino" batani.
5. Zabwino zonse.

Zindikirani. Monga momwe mukuyika m'magulu mizere, ngati tisankha mizati yonse mu bar yolumikizira yopingasa, sitipeza bokosi laling'ono la zokambirana.

Momwe mungapangire magulu ambiri

Excel ndi pulogalamu yogwira ntchito, koma kuthekera kwake sikutha ndi gulu limodzi, monga tafotokozera m'zitsanzo pamwambapa. Palinso kuthekera kophatikiza ma cell ndi magawo angapo. Izi zimachitika motere:

1. Poyamba, gulu lalikulu limapangidwa mwanjira yomwe tafotokozazi. Magulu ang'onoang'ono adzawonjezedwa kwa izo.
2. Pambuyo pake, timaonetsetsa kuti gulu lalikulu latsegulidwa. Mmenemo, timachitanso zomwe tafotokozazi. Masitepe enieni amadalira ngati munthuyo akugwira ntchito ndi mizere kapena mizati.
3. Zotsatira zake, magulu amagulu angapo amatha kupangidwa.

Malangizo ochotsa deta

Zinthu zitha kuchitika ngati gulu lomwe linapangidwa kale kapena gulu laling'ono silikufunikanso. Pali ntchito yosiyana ya izi - "Ongroup". Kuti mugwiritse ntchito, muyenera kutsatira njira zotsatirazi:

1. Sankhani zinthu zomwe zili mbali ya gulu.
2. Tsegulani tabu "Data".
3. Timapeza gulu la "Kapangidwe" pamenepo, tsegulani ndi muvi pansipa.
4. Pamenepo, dinani batani la "Ongroup". Ndikofunika kwambiri kudina chizindikirocho, osati zolembazo.

Kenako, timasankha zomwe tikufuna kuchotsa. Timasankha chinthu chomwe chili choyenera malinga ndi zomwe taziika m'magulu. Mukamaliza kuchita, dinani OK batani.

Chenjerani! Ngati izi zisanachitike gulu lamagulu ambiri lidapangidwa kapena magulu angapo osiyanasiyana adapangidwa, ndiye kuti ayenera kusinthidwa mosiyana.

Apa timalandiranso zotsatira zotere.

Iyi ndi algorithm yanthawi zonse yophatikizira ma cell, koma monga mubizinesi iliyonse, pali ma nuances ambiri. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane.

Momwe mungasinthire mapepala

Zingakhale zofunikira kuchotsa mapepala nthawi ndi nthawi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

1. Poyamba, timapeza mapepala omwe aikidwa m'magulu. Ngati mapepalawo asonkhanitsidwa pasadakhale, adzawonetsedwa mumtundu womwewo kapena mutuwo ukhala wakuda kwambiri.
2. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kudina kumanja pa pepala limodzi la gululo, kenako dinani batani la "Osa gulu" pazosankha. Tsopano iwo adzakhala opanda gulu, ndipo zosintha zonse zidzapangidwa kwa iwo popanda ena.

Njira inanso yochotsera ma sheet ndikugwiritsa ntchito kiyi ya Shift ndikudina papepala lomwe likupezeka pagulu lomwe mukufuna kusiya. Ndiye kuti, muyenera kufotokozera gulu lomwe kusagwirizana kuli kofunika, kenako dinani pa tabu imodzi, kenako dinani pamene mukugwira fungulo la Shift.

Zosintha zitapangidwa, mutha kupanga magulu ena mwamasamba. Kuti muchite izi, dinani Ctrl kapena Cmd fungulo (loyamba ndi la makompyuta omwe ali ndi Windows, ndipo lachiwiri ndi laukadaulo wa Apple), ndipo mutagwira batani, dinani mosinthana pamapepala omwe mukufuna kuphatikiza pagulu. Pambuyo pake, pulogalamuyi idzachita zonse kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.

Momwe mungasinthire deta yosungidwa pamanja

Musanagawanitse ma cell, muyenera kumvetsetsa kaye momwe adasanjidwira: pamanja kapena zokha. Kugawa pamanja kumatengedwa ngati njira yomwe tafotokozayi. Kupanga magulu magulu ndi pamene amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito zina. Mwachitsanzo, pambuyo popanga ma subtotals. Mfundo yakuti mwayiwu unagwiritsidwa ntchito ukhoza kumveka kuchokera pamzere wakuti "Zotsatira zapakatikati".

Ngati deta idayikidwa m'magulu mwa ntchito ya dzina lomwelo Excel, ndiye kuti muthetse, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti gululo latumizidwa. Ngati sichoncho, ndiye kuti muyenera dinani batani + pampando wakumanzere. Mfundo yakuti gulu likugwiritsidwa ntchito, tikhoza kuweruza ndi batani - pamalo omwewo. Tikakulitsa gulu, timayamba kuwona mizere yobisika ndi magulu. Pambuyo pake, pogwiritsa ntchito kiyibodi kapena batani lakumanzere, sankhani maselo onse mu gululo, ndiyeno - molingana ndi ndondomeko yomwe tafotokozayi.

Ndi anthu ochepa omwe amadziwa kuti pali njira ina yochotsera maselo osankhidwa pamanja - pogwiritsa ntchito ma hotkey.

Kuti muchite izi, choyamba muyenera kusankha mizati yomwe yaikidwa m'magulu, ndiyeno dinani makiyi a Alt + Shift + Kumanzere. Ngati ntchitoyi ikuchitika pakompyuta yoyendetsedwa ndi Mac OS, ndiye kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito makiyi a Command + Shift + J.

Momwe mungasinthire deta yosungidwa m'magulu

Ngati, chifukwa cha cheke chomwe chidachitika m'ndime yapitayi, zidapezeka kuti detayo idagawidwa yokha, ndiye kuti zonse zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, popeza ntchito yofananira yamagulu sigwira ntchito pakadali pano. Zochita zimatengera zomwe zidachitika pakugawa deta. Ngati iyi ndi ntchito ya "Subtotals", ndiye kuti kutsatizana kwa zochita kuli motere:

1. Timatsegula tabu yomweyi ndi deta pagulu lalikulu (kapena riboni, monga imatchedwanso nthawi zambiri).
2. Mukadina batani la "Subtotals" (zomwe ndizomwe tikuyenera kuchita ngati gawo lachiwiri), tidzakhala ndi zenera. Batani lokha liri mu gawo lomwelo - Kapangidwe. Pambuyo pake, zenera lidzawonekera pomwe tiyenera dinani batani "Chotsani Zonse". Itha kupezeka pakona yakumanzere kwa zenera kapena kwina kulikonse (kutengera mtundu wa Office ndi pulogalamu yamasamba).

Chenjerani! Njirayi imachotsa osati gulu lokha, komanso ma subtotals. Choncho, ngati mukufunikira kuwasunga, ndi bwino kukopera zigawo zamagulu ku pepala lina ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito ngati zopanda magulu.

Lingaliro lamphamvu pamachitidwe aliwonse okhala ndi tebulo kumagulu kapena kugawa deta. Musanachite izi, muyenera kupanga kope la tebulo loyambirira. Pankhaniyi, mutha kubwezeretsanso mawonekedwe apachiyambi a chikalatacho ngati china chake sichikuyenda molingana ndi dongosolo.

Chifukwa chake, Excel ili ndi magwiridwe antchito ambiri pakukonza deta. Zachidziwikire, sizingathe kuchita chilichonse kwa munthu, koma zimakupatsani mwayi wokonza ntchito ndi data yokhazikika. Zina zonse ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi munthuyo. Komabe, ichi ndi chida chogwira ntchito kwambiri chomwe chidzakhala chothandiza kwambiri kwa iwo omwe amayenera kugwira ntchito ndi zidziwitso zambiri za manambala ndi zolemba.