Zonse zokhudza kubwereza sukulu

“Mukapitiriza chonchi, mudzabwerezanso!” »Zowopsazi, mwina tidazimva tsiku lina mkamwa mwa makolo athu, zitatha zotsatira zakusukulu. Lero maudindo asintha, ndipo ndi mwana wanu amene akuvutika m'kalasi. Kaya ku pulaimale, ku koleji kapena ku sekondale, funso la kubwerezabwereza likhoza kubwera panthawi ya maphunziro ... Kodi mwana wanga angabwereze? Kodi ndili ndi zonena? Kodi chisankhochi chingakhale chotani m'maganizo? Timatenga zinthu pamodzi ndi Florence Millot, katswiri wa zamaganizo a ana, wolemba buku la "Kuphunzira kuganizira kwambiri: Kumvetsetsa mwana wanu, kumulimbikitsa komanso kusewera naye". 

Pulayimale, koleji, kusekondale: ziwerengero zikugwa ku France, malinga ndi maphunziro

“Mosiyana ndi zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, kubwereza chaka ndi a zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira kusukulu », Akutsindika Florence Millot, katswiri wa zamaganizo a ana. Ziwerengerozi zikuwonetsadi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kubwerezabwereza ku France. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa "Repères et References Statistics de l'Éducation Nationale", kuchuluka kwa kubwereza mu CP mchaka cha 2018 ndi 1,9% m’sukulu za boma, poyerekeza ndi 3,4% mu 2011. Kutsika uku ndi kofanana m'magulu osiyanasiyana a maphunziro a pulayimale, mlingo wotsika kwambiri kukhala 0,4% kwa makalasi a CM1 ndi CM2. Komabe, ngati ziwerengerozi zikutsika, zimakhalabe zapamwamba kwambiri pamaphunziro onse, ngati tiyerekeze ndi makalasi a mayiko oyandikana nawo. Mu kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu 2012 ndi Program International for the Monitoring of Student Achievement (PISA), 28% ya anthu aku France azaka 15 adanena kuti abwereza kamodzi. France idakhala pampando wa 5th dziko pomwe kubwereza ndikokwera kwambiri pakati pa mayiko a OECD. 

Ndi kalasi iti yomwe imabwerezedwa kwambiri?

ndi nthawi zambiri kalasi yachiwiri, kusukulu ya sekondale, yomwe imabwerezedwa kwambiri, ndi 15% ya ophunzira akusekondale akukhudzidwa. Chifukwa chachikulu cha kuchuluka kwa izi kukhala kusankha kumene kumapeto kwa chaka. Nthawi zambiri, zomwe aphunzitsi amalangiza zimatsutsana ndi zokhumba za mabanja. Kenaka amapempha aphunzitsi kuti alole mwana wawo kubwereza chaka, kuti amulole, mwinamwake, kuti apeze maphunziro omwe akufuna.

Malinga ndi lamulo, ndi liti pamene kuli kokakamizika kubwerezabwereza? Kodi ndizothekabe kubwereza chaka?

Ku France, kuyambira pomwe lamuloli lidakhazikitsidwa mu 2014, kubwereza kalasi kwakhala njira yachilendo kwambiri, makamaka chifukwa cha mikangano yokhudza zotsatira zabwino zomwe zingachitike. Zindikirani: ndizoletsedwa ku sukulu ya kindergarten. Komabe, aphunzitsi amatha kufotokoza izi m'makalasi ena. Kumbali ina, sikukhala kopanda bwino m'maphunziro komwe kungakhale chifukwa chachikulu. Kubwerezabwereza kumaganiziridwa makamaka ngati wophunzirayo waphonya mbali yaikulu ya sukulu yake. Pambuyo pake, ku koleji kapena kusukulu ya sekondale, kubwerezabwereza kungakhale chifukwa cha kusagwirizana pakati pa makolo (kapena oimira malamulo) ndi aphunzitsi pazochitika za mwanayo. 

Mkangano pakuchita bwino: bwanji osabwereza chaka?

Ngati kubwerezabwereza kumakhala ndi mphepo yochepa m'matanga ake, ndi chifukwa chakuti kumadzudzulidwa kwambiri m'masukulu, pakati pa aphunzitsi ndi atsogoleri a sukulu. Kwa ambiri, kubwereza chaka si njira yabwino yothetsera kulephera kwa sukulu ndi kusiya sukulu, ndi zotsatira zake zabwino ndi zochepa kwambiri. Milandu yomwe izi zatha kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro a obwereza ndizosowa m'makalasi. Kubwereza chaka kumawonedwanso ngati nkhonya kwa ana omwe amadziona kuti ndi otsika. Pankhaniyi, zingakhale zotsutsana, kusiya mwanayo kukayikira kwambiri zomwe angathe. Ngati mwana wanu wakhudzidwa ndi kubwerezabwereza, muyenera kulankhula naye za izo, ndi kumufotokozera zifukwa zenizeni za chisankhochi. Kubwerezabwereza sikuyenera kuwonedwa ngati kulephera, zomwe zingamupangitse kuti asaperekenso zoyesayesa za chaka chotsatira.

Kusunga sukulu: kodi tingapikisane kubwerezabwereza?

Chofunikira kwambiri pakubwereza kalasi kuti mudziwe ngati kholo ndikuti nthawi zonse muzikhala ndi zonena zanu. Kuyambira trimester yachiwiri, mungasankhe kusamutsira mwana wanu giredi yotsatira kapena ayi. Ngati zovuta zikuwonekera kale, musazengereze kukhazikitsa maphunziro othandizira kuti apititse patsogolo maphunziro awo. Ndi mu kotala yomaliza ya chaka cha sukulu pamene aphunzitsi adzapereka maganizo awo omaliza pa kusungidwa kwa wophunzira mu mlingo, zomwe zikhoza kutsutsidwa ndi makolo a ophunzira mkati mwa masiku khumi ndi asanu. Komiti ya apilo idzakonzedwa kuti ipange chisankho cha kalasi ya mwanayo. 

Ndiko kuti: kusukulu ya pulayimale, kuyambira 2018, kubwerezabwereza zitha kutchulidwa kamodzi kokha ndi bungwe la aphunzitsi pakati pa CP ndi koleji.

Ndi zotsatira zotani kwa mwana yemwe ayenera kubwereza chaka cha sukulu?

“Ngakhale kuti mwana aliyense ali wosiyana, kubwerezabwereza kungakhudze kudzidalira kwake. Ndi nthawi yovuta kukhala ndi moyo, yomwe ingakhalenso yosathandiza. Timawona ana omwe kusiya kwathunthu atabwereza chaka chimodzi chifukwa sanamvetse chifukwa chake. Chifukwa chake lingaliro ili likuchulukirachulukira, "akufotokoza Florence Millot. Chiyeso chovuta kwa ana komanso kwa makolo: “Mwana wobwerezabwereza, amateronso kwa makolo. Pakhoza kukhala kumverera kuti walephera kutsagana naye ”.

Sinthani kubwerezabwereza bwino ndi mwana wanu

Momwe mungapangire kubwereza kukhala kovuta momwe mungathere? “Choyamba, muyenera kudzifunsa mafunso oyenera. Zingakhale zogwirizana ndi funsani katswiri wa zamaganizo, chifukwa mwina mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la khalidwe lomwe silinadziwike, monga kusokonezeka maganizo kapena kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso mwachitsanzo kapena mphatso. Musazengereze kutenga makalasi ophunzitsira kapena ntchito zatsopano machitidwe othandizira. Cholinga cha kubwereza chaka sichikutanthauza kuti abwerezenso pulogalamu yomweyi mofanana ndi kusunga kulephera kwa maphunziro, "akulangiza Florence Millot. Mulimonsemo, musazengereze kutero maganizo et sewera pansi izi, zomwe sizimangokhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa, makamaka kwa nthawi yayitali: "N'kopanda ntchito kukhumudwa" kutaya "chaka chifukwa chobwereza chaka. Kukhala wamkulu wachinyamata ndikusintha 19 kapena kupitilira apo mu moyo wa ophunzira sizovuta. Mayendedwe a maphunziro a aliyense ndi osiyana, ndipo potsiriza kubwereza chaka ndi dontho m'nyanja yomwe ndi moyo wa mwanayo ".