Zamkatimu
Monga lamulo, anthu amagwiritsa ntchito chiwerengero chochepa cha ma fomu a Excel, ngakhale pali ntchito zingapo zomwe anthu amaiwala mopanda chilungamo. Komabe, angathandize kwambiri kuthetsa mavuto ambiri. Kuti mudziwe bwino masamu, muyenera kutsegula tabu ya "Mafomula" ndikupeza chinthu cha "Math" pamenepo. Tiwona zina mwazochitazi chifukwa mafomula aliwonse omwe angathe ku Excel ali ndi ntchito yakeyake.
Ntchito masamu a manambala mwachisawawa ndi zotheka kuphatikiza
Izi ndi ntchito zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wogwira ntchito ndi manambala mwachisawawa. Ndiyenera kunena kuti palibe manambala ongochitika mwachisawawa. Zonsezi zimapangidwa motsatira ndondomeko zina. Komabe, pothana ndi mavuto omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito, ngakhale jenereta ya manambala osasinthika imatha kukhala yothandiza kwambiri. Ntchito zamasamu zomwe zimapanga manambala mwachisawawa zimaphatikizapo PAKATI PA Mlandu, SLCHIS, CHISLCOMB, ZOONA. Tiyeni tione aliyense wa iwo mwatsatanetsatane.
ntchito PAKATI PA Mlandu
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'gululi. Zimapanga nambala yachisawawa yomwe imalowa mkati mwa malire ena. Ndikofunika kulingalira kuti ngati chiwerengerocho chili chochepa kwambiri, manambala angakhale ofanana. Mawu omasulira ndi osavuta: =RANDBETWEEN(mtengo wotsika; mtengo wapamwamba). Magawo omwe amaperekedwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kukhala manambala ndi ma cell omwe ali ndi manambala ena. Kuyika kovomerezeka pa mkangano uliwonse.
Nambala yoyamba m'mabulaketi ndi nambala yochepa yomwe ili pansipa yomwe jenereta singagwire ntchito. Mogwirizana ndi izi, chachiwiri ndi chiwerengero chachikulu. Kupitilira izi, Excel sidzayang'ana nambala mwachisawawa. Zotsutsana zimatha kukhala zofanana, koma pakadali pano nambala imodzi yokha idzapangidwa.
Nambala iyi ikusintha mosalekeza. Nthawi iliyonse chikalatacho chisinthidwa, mtengo wake ndi wosiyana.
ntchito SLCHIS
Ntchitoyi imapanga mtengo wosasintha, malire ake omwe amangokhazikitsidwa pamlingo wa 0 ndi 1. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo pogwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito imodzi kangapo. Pankhaniyi, sipadzakhala kusinthidwa kwa zowerengera.
Simufunikanso kudutsa magawo ena owonjezera pa ntchitoyi. Chifukwa chake, mawu ake ndi osavuta momwe angathere: =CHUMWI(). Ndizothekanso kubweza ziwerengero zachisawawa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito SLCHIS. Fomula idzakhala: =RAND()*(max limit-min limit)+min malire.
Ngati mukulitsa chilinganizo kumaselo onse, ndiye kuti mutha kukhazikitsa nambala iliyonse yachisawawa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chikhomo cha autofill (malo apakati pakona yakumanzere kwa selo yosankhidwa).
ntchito NUMBERCOMB
Ntchitoyi ndi ya nthambi ya masamu monga combinatorics. Imatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa kuphatikiza kwapadera kwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili mu zitsanzo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu, mwachitsanzo, pakufufuza kwachiwerengero mu sayansi ya chikhalidwe cha anthu. Syntax ya ntchitoyi ili motere: =NUMBERCOMB(sungani kukula, chiwerengero cha zinthu). Tiyeni tiwone mikangano iyi mwatsatanetsatane:
- Kukula kokhazikitsidwa ndi chiwerengero chonse cha zinthu zomwe zili mu chitsanzo. Kungakhale chiwerengero cha anthu, katundu, ndi zina zotero.
- Kuchuluka kwa zinthu. Chizindikiro ichi chikutanthauza ulalo kapena nambala yomwe ikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwazinthu zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika. Chofunikira chachikulu pamtengo wa mkangano uwu ndikuti nthawi zonse chiyenera kukhala chaching'ono kuposa choyambirira.
Kulowetsa mikangano yonse ndikofunikira. Mwa zina, zonse ziyenera kukhala zabwino mumayendedwe. Tiyeni titenge chitsanzo chaching’ono. Tinene kuti tili ndi zinthu zinayi - ABCD. Ntchitoyi ndi iyi: kusankha zosakaniza m'njira yakuti manambala asabwereze. Komabe, malo awo samaganiziridwa. Ndiko kuti, pulogalamuyo sidzasamala ngati ikuphatikiza AB kapena BA.
Tiyeni tsopano tilowetse ndondomeko yomwe tikufuna kuti tipeze zosakaniza izi: =NUMBERCOMB(4). Zotsatira zake, 6 zophatikizira zomwe zingatheke zidzawonetsedwa, zomwe zimakhala ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana.
INVOICE ntchito
Mu masamu, pali chinthu monga factorial. Mtengowu umatanthauza nambala yomwe imapezeka pochulukitsa manambala achilengedwe mpaka nambala iyi. Mwachitsanzo, chiwerengero cha nambala 3 chidzakhala nambala 6, ndipo chiwerengero cha nambala 6 chidzakhala nambala 720. Factorial imatanthauzidwa ndi mfundo yofuula. Ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito DZIWANI zimakhala zotheka kupeza factorial. Syntax ya formula: = ZOONA (nambala). Factorial imafanana ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zingatheke kuphatikiza pamtengo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati tili ndi zinthu zitatu, ndiye kuti chiwerengero chachikulu cha zosakaniza mu nkhani iyi chidzakhala 6.
Nambala kutembenuka ntchito
Kutembenuza manambala ndikuchita nawo ntchito zina zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi masamu. Mwachitsanzo, kutembenuza nambala kukhala Roman, kubwezeretsa gawo lake. Zochita izi zimagwiridwa ndi ntchito ABS ndi ROMAN. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane.
ABS ntchito
Timakukumbutsani kuti modulus ndi mtunda wopita ku ziro pa axis coordinate. Ngati mukuganiza za mzere wopingasa wokhala ndi manambala olembedwapo mu increments ya 1, ndiye kuti mutha kuwona kuti kuchokera pa nambala 5 mpaka ziro ndipo kuchokera pa nambala -5 mpaka ziro padzakhala nambala yofanana ya maselo. Mtunda umenewu umatchedwa modulus. Monga tikuonera, modulus ya -5 ndi 5, popeza zimatengera maselo 5 kuti adutse kuti akafike ku ziro.
Kuti mupeze modulus ya nambala, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito ya ABS. Mawu ake ndi osavuta. Ndikokwanira kulemba nambala m'mabulaketi, pambuyo pake mtengowo udzabwezeredwa. Mawu akuti: =ABS(nambala). Ngati mulemba fomula =ABS(-4), ndiye zotsatira za ntchitozi zidzakhala 4.
ROMAN ntchito
Ntchitoyi imasintha nambala yachiarabu kukhala yachiroma. Fomula ili ndi mfundo ziwiri. Yoyamba ndi yovomerezeka, ndipo yachiwiri ikhoza kusiyidwa:
- Nambala. Ichi ndi nambala yeniyeni, kapena zolozera ku selo lomwe lili ndi mtengo mu fomuyi. Chofunikira ndichakuti parameter iyi iyenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa ziro. Ngati nambalayo ili ndi manambala pambuyo pa decimal, ndiye kuti ikasinthidwa kukhala mawonekedwe achiroma, gawo laling'ono limadulidwa.
- Mtundu. Kukangana uku sikukufunikanso. Imatchula mawonekedwe owonetsera. Nambala iliyonse imagwirizana ndi maonekedwe enaake a nambalayo. Pali zosankha zingapo zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mkangano uwu:
- 0. Pankhaniyi, mtengo ukuwonetsedwa mu mawonekedwe ake apamwamba.
- 1-3 - mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowonetsera manambala achiroma.
- 4. Njira yopepuka yowonetsera manambala achiroma.
- Choonadi ndi Bodza. Muzochitika zoyamba, chiwerengerocho chimaperekedwa mwachizolowezi, ndipo chachiwiri - chosavuta.
SUBTOTAL ntchito
Ichi ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wophatikiza ma subtotals kutengera zomwe zimaperekedwa ngati mikangano. Mutha kupanga izi pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a Excel, komanso ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito pamanja.
Iyi ndi ntchito yovuta kuigwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa chake tiyenera kukambirana izi mosiyana. Syntax ya ntchitoyi ndi:
- Nambala yachinthu. Mtsutsowu ndi nambala yapakati pa 1 ndi 11. Nambala iyi ikuwonetsa ntchito yomwe idzagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwerengera kuchuluka komwe kwatchulidwa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati tikufuna kuwonjezera manambala, ndiye kuti tiyenera kufotokoza nambala 9 kapena 109 monga gawo loyamba.
- Lumikizani 1. Ichinso ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limapereka ulalo kumtundu womwe umaganiziridwa kuti mufotokoze mwachidule. Monga lamulo, anthu amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu umodzi wokha.
- Lumikizani 2, 3… Kenako pamabwera kuchuluka kwa maulalo osiyanasiyana.
Chiwerengero chachikulu cha zotsutsana zomwe ntchitoyi ingakhale nayo ndi 30 (chiwerengero cha ntchito + 29).
Chidziwitso chofunikira! Zokwanira zonse zomwe zasungidwa sizimaganiziridwa. Ndiye kuti, ngati ntchitoyi idagwiritsidwa ntchito kale mumitundu ina ZONSE ZONSE, sikunyalanyazidwa ndi pulogalamuyo.
Komanso dziwani kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi kumagulu ang'onoang'ono opingasa a data sikovomerezeka chifukwa sikunapangidwe kutero. Pankhaniyi, zotsatira zingakhale zolakwika. Ntchito ZONSE ZONSE nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza ndi autofilter. Tiyerekeze kuti tili ndi deta yotere.
Tiyeni tiyese kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera zokha ndikusankha ma cell okha omwe ali ndi "Product1". Pamapeto pake, timapanga chiwongolero kuti tigwiritse ntchito ZONSE ZONSE kuchuluka kwazinthu izi. Apa tifunika kugwiritsa ntchito code 9 monga momwe tawonetsera pazithunzi.
Kuphatikiza apo, ntchitoyi imangosankha mizere yomwe sinaphatikizidwe muzotsatira zosefera ndipo siyimayiphatikiza powerengera. Izi zimakupatsani zosankha zambiri. Mwa njira, pali ntchito yomangidwa mu Excel yotchedwa Subtotals. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa zida izi? Chowonadi ndi chakuti ntchitoyi imachotsa pazosankha mizere yonse yomwe sikuwonetsedwa pano. Izi sizimatengera code ntchito_nambala.
Mwa njira, chida ichi chimakulolani kuchita zinthu zambiri, osati kungodziwa kuchuluka kwa zikhalidwe. Nawa mndandanda wamakhodi omwe ali ndi ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerengera ma subtotals.
1 - MTIMA;
2 - COUNT;
3 - SCHÖTZ;
4 - MAX;
Mphindi 5;
6 - PRODUCT;
7 - STDEV;
8 – STANDOTKLONP;
9 - KUKHALA;
10 - DISP;
11 - DISP.
Mukhozanso kuwonjezera 100 ku manambalawa ndipo ntchitozo zidzakhala zofanana. Koma pali kusiyana kumodzi. Kusiyanitsa ndiko kuti poyamba, maselo obisika sangaganizidwe, pamene kachiwiri adzatero.
Ntchito zina za masamu
Masamu ndi sayansi yovuta yomwe imaphatikizapo njira zambiri zogwirira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Excel imaphatikizapo pafupifupi chilichonse. Tiyeni tione atatu okha a iwo: LIZANI, Pa, PRODUCT.
SIGN ntchito
Ndi ntchitoyi, wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kudziwa ngati nambalayo ndi yabwino kapena yoipa. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, kuyika makasitomala omwe ali ndi ngongole kubanki ndi omwe sanatenge ngongole kapena kubweza pakali pano.
Syntax ya ntchito ndi motere: =SIGN(nambala). Tikuwona kuti pali mkangano umodzi wokha, kulowetsako komwe kuli kovomerezeka. Pambuyo poyang'ana nambala, ntchitoyi imabwezera mtengo -1, 0, kapena 1, kutengera chizindikiro chomwe chinali. Ngati nambalayo idakhala yolakwika, ndiye kuti idzakhala -1, ndipo ngati ili yabwino - 1. Ngati zero igwidwa ngati mkangano, imabwezeretsedwa. Ntchitoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi ntchito IF kapena muzochitika zina zilizonse zofananira mukafunika kuyang'ana nambala.
ntchito Pi
Nambala ya PI ndi masamu osasinthasintha, omwe ndi 3,14159 … Ilibe zotsutsana ndipo ili ndi mawu awa: = PI ().
ntchito PRODUCT
Ntchito yofanana ndi mfundo SUM, amawerengera kokha chiwerengero cha manambala onse operekedwa kwa icho monga zifukwa. Mutha kufotokozera mpaka manambala 255 kapena milingo. Ndikofunika kulingalira kuti ntchitoyi siiganizira zolemba, zomveka ndi zina zilizonse zomwe sizigwiritsidwa ntchito mu masamu. Ngati mtengo wa boolean ukugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mkangano, ndiye kuti mtengowo WOONA zimagwirizana ndi chimodzi, ndi mtengo wake ZABODZA - ziro. Koma ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti ngati pali phindu la boolean mumtundu, ndiye kuti zotsatira zake zidzakhala zolakwika. Syntax ya formula ndi motere: =PRODUCT(nambala 1; nambala 2…).
Tikuwona kuti manambala amaperekedwa apa olekanitsidwa ndi semicolon. Mtsutso wofunikira ndi umodzi - nambala yoyamba. Kwenikweni, simungagwiritse ntchito ntchitoyi ndi ziwerengero zochepa. Kenako muyenera kuchulukitsa pafupipafupi manambala ndi ma cell. Koma pamene pali zambiri, ndiye mu mode Buku kudzatenga ndithu nthawi yochuluka. Kusunga izo, pali ntchito PRODUCT.
Chifukwa chake, tili ndi ntchito zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, koma nthawi yomweyo zitha kukhala zothandiza. Musaiwale kuti ntchito izi akhoza pamodzi wina ndi mzake. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa mwayi wotsegulira kumakulitsidwa kwambiri.