Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
Mtengo wa caloric | Tsamba 313 | Tsamba 1684 | 18.6% | 5.9% | 538 ga |
Mapuloteni | 10 ga | 76 ga | 13.2% | 4.2% | 760 ga |
mafuta | 1.3 ga | 56 ga | 2.3% | 0.7% | 4308 ga |
Zakudya | 65.4 ga | 219 ga | 29.9% | 9.6% | 335 ga |
CHIKWANGWANI chamagulu | 8.1 ga | 20 ga | 40.5% | 12.9% | 247 ga |
Water | 14 ga | 2273 ga | 0.6% | 0.2% | 16236 ga |
ash | 1.2 ga | ~ | |||
mavitamini | |||||
Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.27 mg | 1.5 mg | 18% | 5.8% | 556 ga |
Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.08 mg | 1.8 mg | 4.4% | 1.4% | 2250 ga |
Vitamini B4, choline | 37.8 mg | 500 mg | 7.6% | 2.4% | 1323 ga |
Vitamini B5, pantothenic | 0.145 mg | 5 mg | 2.9% | 0.9% | 3448 ga |
Vitamini B6, pyridoxine | 0.54 mg | 2 mg | 27% | 8.6% | 370 ga |
Vitamini B9, folate | Makilogalamu 32 | Makilogalamu 400 | 8% | 2.6% | 1250 ga |
Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 1.5 mg | 15 mg | 10% | 3.2% | 1000 ga |
Vitamini K, phylloquinone | Makilogalamu 2.2 | Makilogalamu 120 | 1.8% | 0.6% | 5455 ga |
Vitamini PP, NO | 4.7 mg | 20 mg | 23.5% | 7.5% | 426 ga |
niacin | 2.7 mg | ~ | |||
Ma Macronutrients | |||||
Potaziyamu, K | 205 mg | 2500 mg | 8.2% | 2.6% | 1220 ga |
Calcium, CA | 80 mg | 1000 mg | 8% | 2.6% | 1250 ga |
Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 50 mg | 400 mg | 12.5% | 4% | 800 ga |
Sodium, Na | 15 mg | 1300 mg | 1.2% | 0.4% | 8667 ga |
Sulufule, S | 81 mg | 1000 mg | 8.1% | 2.6% | 1235 ga |
Phosphorus, P. | 343 mg | 800 mg | 42.9% | 13.7% | 233 ga |
Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
Iron, Faith | 1.8 mg | 18 mg | 10% | 3.2% | 1000 ga |
Cobalt, Co. | Makilogalamu 2.1 | Makilogalamu 10 | 21% | 6.7% | 476 ga |
Manganese, Mn | 0.76 mg | 2 mg | 38% | 12.1% | 263 ga |
Mkuwa, Cu | Makilogalamu 370 | Makilogalamu 1000 | 37% | 11.8% | 270 ga |
Mzinda wa Molybdenum, Mo. | Makilogalamu 13 | Makilogalamu 70 | 18.6% | 5.9% | 538 ga |
Selenium, Ngati | Makilogalamu 37.7 | Makilogalamu 55 | 68.5% | 21.9% | 146 ga |
Zamadzimadzi, F | Makilogalamu 90 | Makilogalamu 4000 | 2.3% | 0.7% | 4444 ga |
Nthaka, Zn | 1.09 mg | 12 mg | 9.1% | 2.9% | 1101 ga |
Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
Wowuma ndi dextrins | 63.8 ga | ~ | |||
Mono- ndi disaccharides (shuga) | 1.1 ga | maulendo 100 г | |||
Amino Acids Ofunika | |||||
Arginine * | 0.49 ga | ~ | |||
valine | 0.48 ga | ~ | |||
Mbiri * | 0.23 ga | ~ | |||
Isoleucine | 0.47 ga | ~ | |||
nyalugwe | 0.51 ga | ~ | |||
lysine | 0.35 ga | ~ | |||
methionine | 0.16 ga | ~ | |||
Methionine + cysteine | 0.36 ga | ~ | |||
threonine | 0.25 ga | ~ | |||
tryptophan | 0.12 ga | ~ | |||
chithuvj | 0.52 ga | ~ | |||
Phenylalanine + Tyrosine | 0.82 ga | ~ | |||
Amino acid osinthika | |||||
alanine | 0.41 ga | ~ | |||
Aspartic asidi | 0.64 ga | ~ | |||
glycine | 0.41 ga | ~ | |||
Asidi a Glutamic | 2.4 ga | ~ | |||
Mapuloteni | 1.31 ga | ~ | |||
serine | 0.39 ga | ~ | |||
tyrosin | 0.3 ga | ~ | |||
Cysteine | 0.2 ga | ~ | |||
Mafuta okhutira | |||||
Mafuta okhutira | 0.4 ga | maulendo 18.7 г | |||
Mafuta a Polyunsaturated acids | |||||
Omega-3 mafuta acids | 0.077 ga | kuchokera 0.9 mpaka 3.7 | 8.6% | 2.7% | |
Omega-6 mafuta acids | 0.695 ga | kuchokera 4.7 mpaka 16.8 | 14.8% | 4.7% |
Mphamvu ndi 313 kcal.
- Galasi 250 ml = 180 gr (563.4 kcal)
- Galasi 200 ml = 145 gr (453.9 kcal)
- Supuni ("pamwamba" kupatula zakudya zamadzimadzi) = 20 g (62.6 kcal)
- Supuni ("pamwamba" kupatula zakudya zamadzimadzi) = 6 g (18.8 kcal)
- vitamini B1 ndi gawo la michere yofunikira kwambiri yama carbohydrate ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe imapatsa thupi mphamvu ndi zinthu zapulasitiki, komanso kagayidwe kazitsulo ka amino acid. Kuperewera kwa vitamini uyu kumabweretsa zovuta zamanjenje, kugaya chakudya komanso mtima.
- vitamini B6 amatenga nawo mbali pakukonzekera chitetezo cha mthupi, zoletsa ndi kusokonekera mkati mwa dongosolo lamanjenje, potembenuza amino acid, kagayidwe ka tryptophan, lipids ndi ma nucleic acid, kumathandizira kupangika kwa ma erythrocyte, kukonza mulingo wabwinobwino ya homocysteine m'magazi. Mavitamini B6 osakwanira amaphatikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa njala, kuphwanya mkhalidwe wa khungu, kukula kwa homocysteinemia, kuchepa magazi.
- Vitamini PP amachita nawo zochita redox mphamvu kagayidwe. Kusakwanira kudya mavitamini kumatsagana ndi kusokonekera kwa khungu, m'mimba komanso m'mitsempha.
- mankhwala enaake a amatenga nawo gawo pamagetsi amagetsi, kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni, ma acid a nucleic, ali ndi mphamvu zolimba pakhungu, ndikofunikira kukhalabe ndi calcium home, potaziyamu ndi sodium. Kuperewera kwa magnesium kumabweretsa hypomagnesemia, chiopsezo chowonjezeka chokhala ndi matenda oopsa, matenda amtima.
- Phosphorus amatenga nawo gawo pazinthu zambiri zakuthupi, kuphatikiza mphamvu yamagetsi, kuwongolera kuyamwa kwa asidi, ndi gawo la phospholipids, nucleotides ndi nucleic acid, ndikofunikira pakuchepetsa mafupa ndi mano. Kuperewera kumabweretsa matenda a anorexia, kuchepa magazi, ziphuphu.
- Cobalt ndi gawo la vitamini B12. Amayambitsa ma enzyme a fatty acid metabolism ndi folic acid metabolism.
- Manganese amatenga nawo mbali pakupanga mafupa ndi mafupa olumikizana, ndi gawo la michere yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kagayidwe kake ka amino acid, chakudya, catecholamines; zofunika pakuphatikizira kwa cholesterol ndi ma nucleotide. Kulephera kudya limodzi ndi kuchepa kwa kukula, kusokonekera kwa ziwalo zoberekera, kuwonjezeka kwa mafupa a mafupa, kusokonekera kwa ma carbohydrate ndi lipid metabolism.
- Mkuwa ndi gawo la michere yokhala ndi ntchito ya redox komanso yokhudzana ndi kagayidwe kazitsulo, imathandizira kuyamwa kwa mapuloteni ndi chakudya. Amachita nawo njira zopezera mpweya wamthupi la munthu. Kuperewera kumawonetsedwa ndi zovuta pakupanga kwamitsempha yam'mimba ndi mafupa, kukula kwa mafinya a dysplasia.
- Molybdenum ndi cofactor wa michere yambiri yomwe imapatsa mphamvu kupangika kwa sulfure wokhala ndi amino acid, purines ndi pyrimidines.
- Selenium - chinthu chofunikira kwambiri cha chitetezo cha antioxidant cha thupi la munthu, chimakhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi, chimagwira nawo ntchito yokhudza mahomoni a chithokomiro. Kuperewera kumabweretsa matenda a Kashin-Beck (osteoarthritis omwe ali ndi ziwalo zingapo, msana ndi mafupa), matenda a Keshan (opatsirana myocardiopathy), cholowa cha thrombastenia.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.