Black float (Amanita Pachycolea) chithunzi ndi kufotokoza

Kuyandama kwakuda (Amanita Pachycolea)

Fly agaric wakuda

Mutu wapano:

Amanita pachycolea DE Stuntz, Mycotaxon 15:158 (1982)

Zoyandama zakuda (Black fly agaric) – ndithu mfumu pakati zoyandama. Imatha kukula mpaka 25 cm wamtali, ndi chipewa cha 15 centimita kapena kupitilira apo. Apo ayi, sizimasiyana kwambiri ndi achibale ake apamtima: Volvo, kusowa kwa mphete pa tsinde, m'mphepete mwa chipewa, makamaka akakula.

Mutha kusiyanitsa choyandama chakuda kuchokera ku zoyandama zina, makamaka kuchokera ku imvi, ndi mtundu ndi kukula.

Monga choyandama chilichonse, kumayambiriro kwa unyamata, bowa ndi chinthu chomwe chimawoneka ngati "dzira": dzira la bowa limakula mkati mwa chipolopolo (chomwe chimatchedwa "chivundikiro chamba"), chomwe chimaphulika ndikukhalabe pansi pa chipolopolo. bowa mu mawonekedwe a thumba lopanda mawonekedwe lotchedwa "volva" .

Chithunzi cha "embryo" wa Amanita pachycolea, apa Volvo sinaphulike:

mutu: 7-12 (mpaka 18) centimita mu bowa wamkulu, poyamba convex kapena pafupifupi belu woboola pakati, ndi msinkhu - kwambiri convex kapena lathyathyathya, nthawi zina ndi tubercle chapakati, mu zitsanzo achinyamata - zomata. Mtundu ndi wakuda, bulauni mpaka wakuda mu zitsanzo zazing'ono, zopepuka ndi zaka, m'mphepete mwake zimapepuka kwambiri, nthawi zina madera omveka bwino amatha kusiyanitsa. Pamwamba pa kapu ndi yosalala, koma nthawi zina, kawirikawiri, pangakhale madontho oyera pamwamba pa kapu - awa ndi zotsalira za chophimba wamba. Mphepete mwa kapu mu bowa wamkulu "ndi nthiti" pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu (30-40% ya utali wozungulira). Mnofu wa pachipewa ndi woyera, wowonda m'mbali mwake, wokhuthala pamwamba pa tsinde, 5-10 mm wandiweyani.

mbale: Kwaulere. Pafupipafupi, ndi mbale zambiri. Choyera, chotuwa-chotuwa, chakuda ndi zaka zotuwa zofiirira kapena lalanje, ndi m'mphepete mwakuda.

mwendo: 10-25 cm wamtali, mpaka 3 cm wandiweyani, wosalala kapena wofanana wopendekera kumtunda, popanda makulidwe pansipa. Itha kukhala yosalala kapena yaubweya pang'ono, nthawi zambiri yokhala ndi mafinya kapena ma scaly fibrils. Zoyera, zoyera mpaka zachikasu za azitona, nthawi zina zofiirira mpaka zofiirira-lalanje. Zouma, zosalala pang'ono mpaka kukhudza. The zamkati mwendo ndi woyera, lotayirira, makamaka pakati, ndi zaka mwendo amakhala dzenje.

mphete: Akusowa.

Volvo: Saccular, yayikulu kwambiri, yomverera, yokhala ndi m'mphepete mwake mosagwirizana. Volvo zamkati mpaka 5 mm wandiweyani, woyera pamwamba pamwamba, kuchokera woyera kuti poterera woyera, ndi zaka, dzimbiri mawanga kuonekera kunja, kuchokera bulauni kuti chikasu bulauni. Volva imakwera 80 mm kuchokera pansi pa tsinde mpaka pamwamba pa "tsamba" lapamwamba kwambiri ndipo imagwa ndi ukalamba.

Pulp: zoyera, sizisintha mtundu zikadulidwa. Njira ya mphutsi imatha kukhala imvi pakapita nthawi.

Futa: kukomoka, pafupifupi osadziwika.

spore powder: woyera.

Pansi pa microscope: spores 9-14 * 9-12 microns, yosalala, yopanda mtundu, yozungulira kapena yosalala pang'ono, osati yowuma. Basidia ndi zinayi spored.

Amapanga mycorrhiza ndi mitengo ya coniferous, imatha kukula m'nkhalango zosakanikirana komanso zosakanikirana.

Imakula yokha kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, imapezeka kuyambira pakati pa autumn mpaka nyengo yozizira (deta ya gombe lakumadzulo kwa North America).

Zowona za bowa kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa Canada, kumpoto kwa California, pali malipoti opezeka pagombe la Pacific m'maboma a Oregon ndi Washington, komanso ku British Columbia. Palibe deta ya mayiko ena pano, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti Black Fly Agaric singakhoze kukula kwinakwake m'madera ena padziko lapansi.

Mapu okhala ndi zolembedwa zolembetsedwa bwino, kuyambira m'dzinja 2021 (chithunzi cha mushroomobserver.org):

Mwachiwonekere, zoyandama za Black zikanabweretsedwa kale ku Far East.

Palibe chidziwitso chodalirika kuchokera kumagwero olankhula. Zoyandama zonse zimatengedwa ngati bowa wodyedwa, koma samakololedwa kawirikawiri. Osadziŵa bwino bowa amawopa kusokoneza choyandamacho ndi ntchentche zakupha za agaric kapena zotumbululuka. Kuonjezera apo, bowa ndi wosalimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kunyamula.

Gray float (Amanita vaginata)

Analogue yapafupi kwambiri, yomwe imafalitsidwa kwambiri ku Dziko Lathu ndi mayiko a ku Ulaya, ndi Gray Float, yomwe ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, chipewacho ndi chopepuka, sichikhoza kukula ndi conifers, komanso m'nkhalango zodula komanso m'malo otseguka.

Cholembachi chimagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi za Michael Kuo komanso kuchokera pa intaneti. Tsambali likufunika zithunzi zamtunduwu.