Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
| Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
| Mtengo wa calorie | Tsamba 26 | Tsamba 1684 | 1.5% | 5.8% | 6477 ga |
| Mapuloteni | 0.8 ga | 76 ga | 1.1% | 4.2% | 9500 ga |
| mafuta | 0.2 ga | 56 ga | 0.4% | 1.5% | 28000 ga |
| Zakudya | 5.1 ga | 219 ga | 2.3% | 8.8% | 4294 ga |
| zidulo zamagulu | 0.2 ga | ~ | |||
| CHIKWANGWANI chamagulu | 1.9 ga | 20 ga | 9.5% | 36.5% | 1053 ga |
| Water | 91 ga | 2273 ga | 4% | 15.4% | 2498 ga |
| ash | 0.8 ga | ~ | |||
| mavitamini | |||||
| Vitamini A, RE | Makilogalamu 17 | Makilogalamu 900 | 1.9% | 7.3% | 5294 ga |
| beta carotenes | 0.1 mg | 5 mg | 2% | 7.7% | 5000 ga |
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.05 mg | 1.5 mg | 3.3% | 12.7% | 3000 ga |
| Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.05 mg | 1.8 mg | 2.8% | 10.8% | 3600 ga |
| Vitamini B4, choline | 17.1 mg | 500 mg | 3.4% | 13.1% | 2924 ga |
| Vitamini B5, pantothenic | 0.32 mg | 5 mg | 6.4% | 24.6% | 1563 ga |
| Vitamini B6, pyridoxine | 0.23 mg | 2 mg | 11.5% | 44.2% | 870 ga |
| Vitamini B9, folate | Makilogalamu 17 | Makilogalamu 400 | 4.3% | 16.5% | 2353 ga |
| Vitamini C, ascorbic | 60 mg | 90 mg | 66.7% | 256.5% | 150 ga |
| Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 0.1 mg | 15 mg | 0.7% | 2.7% | 15000 ga |
| Vitamini H, biotin | Makilogalamu 2.9 | Makilogalamu 50 | 5.8% | 22.3% | 1724 ga |
| Vitamini K, phylloquinone | Makilogalamu 38.2 | Makilogalamu 120 | 31.8% | 122.3% | 314 ga |
| Vitamini PP, NO | 0.5 mg | 20 mg | 2.5% | 9.6% | 4000 ga |
| niacin | 0.4 mg | ~ | |||
| Ma Macronutrients | |||||
| Potaziyamu, K | 302 mg | 2500 mg | 12.1% | 46.5% | 828 ga |
| Calcium, CA | 53 mg | 1000 mg | 5.3% | 20.4% | 1887 ga |
| Pakachitsulo, Si | 28 mg | 30 mg | 93.3% | 358.8% | 107 ga |
| Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 16 mg | 400 mg | 4% | 15.4% | 2500 ga |
| Sodium, Na | 4 mg | 1300 mg | 0.3% | 1.2% | 32500 ga |
| Sulufule, S | 14.3 mg | 1000 mg | 1.4% | 5.4% | 6993 ga |
| Phosphorus, P. | 32 mg | 800 mg | 4% | 15.4% | 2500 ga |
| Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
| Iron, Faith | 0.6 mg | 18 mg | 3.3% | 12.7% | 3000 ga |
| Ayodini, ine | Makilogalamu 0.1 | Makilogalamu 150 | 0.1% | 0.4% | 150000 ga |
| Manganese, Mn | 0.243 mg | 2 mg | 12.2% | 46.9% | 823 ga |
| Mkuwa, Cu | Makilogalamu 17 | Makilogalamu 1000 | 1.7% | 6.5% | 5882 ga |
| Nickel, ndi | Makilogalamu 5 | ~ | |||
| Selenium, Ngati | Makilogalamu 0.6 | Makilogalamu 55 | 1.1% | 4.2% | 9167 ga |
| Chrome, Kr | Makilogalamu 0.1 | Makilogalamu 50 | 0.2% | 0.8% | 50000 ga |
| Nthaka, Zn | 0.22 mg | 12 mg | 1.8% | 6.9% | 5455 ga |
| Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
| Wowuma ndi dextrins | 0.5 ga | ~ | |||
| Mono- ndi disaccharides (shuga) | 4.6 ga | maulendo 100 г | |||
| Mafuta okhutira | |||||
| Mafuta okhutira | 0.021 ga | maulendo 18.7 г | |||
| Mafuta a Polyunsaturated acids | |||||
| Omega-3 mafuta acids | 0.045 ga | kuchokera 0.9 mpaka 3.7 | 5% | 19.2% | |
| Omega-6 mafuta acids | 0.035 ga | kuchokera 4.7 mpaka 16.8 | 0.7% | 2.7% |
Mphamvu ndi 26 kcal.
- vitamini B6 amatenga nawo mbali pakukonzekera chitetezo cha mthupi, zoletsa ndi kusokonekera mkati mwa dongosolo lamanjenje, potembenuza amino acid, kagayidwe ka tryptophan, lipids ndi ma nucleic acid, kumathandizira kupangika kwa ma erythrocyte, kukonza mulingo wabwinobwino ya homocysteine m'magazi. Mavitamini B6 osakwanira amaphatikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa njala, kuphwanya mkhalidwe wa khungu, kukula kwa homocysteinemia, kuchepa magazi.
- vitamini C amatenga nawo mbali pakuchita redox, magwiridwe antchito amthupi, amalimbikitsa kuyamwa kwa chitsulo. Kulephera kumabweretsa kutuluka kwa magazi m'kamwa, kutuluka magazi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuperewera kwa magazi komanso kufooka kwa ma capillaries amwazi.
- vitamini K amayendetsa magazi. Kusowa kwa vitamini K kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito magazi, zomwe zimatsitsa prothrombin m'magazi.
- potaziyamu ndiye ion yama cell yayikulu yomwe imagwira nawo ntchito yoyang'anira madzi, asidi ndi ma elektrolyte, amatenga nawo mbali pazokhumba zamitsempha, malamulo opanikizika.
- Silicon Imaphatikizidwa ngati gawo lazomangamanga mu glycosaminoglycans ndipo imathandizira kaphatikizidwe ka collagen.
- Manganese amatenga nawo mbali pakupanga mafupa ndi mafupa olumikizana, ndi gawo la michere yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kagayidwe kake ka amino acid, chakudya, catecholamines; zofunika pakuphatikizira kwa cholesterol ndi ma nucleotide. Kulephera kudya limodzi ndi kuchepa kwa kukula, kusokonekera kwa ziwalo zoberekera, kuwonjezeka kwa mafupa a mafupa, kusokonekera kwa ma carbohydrate ndi lipid metabolism.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.