Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
| Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
| Mtengo wa calorie | Tsamba 293 | Tsamba 1684 | 17.4% | 5.9% | 575 ga |
| Mapuloteni | 6.5 ga | 76 ga | 8.6% | 2.9% | 1169 ga |
| mafuta | 4.2 ga | 56 ga | 7.5% | 2.6% | 1333 ga |
| Zakudya | 57.1 ga | 219 ga | 26.1% | 8.9% | 384 ga |
| zidulo zamagulu | 0.2 ga | ~ | |||
| CHIKWANGWANI chamagulu | 0.2 ga | 20 ga | 1% | 0.3% | 10000 ga |
| Water | 28.2 ga | 2273 ga | 1.2% | 0.4% | 8060 ga |
| ash | 1 ga | ~ | |||
| mavitamini | |||||
| Vitamini A, RE | Makilogalamu 10 | Makilogalamu 900 | 1.1% | 0.4% | 9000 ga |
| beta carotenes | 0.01 mg | 5 mg | 0.2% | 0.1% | 50000 ga |
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.1 mg | 1.5 mg | 6.7% | 2.3% | 1500 ga |
| Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.04 mg | 1.8 mg | 2.2% | 0.8% | 4500 ga |
| Vitamini B5, pantothenic | 0.3 mg | 5 mg | 6% | 2% | 1667 ga |
| Vitamini B6, pyridoxine | 0.1 mg | 2 mg | 5% | 1.7% | 2000 ga |
| Vitamini B9, folate | Makilogalamu 41 | Makilogalamu 400 | 10.3% | 3.5% | 976 ga |
| Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 1.6 mg | 15 mg | 10.7% | 3.7% | 938 ga |
| Vitamini H, biotin | Makilogalamu 1.9 | Makilogalamu 50 | 3.8% | 1.3% | 2632 ga |
| Vitamini PP, NO | 0.82 mg | 20 mg | 4.1% | 1.4% | 2439 ga |
| Ma Macronutrients | |||||
| Potaziyamu, K | 101 mg | 2500 mg | 4% | 1.4% | 2475 ga |
| Calcium, CA | 19 mg | 1000 mg | 1.9% | 0.6% | 5263 ga |
| Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 13 mg | 400 mg | 3.3% | 1.1% | 3077 ga |
| Sodium, Na | 255 mg | 1300 mg | 19.6% | 6.7% | 510 ga |
| Sulufule, S | 52 mg | 1000 mg | 5.2% | 1.8% | 1923 ga |
| Phosphorus, P. | 61 mg | 800 mg | 7.6% | 2.6% | 1311 ga |
| Mankhwala, Cl | 477 mg | 2300 mg | 20.7% | 7.1% | 482 ga |
| Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
| Iron, Faith | 1.5 mg | 18 mg | 8.3% | 2.8% | 1200 ga |
| Ayodini, ine | Makilogalamu 1.6 | Makilogalamu 150 | 1.1% | 0.4% | 9375 ga |
| Cobalt, Co. | Makilogalamu 2 | Makilogalamu 10 | 20% | 6.8% | 500 ga |
| Manganese, Mn | 0.44 mg | 2 mg | 22% | 7.5% | 455 ga |
| Mkuwa, Cu | Makilogalamu 80 | Makilogalamu 1000 | 8% | 2.7% | 1250 ga |
| Mzinda wa Molybdenum, Mo. | Makilogalamu 9.3 | Makilogalamu 70 | 13.3% | 4.5% | 753 ga |
| Zamadzimadzi, F | Makilogalamu 26 | Makilogalamu 4000 | 0.7% | 0.2% | 15385 ga |
| Chrome, Kr | Makilogalamu 1.5 | Makilogalamu 50 | 3% | 1% | 3333 ga |
| Nthaka, Zn | 0.512 mg | 12 mg | 4.3% | 1.5% | 2344 ga |
| Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
| Wowuma ndi dextrins | 37.6 ga | ~ | |||
| Mono- ndi disaccharides (shuga) | 19.5 ga | maulendo 100 г |
Mphamvu ndi 293 kcal.
- Chlorine zofunika mapangidwe ndi katulutsidwe wa asidi hydrochloric mu thupi.
- Cobalt ndi gawo la vitamini B12. Amayambitsa ma enzyme a fatty acid metabolism ndi folic acid metabolism.
- Manganese amatenga nawo mbali pakupanga mafupa ndi mafupa olumikizana, ndi gawo la michere yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kagayidwe kake ka amino acid, chakudya, catecholamines; zofunika pakuphatikizira kwa cholesterol ndi ma nucleotide. Kulephera kudya limodzi ndi kuchepa kwa kukula, kusokonekera kwa ziwalo zoberekera, kuwonjezeka kwa mafupa a mafupa, kusokonekera kwa ma carbohydrate ndi lipid metabolism.
- Molybdenum ndi cofactor wa michere yambiri yomwe imapatsa mphamvu kupangika kwa sulfure wokhala ndi amino acid, purines ndi pyrimidines.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.