Kupewa khansa kunyumba
Nanga timadya chiyani? Kodi tili ndi zizolowezi zoipa? Kodi nthawi zambiri timadwala, kuchita mantha, kapena kutenthedwa ndi dzuwa? Ambiri a ife sitiganizira za mafunso amenewa ndi ena. Koma chithunzi cholakwika chingayambitse khansa

Masiku ano, kufa ndi khansa kuli pachitatu pambuyo pa matenda amtima. Akatswiri amazindikira kuti ndizosatheka kudziteteza ku matenda a oncological ndi 100%, koma ndizotheka kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi mitundu ina.

Kupewa khansa kunyumba

Ngakhale kuti mayiko padziko lonse lapansi akuwononga ndalama zambiri kuti apeze mankhwala ochiza matenda, madokotala amanena kuti anthu sakudziwabe bwino za njira zopewera khansa. Ambiri ali otsimikiza kuti mankhwala alibe mphamvu pamaso pa oncology ndipo zomwe zatsala ndikupemphera kuti matenda oopsawo adulidwe. Koma kupewa chitukuko cha matenda oopsa kunyumba, madokotala amati, nthawi zambiri n'zotheka. Ndikokwanira kuti musasute, kuyang'anira kulemera kwanu, kudya moyenera, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kuyesedwa pafupipafupi.

Mitundu ya khansa

Histologically, zotupa zimagawidwa kukhala zabwinobwino komanso zoyipa.

Ma neoplasms abwino. Amakula pang'onopang'ono, atazunguliridwa ndi kapisozi kapena chipolopolo chawo, chomwe sichiwalola kuti akule kukhala ziwalo zina, koma amangowalekanitsa. Ma cell a benign neoplasms amafanana ndi minofu yathanzi ndipo samafalikira ku ma lymph nodes, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sangathe kuchititsa imfa ya wodwalayo. Ngati chotupa choterocho chichotsedwa opaleshoni, ndiye kuti sichidzakulanso pamalo omwewo, kupatula ngati sichikuchotsedwa kwathunthu.

Benign zotupa zikuphatikizapo:

  • fibromas - kuchokera ku minofu yolumikizana;
  • adenomas - kuchokera ku glandular epithelium;
  • lipomas (wen) - kuchokera ku minofu ya adipose;
  • leiomyomas - kuchokera ku minofu yosalala ya minofu, mwachitsanzo, leiomyoma ya uterine;
  • osteoma - kuchokera ku fupa;
  • chondroma - kuchokera ku minofu ya cartilaginous;
  • lymphoma - kuchokera ku minofu ya lymphoid;
  • rhabdomyomas - kuchokera ku minofu ya striated;
  • neuromas - kuchokera ku minofu yamanjenje;
  • hemangiomas - kuchokera ku mitsempha ya magazi.

Zotupa zowopsa zimatha kupangidwa kuchokera ku minofu iliyonse ndikusiyana ndi zotupa zowopsa ndikukula mwachangu. Alibe kapisozi wawo ndipo amakula mosavuta kukhala ziwalo zoyandikana ndi minofu. Metastases imafalikira ku ma lymph nodes ndi ziwalo zina, zomwe zimatha kupha.

Zotupa zoyipa zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri:

  • khansa (khansa) - kuchokera ku epithelial minofu, monga khansa yapakhungu kapena melanoma;
  • osteosarcoma - kuchokera ku periosteum, komwe kuli minofu yolumikizana;
  • chondrosarcoma - kuchokera ku minofu ya cartilaginous;
  • angiosarcoma - kuchokera ku minyewa yolumikizana ndi mitsempha yamagazi;
  • lymphosarcoma - kuchokera ku minofu ya lymphoid;
  • rhabdomyosarcoma - kuchokera ku chigoba cha striated minofu;
  • khansa ya m'magazi (leukemia) - kuchokera ku minofu ya hematopoietic;
  • blastomas ndi malignant neuromas - kuchokera ku minyewa yolumikizana yamanjenje.

Madokotala amasiyanitsa zotupa muubongo mu gulu lapadera, popeza, mosasamala kanthu za kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe ake, chifukwa cha malo awo, amangoonedwa ngati owopsa.

Ngakhale kuti pali mitundu yambiri ya ma neoplasms oyipa, 12 mwa mitundu yawo ndi yofala kwambiri ku Russia, yomwe ndi 70% ya milandu yonse ya khansa mdziko muno. Choncho, mitundu yofala kwambiri ya khansa sikutanthauza kupha kwambiri.

Ma neoplasms owopsa kwambiri ndi awa:

  • khansa ya kapamba;
  • khansa ya chiwindi;
  • carcinoma esophageal;
  • khansa ya m'mimba;
  • khansa ya m'matumbo;
  • khansa ya m'mapapo, trachea ndi bronchi.

Zotupa zowopsa kwambiri ndizo:

  • khansa yapakhungu;
  • khansa ya impso;
  • khansa ya chithokomiro;
  • lymphoma;
  • khansa ya m'magazi;
  • khansa ya m'mawere;
  • khansa
  • khansa ya chikhodzodzo.

Malangizo a madokotala pa kupewa khansa

- Mu oncology, pali njira zopewera zoyambira, zachiwiri komanso zapamwamba, akufotokoza oncologist Roman Temnikov. - Choyimitsa choyambirira ndi cholinga chochotsa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa khansa. Mungathe kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha neoplasms mwa kutsatira ndondomeko, kumamatira ku moyo wathanzi popanda kusuta fodya ndi mowa, kudya moyenera, kulimbikitsa dongosolo lamanjenje, ndi kupewa matenda ndi ma carcinogens ndi kutentha kwambiri padzuwa.

Kupewa kwachiwiri kumaphatikizapo kuzindikira ma neoplasms adakali aang'ono komanso matenda omwe angayambitse kukula kwawo. Panthawi imeneyi, nkofunika kuti munthu akhale ndi lingaliro la matenda a oncological ndipo nthawi zonse amadzidziwitsa yekha. Kuyeza kwanthawi yake ndi dokotala komanso kugwiritsa ntchito malangizo ake kumathandiza kuzindikira ma pathologies. Kumbukirani kuti ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zoopsa, muyenera kuonana ndi katswiri mwamsanga.

Kupewa kwamaphunziro apamwamba ndikuwunika mwatsatanetsatane omwe ali ndi mbiri ya khansa. Chinthu chachikulu apa ndikuletsa kubwereranso ndi mapangidwe a metastases.

Roman Alexandrovich akupitiriza: - Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukaonana ndi oncologist pafupipafupi ndikuchita maphunziro osiyanasiyana ofunikira. Anthu oterowo ayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri pa thanzi lawo, kupewa matenda aliwonse, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, kudya moyenera, kusakhudza kukhudzana konse ndi zinthu zovulaza, komanso kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo a dokotala.

Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka

Ndani amene ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa?
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wapadziko lonse, pazaka khumi zapitazi, gawo la khansa lawonjezeka ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo chotenga khansa ndichokwera kwambiri. Funso ndilakuti izi zidzachitika liti - muunyamata, muukalamba kapena muukalamba kwambiri.

Malinga ndi WHO, kusuta ndiko kumayambitsa khansa masiku ano. Pafupifupi 70% ya khansa ya m'mapapo padziko lonse lapansi imakhazikika chifukwa cha chizolowezi chowopsachi. Chifukwa chagona mu ziphe zowopsa kwambiri zomwe zimatulutsidwa pakuwola kwa masamba a fodya. Zinthuzi sizimangosokoneza dongosolo la kupuma, komanso zimawonjezera kukula kwa ma neoplasms oyipa.

Zoyambitsa zina ndi ma virus a hepatitis B ndi C komanso ma virus ena a papilloma. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, amawerengera 20% ya milandu yonse ya khansa.

Wina 7-10% chiwopsezo cha matendawa ndi cholowa.

Komabe, muzochita za madokotala, mitundu yopezeka ya khansa imakhala yofala kwambiri, pamene neoplasm imayambitsidwa ndi zotsatira zoipa za zinthu zakunja: poizoni kapena mavairasi omwe amachititsa kusintha kwa maselo.

Pagulu lachiwopsezo cha khansa:

● ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale oopsa okhudzana ndi zinthu zapoizoni kapena ma radiation;

● okhala m’mizinda ikuluikulu yomwe ili ndi chilengedwe chovuta;

● osuta fodya ndi oledzeretsa;

● amene analandira mlingo waukulu wa poizoniyu;

● anthu azaka zopitilira 60;

● okonda zakudya zopanda thanzi ndi mafuta;

● anthu amene amatengera matenda a khansa kapena amene ali ndi vuto lopanikizika kwambiri.

Anthu oterowo ayenera kusamala kwambiri za thanzi lawo ndikuchezera dokotala wa oncologist pafupipafupi.

Kodi nzoona kuti kutenthedwa kwa mabedi ndi kutenthedwa ndi dzuwa kungayambitse khansa?

Inde ndi choncho. Kutentha kwa dzuwa kungayambitse matenda a melanoma, khansa yaukali komanso yofala kwambiri yomwe imakula mofulumira.

Kutentha kwa dzuwa kwenikweni kumateteza ku kuwala kwa ultraviolet. Kuwonetsedwa ndi kuwala kwa UV-A ndi UV-B kumayambitsa kuyaka, kumathandizira kukalamba kwa khungu ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi melanoma.

Kuwala kwa Ultraviolet, komanso kowopsa kwambiri, kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu solariums. M'ma salons ena, nyali zimakhala zamphamvu kwambiri moti kuwala kochokera kwa iwo kumakhala koopsa kuposa kukhala pansi pa dzuwa masana. Mutha kupeza vitamini D pamaulendo wamba achilimwe ngakhale mumthunzi, komanso m'nyengo yozizira chifukwa cha zakudya zoyenera. Kutentha kokongola, kuchokera ku gombe kapena ku solarium kumakhala kopanda thanzi.

Siyani Mumakonda