CECOS, kapena Center for Studies and Conservation of Eggs and Human Sperm, siingatsitsidwe kukhala banki yosavuta ya umuna. Ndipo pazifukwa zomveka: ndi omwe akutenga nawo gawo pakubereka kothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ndi opereka, zopereka za gamete komanso kuteteza chonde. Kubwerera kuzinthu zofunika izi muzachipatala zaku France.

Odziwika bwino ndi mawu akuti CECOS, Centers for the Study and Conservation of Human Eggs and Sperm ndi malo okhawo omwe ali ndi chilolezo chotolera ndikusunga ma gametes operekedwa ku France. Ngati nthawi zina timakonda kuwatengera ku mabanki osavuta a umuna, CECOS imakhala ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri pakubereka mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala (MAP kapena MAP) ndi zopereka. Ngati mukufuna kupereka umuna kapena ma oocyte (kapena mwana wosabadwayo pakachitika IVF isanachitike), ngati muli m'malo osabereka ndipo mukuganiza za AMP ndi chopereka, ngati thanzi lanu liyenera kuteteza kubereka kwanu, magulu a CECOS atero. khalani m'modzi mwa omwe akukuuzani.

Mabanki oyamba a umuna adawonekera ku France koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 m'malo akuluakulu azachipatala aku Parisian. Panthawiyo, mankhwala obereketsa ndi kasamalidwe ka kusabereka anali akhanda, kotero kuti zigawo ziwirizi zinkagwira ntchito mosiyana kwambiri:

Kupereka umuna wolipidwa

Yoyamba idapangidwa ku Necker Hospital, ndi katswiri wazachikazi Albert Netter, ndipo imagwira ntchito pamaziko a umuna wolipira. Cholinga: kulimbikitsa zopereka pakati pa anyamata kuti athe kuchita bwino. Chitsanzochi, chomwe chimapezekabe m'mayiko ambiri a European Union makamaka, chasiyidwa ku France.

Kusungidwa kwa umuna pofuna kufufuza

Wachiwiri amatumizidwa ku chipatala cha Bicêtre ndi Pulofesa George David. Cholinga chake: “kafukufuku wa ubwamuna wabwinobwino komanso woyambitsa matenda komanso kusunga ubwamuna womwe cholinga chake ndi kufufuza ndi kuchiza.” Ngati mawuwo sakumveka bwino mwadala, ndi chifukwa chakuti maubwenzi pakati pa atsogoleri a polojekiti ndi akuluakulu oyang'anira (kuphatikizapo Unduna wa Zaumoyo) sali bwino. Pamtima pa mikangano yawo: IAD (insemination insemination with donor), panthawiyo inali yotsutsana kwambiri chifukwa cha mafunso okhudza chikhalidwe chomwe chimadzutsa makamaka pankhani ya filiation.

Kuti avomereze ADI ndipo potsiriza kulimbikitsa kasamalidwe ka kusabereka kwa amuna, adaganiza kuti zoperekazo, zokhazikitsidwa ndi dongosololi, zidzakhazikitsidwa pa mfundo zazikulu zitatu zomwe zidakalipo lero: ufulu, kusadziwika ndi kudzipereka. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zokambirana ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo zikuyenda bwino motsogozedwa ndi Simone Veil, yemwe amakhazikitsa mikhalidwe yotsegulira CECOS ku Bicêtre.

Monga zimachitika:

• kukhazikitsidwa kuyenera kudzipanga yokha mu mgwirizano (Statute of Law 1901), kuti atulutse udindo wa oyang'anira chipatala,
• oyang'anira ake ayenera kuyankha ku bungwe la oyang'anira ndi asayansi omwe kapangidwe kake ndi kosiyanasiyana (kuyimira oyang'anira oyang'anira, dongosolo la madokotala, akatswiri ...) ndi oyimira malingaliro osiyanasiyana asayansi (panthawiyo othandizira ndi otsutsa IAD),
• Bungwe loyang'anira ndi lasayansi ili liyenera kutsogozedwa ndi munthu wachipatala yemwe amapereka chithandizo chaumwini pazochitika za kukhazikitsidwa (Robert Debré pankhani ya CECOS ya CHU de Bicêtre).

Umu ndi momwe CECOS yoyamba idabadwa mwalamulo pa February 9, 1973 (tsiku lomwe idasindikizidwa mu Official Journal). M'zaka zotsatira, pafupi ndi Ma Center makumi awiri atsopano a Phunziro ndi Kusunga Mazira a Anthu ndi Umuna analengedwa pa chitsanzo chomwecho. Masiku ano ku France kuli malo 31 amenewa. Mu 2006, akuti CECOS idatenga nawo gawo pakubadwa pafupifupi 50.

CECOS ili ndi ntchito ziwiri:

Pkutenga udindo wosabereka

Kaya zachikazi, zachimuna kapena zolumikizidwa kuzinthu zenizeni za banjali, zikafunika kuperekedwa kwa wina.

Psungani chonde kwa odwala

M'dera lino, a Cecos amalowererapo choyamba kuti alole cryopreservation (kuzizira) kwa gametes odwala omwe ali ndi matenda omwe chithandizo chawo chingakhudze chonde chawo (monga anthu omwe ali ndi khansa omwe amafunika kuthandizidwa ndi chemotherapy). Koma udindo wawo ndikuwonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi pakati kwa odwala omwe adalandira kale chithandizo chamankhwala. Chifukwa chake, maanja omwe akupindula ndi miluza yoposa manambala pambuyo pa IVF atha kuperekedwa kuti awasunge ku CECOS podikirira mtsogolo kapena kuperekedwa kwa mluza.

Ntchito zosiyanasiyana za CECOS

Kuti agwire ntchito motere, CECOS ili ndi mishoni zingapo:

• kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala ndi luso kwa maanja osabereka omwe akusowa chopereka,
• kuyang'anira ndikukonzekera zopereka za gametes (chopereka umuna, chopereka cha oocyte) ndi zopereka za embryo,
• thandizirani odwala, musanapereke chithandizo cha gamete, panthawiyi, komanso pambuyo pake. Nthawi zina sizidziwika, koma ogwira ntchito ku CECOS atha kulumikizidwa ngati makolo kapena munthu wobadwa kuchokera ku chopereka akufuna, ali mwana kapena akakula.
• kulola kudziteteza kwa ma gametes pakadwala ndikudziwitsa odwala ndi okhudzidwa (madokotala, mayanjano odwala, etc.) kuti izi zitheke,
• kulola kusungika kwa miluza yochulukirapo chifukwa cha IVF,
• kutenga nawo gawo pa kafukufuku wokhudza kubereka, kubweretsa ukatswiri wawo kuti aganizire za chitukuko chaukadaulo ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu chomwe chingakhudze izi.
• kutenga nawo gawo pamakampeni olimbikitsa zopereka za gamete zokonzedwa ndi Biomedicine Agency.

Pofuna kutsimikizira kutetezedwa kwa chonde komanso kusamalira kusabereka, CECOS iliyonse ili m'chipatala cha yunivesite ndipo imakhala ndi:

• gulu lachipatala lamitundu yosiyanasiyana (madokotala, akatswiri a sayansi ya zakuthambo, akatswiri a maganizo ndi amisala, akatswiri a majini, akatswiri, ndi zina zotero)
• nsanja ya cryobiology yolola kusungidwa kwa ma gametes. Kuyambira 1981, CECOS yakhala ikugwirizananso m'chitaganya, pofuna kugwirizanitsa machitidwe pa nkhani za kubereka ndi zopereka, kulimbikitsa chisamaliro cha odwala ndi kusinthana pakati pa malo. Kuti izi zitheke, chitaganyacho chimapangidwa kukhala ma komiti (ma genetics, psychological and psychiatric, ethics, science and technical) omwe amakumana osachepera kawiri pachaka.

Ma Cecos, omwe tsopano ali m'gulu la zipatala zaboma, ndi zida zapadera zomwe zathandizira kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pankhani yobereka kwa zaka 50. Pakati pa kupambana kwawo tikupeza:

• Kukula kwabwino kwa zopereka za gamete ku France. Chifukwa chake, motsogozedwa ndi CECOS ndi Biomedicine Agency, opereka ma gamete akuchulukirachulukira (opereka umuna 404 mu 2017 motsutsana ndi 268 mu 2013, zopereka za oocyte 756 mu 2017 motsutsana ndi 454 mu 2013). Mu 2017, kubadwa kwa 1282 kunathekanso chifukwa cha zopereka.
• Thandizo kwa odwala pakusunga chonde, zomwe zidakhudza anthu 7474 ku France mu 2017.
• Kupititsa patsogolo malamulo a MPA ku France. Zowonadi, ndi chifukwa cha malamulo akhalidwe labwino komanso njira zowunika zomwe bungwe la CECOS lidakhazikitsa kuti woyimira nyumbayo akhazikitse ndikukonzanso malamulo a bioethics.

Ma Cecos amagawidwa ku France konse kuti athe kuthandiza odwala. Musazengereze kuwona chikwatu cha malo.

Zindikirani komabe:

• Ngati mumatsatiridwa kale mu dipatimenti ya ART kapena oncology (wamkulu kapena mwana), katswiri wazachipatala yemwe amakutsatirani adzakulumikizani ndi asing'anga a CECOS.
• Ngati mukufuna kupereka ma gametes, musazengereze kulumikizana ndi odzipereka ku CECOS yomwe ili pafupi nanu.