Matenda osatha a m'mapapo: zonse zokhudza COPD
Dzinalo ” Matenda oletsa kupuma a m'mapapo "Kapena COPD amatanthauza a mavuto a kupuma zowopsa komanso zosasinthika. Yaikulu ndi chifuwa ndi emphysema. Zizindikiro sizimayamba musanafike zaka XNUMX.
Anthu omwe ali ndi COPD chifuwa kwambiri ndipo amalephera kupuma. Pamene matendawa akupita patsogolo, ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Izi ziyenera kukonzedwanso malinga ndi mphamvu ndi mpweya umene ulipo.
Kusuta kwa nthawi yayitali kumayambitsa 80% mpaka 90% ya COPD. Pafupifupi 1 kusuta mwa 5 amapanga COPD. Kukhudzika ku utsi wa munthu wina amene akusuta ndi zonyansa ma airways angathandizenso. Nthawi zina sichidziwika chifukwa chake.
mitundu
Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe a chifuwa chachikulu ndi emphysema amapezeka mwa munthu yemweyo (onani chithunzi):
- Matenda bronchitis. Zimayimira 85% ya milandu ya COPD. Matenda a bronchitis amanenedwa kuti ndi aakulu chifuwa wakhalapo kwa miyezi yosachepera 3 pachaka, kwa zaka ziwiri zotsatizana, komanso kuti palibe vuto lina la m'mapapo (cystic fibrosis, chifuwa chachikulu, etc.).
Mzere wa bronchi umatulutsa ntchofu mochuluka. Komanso, bronchi nthawi zonse amavutika ndi zotupachifukwa amakhala "okhazikika" ndi mabakiteriya. Kukhazikika kumeneku sikumatengedwa ngati matenda, monga momwe kumamvekera. Komano, kawirikawiri, bronchi ndi wosabala, ndiko kuti palibe mabakiteriya ndi kachilombo kapena tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'ono.
- Emphysema. The alveoli m'mapapo kutaya elasticity, pang'onopang'ono kupunduka kapena kupasuka. Pamene alveoli ikuwonongeka kapena kuwonongeka, kusinthana kwa mpweya ndi carbon dioxide kumakhala kocheperako. Komanso makoma a bronchi pafupi ndi mpweya chifukwa chosowa chithandizo cha minofu yozungulira. Izi kutsekedwa kwa bronchi pa kutha sikungosokoneza ndi ndimeyi mpweya. Zimayambitsanso kutengeka kwa mpweya wambiri m'mapapo.
Kumvetsa bwino COPD Nthawi zambiri kudzoza ndizochitika zogwira ntchito ndipo kutha kwa nthawi kumakhala chinthu chokhazikika. Pakakhala kutsekeka kwa bronchi, monga momwe zilili ndi COPD, kuyesetsa kupuma kumawonjezeka kwambiri, pamene mpweya umakakamizika kukhala wokangalika. Kumvako kumafanana ndi komwe kumamveka panthawi yochita khama lalikulu. Cholepheretsa chomwe chikufunsidwacho chimachitika pakutha ntchito osati kudzoza. Kutengera pa chifuwa, caliber ya bronchi imachepetsedwa ndi kutupa, kutsekemera, ndipo nthawi zina kuphulika kwa minofu yomwe ili pakhoma la bronchi. Kutengera paemphysema, bronchi imagwedezeka ndikutaya mphamvu. Ma alveoli amakhala otambalala modabwitsa; ndiye sachita bwino posinthana gasi. The mapapo munthu amene ali ndi matenda a chibayo kapena emphysema amakhala ndi mpweya wochuluka kuposa wachibadwa. Komabe, mpweya umenewu si wabwino: ndi wosathandiza kwenikweni m’thupi chifukwa uli ndi mpweya wochepa ndipo umakhala wosasunthika. Ntchito ya mapapu ndikuchita kusinthana kwa gasi. Ndi mpweya uliwonse, mapapo amatenga mpweya ndikuchotsa mpweya woipa (CO2). Mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi COPD, pali mpweya "wotsekeka" m'mapapo, womwe sutenga nawo mbali pakusinthana kwa gasi. |
Kuchulukirachulukira
Ku Canada, Matenda oletsa kupuma a m'mapapo kupanga 4e chifukwa cha imfa pambuyo pa khansa, matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko26. Akatswiri amalosera kuti mu 2013, adzawonekera mu 3e kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimayambitsa imfa. COPD pang'onopang'ono imayambitsa kulephera kwa mtima podzaza mtima, womwe umayenera kukankhira magazi m'mapapu omwe ali ndi matenda. Pa kusuta, COPD imawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mapapo.
Pafupifupi 6% ya anthu aku Canada azaka 55 mpaka 64 ali nazo, ndipo 7% mwa omwe ali ndi zaka 65 mpaka 74.1.
Pakadali pano, a chifuwa ndi emphysema zimakhudza amuna ndi akazi.
Evolution
Ngakhale woyamba zizindikiro kuwonekera (nthawi zambiri chifuwa), kuwonongeka kwa mapapo zakhazikitsidwa kale bwino ndipo sizingasinthe. Panthawiyi, kusiya kukhudzana ndi zinthu zonyansa, monga utsi wa fodya, kumakhala kopindulitsa kwambiri. Kukula kwa matendawa kumachepetsedwa.
Popita nthawi, chifuwa zimakhala zofala, monga chimfine chachikulu ndi bronchitis. Makoswe amakhala ochuluka. The kupuma zimakhala zovuta kwambiri panthawi ya zoyesayesa zolemetsa. Munthuyo amakonda kukhala ongokhala. Pa nthawi ina, matendawa amayambitsakupuma pochita zolimbitsa thupi pang'ono, ndiyeno ngakhale pakupuma. Zizindikiro zimachulukirachulukira panthawi ya utsi, nthawi zambiri matenda ofala kapena kukhudzana ndi zinthu zomwe zimakwiyitsa thirakiti la kupuma. Kugonekedwa m'chipatala nthawi zina ndikofunikira.
Ndikofunika kuchiza khunyu bwinokuchulukitsa zizindikiro, zomwe zingawonjezere kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya m'mapapo yosalimba.
Kutopa, ululu m'maganizo ndi kudzipatula ndizovuta zomwe anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa amakumana nawo nthawi zambiri. a kuwonda zitha kuchitika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa matendawa, chifukwa ntchito yopumira imakhala yofananira ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu komanso nthawi zonse.
Pakalipano, madokotala akuda nkhawa kuti COPD nthawi zambiri imapezeka mochedwa, zomwe zimalepheretsa chithandizo chamankhwala.