Common liverwort (Fistulina hepatica) chithunzi ndi kufotokoza

Fistulina hepatica

M'mayiko olankhula Chingerezi, amatchedwa "steak" kapena "lilime la ng'ombe". Pamwambo wolankhula, dzina loti "chinenero cha apongozi" nthawi zambiri limapezeka. Bowa umenewu umawoneka ngati chidutswa cha nyama yofiira yokhazikika pachitsa kapena m'munsi mwa mtengo. Ndipo zikuwoneka ngati chiwindi cha ng'ombe, makamaka ikayamba kutulutsa madzi ofiira m'malo owonongeka.

mutu: 7-20, malinga ndi magwero ena mpaka 30 cm mulifupi. Koma izi si malire, wolemba cholemba ichi anapeza zitsanzo ndi oposa 35 cm mu mbali yaikulu. Minofu kwambiri, makulidwe a kapu m'munsi ndi 5-7 cm. Zosawoneka bwino, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zozungulira, zowoneka ngati fan kapena lilime, zokhala ndi lobed komanso m'mphepete mwa wavy. Pamwamba pamakhala mvula komanso kumamatira mu bowa aang'ono, amauma ndi zaka, makwinya pang'ono, osalala, opanda villi. Chiwindi chofiira, chofiira lalanje kapena bulauni.

spore wosanjikiza: tubula. Zoyera mpaka zotumbululuka zapinki mumtundu, kenako zimasanduka zachikasu ndipo pamapeto pake zimakhala zofiirira zofiirira akakalamba. Pakuwonongeka pang'ono, ndi kupanikizika pang'ono, mwamsanga amapeza zofiira, zofiira, zofiirira-zofiira. Ma tubules amasiyanitsidwa bwino, mpaka 1,5 cm kutalika, ozungulira m'mbali.

mwendo: lateral, mofooka, nthawi zambiri kulibe kapena ali wakhanda. Izo zojambulidwa pamwamba mu mitundu ya kapu, ndi yoyera pansi ndi yokutidwa ndi hymenophore kutsika pa mwendo (spore-kubala wosanjikiza). Wamphamvu, wandiweyani, wandiweyani.

Pulp: yoyera, yokhala ndi mikwingwirima yofiira, gawo la mtanda limawoneka lokongola kwambiri, pamwamba pake mukhoza kuona chitsanzo chovuta kwambiri chofanana ndi marble. Zokhuthala, zofewa, zamadzi. Pamalo odulidwawo ndi kukanikizidwa, amatulutsa madzi ofiira.

Futa: bowa pang'ono kapena pafupifupi osanunkhiza.

Kukumana: wowawasa pang'ono, koma izi sizofunikira.

spore powder: Wotumbululuka wapinki, wofiirira wapinki, wapinki wa dzimbiri, wabulauni.

Mawonekedwe a Microscopic: spores 3–4 x 2–3 µm. Zowoneka bwino za amondi kapena subellipsoid kapena sublacrimoid. Zosalala, zosalala.

Hyaline mpaka chikasu ku KOH.

Ndi saprophytic ndipo nthawi zina amalembedwa ngati "parasitic yofooka" pa mtengo wa oak ndi zina zolimba (monga chestnut), zomwe zimayambitsa zowola za bulauni.

Matupi a zipatso ndi pachaka. Chiwindi chimamera chokha kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono m'munsi mwa mitengo ndi pazitsa, kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe mpaka pakati pa autumn. Nthawi zina mumatha kupeza chiwombankhanga chikukula ngati kuchokera pansi, koma ngati mutakumba pansi pa tsinde, ndithudi padzakhala muzu wandiweyani. Amagawidwa kwambiri ku makontinenti onse komwe kuli nkhalango za oak.

Pali mitundu ingapo, monga Fistulina hepatica var. Antarctica kapena Fistulina hepatica var. monstruosa, omwe ali ndi mitundu yawo yopapatiza komanso mawonekedwe apadera, koma samawonekera ngati mitundu yosiyana.

Bowa wa chiwindi ndi wapadera kwambiri m'mawonekedwe ake kotero kuti ndizosatheka kusokoneza ndi bowa wina uliwonse.

Chiwindi chimadyedwa. Bowa wokhwima kwambiri ukhoza kukhala wowawasa pang'ono.

Munthu akhoza kukangana za kukoma kwa chiwindi, ambiri sakonda maonekedwe a zamkati kapena wowawasa.

Koma kukoma kowawa kumeneku kumachokera ku kuchuluka kwa vitamini C mu zamkati. 100 magalamu a chiwindi chatsopano ali ndi chikhalidwe cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha vitamini iyi.

Bowa akhoza kuphikidwa m'nkhalango, pa pikiniki, pa grill. Mukhoza mwachangu mu poto, monga mbale yosiyana kapena mbatata. Inu mukhoza marinate.

Kanema wonena za bowa wamba wa liverwort:

Zithunzi zochokera m’mafunso a mu “Kuzindikiridwa” zinagwiritsiridwa ntchito monga zitsanzo za nkhaniyo.