Le Tani mtundu wa 1 shuga 5-10% ya matenda onse a shuga. Mtundu uwu wa matenda limapezeka nthawi zambiri paubwana kapena unyamata, chifukwa chake dzina lake lakale la "juvenile diabetes".

Poyamba, mtundu woyamba wa shuga suyambitsa zizindikiro zilizonse chifukwa kapamba amakhalabe akugwira ntchito pang'ono. Matendawa samawonekera mpaka 1-80% ya maselo a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulin awonongedwa kale.

Poyeneradi, Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 amatulutsa insulin yochepa kwambiri kapena ayi chifukwa cha autoimmune reaction yomwe imawononga pang'ono kapena kwathunthu ma cell a pancreatic beta. Ntchito yomaliza ndiyo kupanga insulini, yomwe ndiyofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito magazi a shuga ndi thupi monga gwero la mphamvu. Mu mtundu uwu wa matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa insulin nthawi zonse, chifukwa chake dzina lomwe nthawi zambiri limatchedwa "insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD)". Kuphatikiza apo, matendawa anali akupha asanatheke kuwongolera mothandizidwa ndi insulin.

Zimayambitsa

Sizikudziwika chomwe chimayambitsa chitetezo chamthupi kuyankha ma cell a beta. Anthu ena akuti amadwala matendawa, chifukwa cha iwo cholowa. Pali mbiri ya banja la Tani mtundu wa 1 shuga mu 10% yokha ya milandu. N’kutheka kuti matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana za m’majini komanso zachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, kukhudzana ndi mavairasi kapena zakudya zina mudakali moyo kungachititse kuti matendawa ayambike.

Zovuta zotheka

Zambiri pa zovuta zovuta (hypoglycemia ndi hyperglycemia yoyambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwamankhwala; ketoacidosis mwa odwala matenda ashuga osalandira chithandizo), onani chikalata chathu chotsimikizira za matenda a shuga (mwachidule).

M'kupita kwa nthawi, matenda a shuga 1 amawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a shuga matenda angapo : matenda a mtima, matenda a impso, kutaya mphamvu zala ndi mapazi, mavuto a masomphenya omwe angayambitse khungu, ndi zina zotero.

Njira yabwino yopewera zovutazi ndikuwunika shuga wamagazi, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol nthawi zonse. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onani tsamba lathu la Complications of Diabetes.

Samalani ndi matenda a celiac

La matenda celiac amapezeka makamaka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 - kuwirikiza nthawi 20 kuposa anthu wamba, kafukufuku wapeza¹². Matenda a Celiac ndi matenda ena a autoimmune omwe zizindikiro zake (makamaka kugaya chakudya) zimayamba chifukwa chodya gluten, mapuloteni omwe amapezeka mumbewu zingapo. Chifukwa chake, a kuwunika a celiac matenda tikulimbikitsidwa mu mtundu 1 shuga, ngakhale palibe zizindikiro zoonekeratu.