Chikumbu chimbudzi (Coprinellus domesticus) chithunzi ndi kufotokoza

Chikumbu cha ndowe (Coprinella wakunyumba)

• Agaricus domesticus Bolton, Hist. (1788)
• Zovala zapakhomo (Bolton)

Ma carpeting a Orange shaggy anali otchuka kwambiri m'zaka za makumi asanu ndi awiri, koma ndikuthokoza kuti tsopano ali kunja kwa mafashoni, pamodzi ndi nyali zausiku zooneka ngati cactus ndi tapestries za macramé. Komabe, adayiwala kufotokozera izi kwa Dung Man: amayala kapeti yonyezimira yowala pamitengo yakufa m'nkhalango mwanjira yakale.

Kapeti iyi imatchedwa "ozonium" ndipo ikayalidwa pamalo owonekera, palibe funso lachizindikiritso. Chiwonetsero chodabwitsachi chimapangidwa ndi mitundu ingapo ya kafadala, pakati pawo Coprinellus domesticus ndi ma radian ofanana kwambiri a Coprinellus, mitundu iwiriyi ili pafupifupi mapasa, pamafunika microscope kuti iwasiyanitse.

Umu ndi momwe ozonium imawonekera, awa ndi masamba obiriwira a mycelium, amawoneka bwino m'maso (chithunzi cha Alexander Kozlovsky):

Komabe, pali zitsanzo za mitundu yonse iwiri yopanda ozoni - momwemo amalumikizana ndi tizilombo tambiri tambiri tambiri tambiri tambiri tambiri tomwe timamera pamitengo, ndipo kuzindikira kumayamba kudalira zinthu monga mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono a granules ndi mamba pamwamba pa kapu. .

Chikumbu, pamodzi ndi bowa ena monga Peziza domiciliana kapena Peziza cerea (Basement Peziza), nthawi zina amakhala m'malo onyowa m'nyumba, monga matabwa kapena masitepe m'zipinda zapansi, makapeti osambira, mipando yamatabwa m'nyumba yakumidzi.

Michael Kuo analemba kuti:

Pafupifupi kawiri pachaka ndimalandira maimelo ofotokoza za bowa. Ngati malipoti owopsawa angakhale umboni wa sayansi (ndipo sangathe), mwinamwake ozoniyumu sawoneka kapena kulibe m'nyumba. . . kapena mwina olemba ma e-mail anga onse ali ndi kapeti ya bafa ya makumi asanu ndi awiri ndipo samawona ozonium.

mutu: 1-5, kawirikawiri mpaka 7 masentimita awiri akuluakulu, oval, ovoid ali aang'ono, ndiye m'mphepete mwake amakula, mawonekedwe a kapu amasintha kukhala otukumula kapena owoneka bwino. Mtundu ali wamng'ono ndi uchi wachikasu ndi woyera cha m'mphepete, pa msinkhu wochuluka umakhala wotuwa ndi bulauni, wa dzimbiri wa bulauni. Chophimba chonsecho chimakutidwa ndi zotsalira za spathe wamba mu mawonekedwe a mamba ang'onoang'ono kapena ma granules osawoneka bwino, mamba awa ndi oyera, oyera, kenako abulauni. Mu bowa wamkulu, amakokoloka ndi mvula. Chipewa chonsecho kuchokera m'mphepete ndi pafupifupi mpaka pakati chiri mu "nthiti" yaing'ono. M'mphepete nthawi zambiri amasweka, makamaka bowa wamkulu.

mbale: pafupipafupi, woonda, lonse, lamellar, adherent kapena pafupifupi kwaulere, poyamba woyera, kuwala, koma posakhalitsa kukhala imvi, ndiye wakuda, wakuda, ndipo potsirizira pake kufalikira, kusandulika "inki" wakuda.

mwendo: 4-10 cm kutalika, 0,2-0,8 cm wandiweyani, kawirikawiri mpaka 1 cm (mu zitsanzo zazing'ono). Yathyathyathya yokhala ndi maziko otupa pang'ono, osalala, oyera, opanda pake. Nthawi zina m'munsi mwa mwendo mukhoza kuona malire ooneka ngati volvo. Nthawi zambiri, pafupi ndi miyendo ya kachilomboka, pali ulusi walalanje, wofanana ndi kapeti, umawonekera bwino.

Pulp: yoyera, yoonda kwambiri, yolimba. Mu mwendo - fibrous.

Kununkhira ndi kukoma: wopanda mawonekedwe.

Chizindikiro cha ufa wa spore: wakuda kapena wakuda-bulauni.

Mikangano 6-9 x 3,5-5 µm, elliptical, yosalala, yoyenda, yokhala ndi ma eccentric pores, bulauni.

Saprophyte. Matupi a zipatso amawoneka m'magulu owundana kapena magulu ang'onoang'ono, nthawi zina okha. Amamera pamitengo yovunda, pamitengo yakufa yomizidwa mu gawo lapansi, pamitengo yonyowa, komanso pa utuchi, ma shavings, ulusi wamatabwa m'nthaka zosiyanasiyana.

Kuyambira kumapeto kwa kasupe, chilimwe ndi autumn (kapena yozizira m'madera otentha), m'nyumba - chaka chonse. Amapezeka m'minda, m'mapaki, m'malo okhala, m'mphepete mwa misewu, m'minda ndi m'nkhalango. Kufalikira m'madera onse.

Bowa amadyedwa akadali wamng'ono mpaka ndondomeko ya autolysis itayamba (pamene mbale ndi zoyera). Tikukulimbikitsani kuwiratu kwa mphindi zisanu. Koma zamkati pang'ono komanso kukoma pang'ono kumapangitsa kuti anthu otola bowa asakopeke. Komabe, m’maiko ena a ku Ulaya, kachikumbu, monga ndowe, amaonedwa ngati zakudya zokoma m’malo odyera.

Pali lingaliro lamphamvu kuti mbozi zonse sizigwirizana ndi mowa. Awa si mawu olondola kwathunthu. Imafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'mawu akuti "Bowa wa ndowe ndi mowa".

Magwero angapo akuwonetsa ndowe ngati bowa wosadyedwa kapena "Kukula kosadziwika".

M'mawu osavuta: zamkati mu kapu ndi woonda, palibe chodyera pamenepo, mwendo ndi wowawa, ndipo ngati mumakhulupirira "mphamvu yake yotsutsa mowa", ndiye kuti simungathe kuitumikira patebulo.

Kachikumbu konyezimira (Coprinellus radians)

Coprinellus radians ali ndi spores zazikulu (8,5-11,5 x 5,5-7 µm). Zotsalira za chophimba pachipewa ndi zachikasu-zofiira-bulauni, osati zoyera.

Chikumbu chagolide (Coprinellus xanthothrix)

Nthawi zambiri, yaying'ono pang'ono kuposa Homemade, zotsalira za bedspread ndi zofiirira pakati komanso zotsekemera m'mbali.

Coprinellus ellisii ndi mamba a bulauni-beige.

Chikumbu cha ndowe ( Coprinellus micaceus )

Ngati ozonium sapezeka pamalo omwe bowa amakula, ndiye kuti imodzi mwa mitundu yofanana ndi kakumbuyo imatha kuganiziridwa.

Koma ziyenera kumveka: ozoniyo sangawonekere, ikhoza kuwonongedwa kapena isanakhalepo ndi nthawi yopanga "carpet". Pachifukwa ichi, kutanthauzira kwa zamoyozo kumatheka kokha malinga ndi zotsatira za microscopy, komanso bwino - pambuyo pofufuza majini.

Chithunzi: Andrey.