Kuchokera pamalingaliro a etymological, chikhululukiro amachokera ku Latin kukhululukira ndikuwonetsa zochita" perekani kwathunthu ".

Kupitilira gawo la etymological, kukhululuka kumakhalabe kovuta kufotokoza.

Kwa Aubriot, chikhululukiro khazikika « pa chisomo, chokhazikika koma chonse, cholowa m'malo mwa chotsatira (chilango) chowonedwa ngati chabwino komanso chovomerezeka pa cholakwa chodziwika bwino kapena cholakwa. ".

Kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo Robin Casarjian, kukhululuka ndi ” maganizo a udindo pa chisankho cha malingaliro athu, chisankho chowona kupyola umunthu wa wolakwirayo, njira yosinthira malingaliro athu […] »

Katswiri wa zamaganizo Jean Monbourquette amakonda fotokozani chikhululuko ndi chimene sichili : kuiwala, kukana, kulamulidwa, kuwiringula, kusonyeza kupambana kwa makhalidwe, chiyanjanitso.

Psychology yamasiku ano imazindikira kwambiri chithandizo cha chikhululukiro, ngakhale izi zikadali zochepa kwambiri: mu 2005, katswiri wa zamaganizo wa ku France Christophe André anavomereza kuti " zonsezi ndi upainiya mwachilungamo, koma kukhululuka tsopano kuli ndi malo ake mu psychology. Mwa akatswiri amisala a ku France zikwi khumi, tikadali mwina zana kuti titchulepo zaposachedwa za psychotherapy yaumunthu yomwe idawonekera zaka makumi awiri zapitazo ku United States. ".

Kulakwira, kaya ndi chipongwe, kumenyedwa, kugwiriridwa, kuperekedwa kapena kusalungama kumakhudza munthu wolakwiridwayo m'maganizo mwake ndipo kumayambitsa bala lalikulu lamalingaliro lomwe limabweretsa malingaliro olakwika (mkwiyo, chisoni, mkwiyo, kufuna kubwezera, kukhumudwa. , kutaya mtima, kulephera kukhazikika kapena kulenga, kusakhulupirirana, kudziimba mlandu, kutaya chiyembekezo) kumayambitsa matenda a maganizo ndi thupi.

Dance Chiritsani ku zovuta zonse, Dr. Carl Simonton akuwonetsa ubale woyambitsa womwe umagwirizanitsa maganizo oipa chiyambi cha khansa.

Katswiri wazamisala waku Israeli Morton Kaufman wapeza kuti kukhululuka kumabweretsa kukhwima maganizo kwakukulu pamene katswiri wa zamaganizo wa ku America Richard Fitzgibbons anapeza kumeneko kuchepetsa mantha ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo wa ku Canada R. Hunter a kuchepa kwa nkhawa, kukhumudwa, kukwiya kwambiri komanso ngakhale kukhumudwa.

Pomaliza, katswiri wa zaumulungu Smedes amakhulupirira kuti kumasula mkwiyo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kopanda ungwiro komanso / kapena kuti zingatenge miyezi kapena zaka kuti zichitike. Kungonena kuti “Ndakukhululukirani” sikokwanira, ngakhale kungakhale sitepe lofunika poyambira, poyambira kukhululuka moona mtima.

Luskin adatanthauzira dongosolo lachikhululukiro:

• chikhululukiro chimatsatira njira yomweyo mosasamala kanthu za cholakwacho;
• chikhululukiro chimakhudza moyo wamakono osati zakale za munthu;
• kukhululuka ndi mchitidwe wopitilira muyeso woyenera muzochitika zonse.

Kwa olemba Enright ndi Freedman, gawo loyamba la ndondomekoyi ndi chidziwitso mwachibadwa: munthuyo amasankha kuti akufuna kukhululukira pazifukwa zina. Mwachitsanzo, angakhulupirire kuti kudzakhala bwino kwa thanzi lake kapena ukwati wake.

Panthawi imeneyi, nthawi zambiri samva chisoni ndi wolakwirayo. Kenako, pakapita nthawi inayake yachidziwitso, munthuyo amalowa mu gawo lamalingaliro pomwe pang'onopang'ono amakula chifundo kwa wolakwayo mwa kupenda mikhalidwe ya moyo imene ingakhale inampangitsa kuchita chisalungamo chimene iye anavutika nacho. Kukhululuka kungayambike pa nthawi imene chifundo, nthaŵi zina ngakhale chifundo, chimaonekera m’malo mwa mkwiyo ndi chidani.

Pamapeto pake, palibe kutengeka maganizo koipa kumene kumabukanso pamene cholakwacho chikutchulidwa kapena kukumbukiridwa.

Mu 1985, gulu la akatswiri a zamaganizo ogwirizana ndi yunivesite ya Wisconsin linayambitsa kulingalira za malo a chikhululukiro mu bizinesi ya psychotherapeutic. Amapereka chitsanzo chothandizira chogawidwa mu magawo a 4 ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ndi akatswiri ambiri a maganizo.

Gawo 1 - Dziwaninso mkwiyo wanu

Kodi munapewa bwanji kulimbana ndi mkwiyo wanu?

Kodi munakumana ndi mkwiyo wanu?

Kodi mukuwopa kuwulula manyazi kapena kulakwa kwanu?

Kodi mkwiyo wanu wakhudza thanzi lanu?

Kodi mwatanganidwa kwambiri ndi kuvulala kapena wolakwayo?

Kodi mumayerekezera mkhalidwe wanu ndi wa wolakwayo?

Kodi kuvulalako kwasintha moyo wanu kosatha?

Kodi kuvulalako kwasintha mmene mumaonera dziko?

Gawo 2 - Sankhani kukhululukira

Sankhani kuti zomwe munachita sizinagwire ntchito.

Konzekerani kuyamba njira yokhululukira.

Ganizirani kukhululukira.

Gawo 3 - Yesetsani kukhululuka.

Yesetsani kumvetsetsa.

Gwirani ntchito chifundo.

Landirani zowawazo.

Mpatseni wolakwayo mphatso.

Gawo 4 - Kupeza ndikumasulidwa kundende yamalingaliro

Dziwani tanthauzo la kuvutika.

Pezani kufunikira kwanu kukhululukidwa.

Dziwani kuti simuli nokha.

Dziwani cholinga cha moyo wanu.

Dziwani ufulu wakukhululuka.

« Udani umapandukira mitundu ya chic, sichikondweretsa malingaliro a chimerical omwe ali ndi chikondi chokha, amapasa omwe amaganiziridwa, mwana wowonongeka wa anthu. […] Udani ([…] mphamvu yosonkhezera iyi, yopatsidwa mphamvu yogwirizanitsa ndi yopatsa nyonga) imakhala ngati mankhwala a mantha, zomwe zimatipangitsa kukhala opanda mphamvu. Zimapereka kulimba mtima, kuyambitsa zosatheka, kukumba ngalande pansi pa waya waminga. Ngati ofooka sanadane, mphamvu ikanakhalabe mphamvu mpaka kalekale. Ndipo maufumu adzakhala amuyaya » debray 2003

« Kukhululukidwa kumatithandiza kuti tiyambe kuvomereza komanso kukonda anthu amene amatilakwira. Ichi ndi sitepe yotsiriza ya kumasulidwa kwamkati » John Vanier

« Monga ena amaphunzitsa ophunzira awo kuimba piyano kapena kulankhula Chitchaina. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, timawona anthu akugwira ntchito bwino, akukhala omasuka, koma sizimagwira ntchito podula. Nthawi zambiri kukhululuka kumachita mochedwa… timawawonanso pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, patatha chaka chimodzi, ndipo asintha kwambiri… malingaliro amakhala bwino… pamakhala kusintha pakudzidalira. » De Sairigné, 2006.