Frostbite

Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa matendawa

Frostbite - kuwonongeka kwa khungu ndi minofu ya anthu chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali yotentha ndi mphepo yozizira. Nthawi zambiri, mbali zotuluka za thupi (mphuno, makutu), khungu la nkhope ndi miyendo (zala ndi zala) zimawonongeka.

Frostbite siyenera kusokonezedwa ndi "kutentha kozizira”, Monga zikuwonekera pokhudzana mwachindunji ndi kuzizira, zinthu zamankhwala (mwachitsanzo, mukakumana ndi nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi kapena madzi oundana). Frostbite, nawonso, imapezeka m'nyengo yozizira-kasupe pa kutentha kwa 10-20 madigiri pansi pa Celsius kapena mukakhala panja ndi chinyezi chambiri, mphepo yozizira (pa kutentha pafupifupi ziro).

Zifukwa za Frostbite:

  • nsapato zolimba, zazing'ono kapena zonyowa, zovala;
  • kutaya mphamvu, njala;
  • kukhala kwanthawi yayitali mumayendedwe osokonekera kwa thupi kapena kusasunthika kwa thupi kwakanthawi kochepa kutentha kunja;
  • thukuta kwambiri pamapazi, palmu;
  • matenda a mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi ya miyendo;
  • mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zoopsa ndi kutaya magazi kwakukulu;
  • kuvulala kozizira koyambirira.

Zizindikiro za frostbite

Chizindikiro choyamba cha chisanu ndi khungu lotuwa pamadera omwe akhudzidwa ndi thupi. Munthu wozizira amayamba kunjenjemera, kunjenjemera, milomo imakhala yotuwa komanso yotuwa. Chikumbumtima, delirium, ulesi, kusakwanira mu khalidwe, kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo kungayambe. Kenako, m'malo a hypothermia, kumva kulasalasa ndikukula kowawa kumawonekera. Poyamba, ululu umapitirira kuwonjezeka, koma, pamene ziwiya zoziziritsa kuzizira ndi zopapatiza, ululuwo umachepa ndipo dzanzi la mwendo kapena dera lomwe lakhudzidwa la thupi limalowa. Pambuyo pake, kumva kutayika kwathunthu. Ngati miyendo yawonongeka, ntchito yawo imawonongeka. Khungu lowonongeka limauma ndikuzizira. Pambuyo pazigawo zonsezi, khungu limakhalanso ndi bluish, waxy wakufa, woyera kapena wachikasu.

Madigiri a frostbite

Malingana ndi zizindikiro, frostbite imagawidwa mu madigiri 4.

  1. 1 Digiri yoyamba - zosavuta. Zimayamba ndi kuzizira kwakanthawi kochepa. Chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha digiri iyi ndikusintha kwamtundu wa khungu komanso kukhalapo kwa kunjenjemera, kenako dzanzi. Khungu limasanduka buluu, ndipo munthu akafunda, limakhala lofiira kapena lofiirira. Nthawi zina pangakhale kutupa m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwa la thupi kapena nthambi. Zomva zowawa za mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zimathanso kuchitika. Pambuyo pa sabata, khungu lowonongeka likhoza kuchotsedwa. Pakutha kwa sabata pambuyo pa chisanu chinachitika, zizindikiro zonse zimatha ndipo kuchira kumachitika.
  2. 2 Ya digiri yachiwiri khungu lotumbululuka, kuzizira kwa dera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi kutayika kwa chidziwitso pa izo ndi khalidwe. Chochititsa chidwi chapadera cha digiri yachiwiri kuyambira yoyamba ndi maonekedwe a thovu m'masiku awiri oyambirira mutatha chisanu, chodzazidwa ndi madzi owonekera. Pambuyo pa kutentha, wodwalayo amayamba kuyabwa kwambiri komanso kuyaka. Kubwezeretsa ndi kubwezeretsa khungu kumachitika mkati mwa sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri, pamene palibe zizindikiro kapena zipsera zomwe zimakhalabe pakhungu.
  3. 3 Digiri yachitatu chisanu. Panthawi imeneyi, matuza amaoneka atadzazidwa kale ndi magazi. Kupweteka kwakukulu kumawonedwa (pafupifupi nthawi yonse ya chithandizo ndi nthawi yochira). Mapangidwe onse a khungu amawonongeka pakhungu poyera kutentha. Ngati zala zinali zolumidwa ndi chisanu, ndiye kuti mbale ya msomali imachoka ndipo sichimakulanso, kapena msomali umakula kuwonongeka ndi kupunduka. Pakatha milungu iwiri kapena itatu, minofu yakufayo imakanidwa, ndiye kuti nthawi yotupa imayamba ndipo imatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi.
  4. 4 Digiri yachinayi, nthawi zambiri, kuphatikiza ndi chisanu cha 2 ndi 3 digiri. Zigawo zonse za khungu zimafa, mafupa, minofu, mafupa amakhudzidwa. Malo okhudzidwawo amakhala cyanotic, amafanana ndi mtundu wa nsangalabwi, ndipo palibe kukhudzidwa konse. Pamene kutentha, khungu nthawi yomweyo amakhala edema. Kutupa kumawonjezeka mofulumira. Apa, zotsatira zake zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri: kuchokera ku zipsera pakhungu, kudulidwa kwa chiwalo kapena chala chokhala ndi necrosis yathunthu ya minofu kapena kuyambika kwa gangrene.

Zothandiza zakudya zachisanu

Wodwala amene wadwala chisanu ayenera kudya bwino ndipo, koposa zonse, kuonjezera kudya zakudya zomanga thupi ndi mavitamini. Ngati munthu wataya chilakolako, ndiye kuti simungathe kukakamiza chakudya kuti chikankhidwe. M'masiku oyambirira pambuyo povulazidwa, chinthu chachikulu ndicho kumwa mowa wambiri, zomwe zingathandize kuchotsa mavairasi ndi poizoni m'thupi. Imathandiza kumwa ofunda, osati mwamphamvu mbiri yabwino tiyi, mabulosi zipatso zakumwa (omwe poyamba kuchepetsedwa ndi ofunda madzi owiritsa), akupanga zakutchire ananyamuka zipatso, hawthorn, chamomile maluwa.

Kwa masiku oyambirira, ndi bwino kusankha msuzi wa nkhuku kapena msuzi wopepuka wophikidwa nawo. Chakudyachi chimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera amwazi, potero amachepetsa kuyabwa ndi kutupa.

Pa kutentha kwakukulu, zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira (coriander, sinamoni, ginger, tsabola, cloves, adyo) ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya. Adzawonjezera kupanga thukuta, potero amathandizira kuchepetsa kutentha.

Pankhani ya chisanu, zakudya zotere ndi mbale zidzakhala zothandiza monga: mkaka, kefir, kirimu wowawasa, kanyumba tchizi, tchizi, masamba (mbatata, kaloti, tomato, kolifulawa, beets), masamba masamba, nyama yowonda ndi nsomba, chimanga grated, mkate woyera. Kuchokera maswiti, mukhoza uchi, kupanikizana, marmalade, shuga pang'ono.

Wodwala ayenera kudya pang'ono, chiwerengero cha zakudya ayenera osachepera 6 zina.

Thandizo loyamba la chisanu

Pambuyo pozindikira munthu ndi chisanu, m'pofunika kupereka chithandizo choyamba.

Chinthu choyamba ndikuyika wodwalayo m'chipinda chofunda, kuchotsa nsapato, masokosi, magolovesi, kusintha zovala zonyowa ndi zouma (malingana ndi momwe zilili). Perekani chakudya chofunda ndi kudyetsa chakudya chotentha, kubwezeretsanso kufalikira kwa magazi.

RџS•Rё digiri yoyamba frostbite, wozunzidwayo amayenera kutikita malo owonongeka a thupi kapena miyendo (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zaubweya). Ikani bandeji ya thonje-gauze.

Pa 2, 3, 4 madigiri frostbite, palibe mlandu, kusisita, kutentha kutikita sayenera kuchitidwa. M`pofunika kuyika yopyapyala wosanjikiza pa kuonongeka chidutswa cha khungu, ndiye wosanjikiza thonje ubweya, ndiye yopyapyala ndi kukulunga ndi oilcloth kapena rubberized nsalu.

Kuwonongeka kwa miyendo (makamaka zala), zitetezeni ndi zinthu zowonongeka (mungagwiritse ntchito plywood, wolamulira, bolodi).

Inu simungakhoze pakani wodwalayo ndi matalala ndi mafuta. Ndi chisanu, mitsempha yamagazi imakhala yosalimba kwambiri ndipo imatha kuwonongeka, ndikupanga ma microcracks, momwe matenda amatha kulowa mosavuta.

Ndi hypothermia ambiri, m'pofunika kusamba kutentha (choyamba, kutentha kwa madzi sikuyenera kupitirira madigiri 24 Celsius, ndiye kuti muyenera kuwonjezera madzi otentha ndikubweretsa pang'onopang'ono kutentha kwa thupi la munthu - 36,6).

Mutatenga zomwe tafotokozazi, muyenera kuyimbira dokotala kuti awone zonse zomwe zawonongeka ndikupangira chithandizo choyenera.

Mu folk mankhwala achisanu:

  • mafuta frostbitten madera a thupi ndi celandine madzi katatu patsiku;
  • ngati kuzizira kwa malekezero, wiritsani 1,5 kilogalamu ya udzu winawake mu lita imodzi ya madzi, madziwo azizire pang'ono ndikuviika malo omwe akhudzidwa, sungani m'madzi mpaka mutazizira, kenaka muviike m'madzi ozizira ndikupukuta. bwinobwino, valani zovala zamkati zotentha (bwerezani ndondomekoyi kuyambira 7-10 nthawi usiku);
  • tincture wa mowa kuchokera ku zipatso za rowan kapena calendula kuti azipaka khungu lowonongeka;
  • onjezani khungu lachisanu ndi mafuta odzola opangidwa ndi mafuta odzola ndi maluwa a calendula (supuni ya maluwa ophwanyidwa imafunika 25 magalamu a mafuta odzola);
  • kupanga mafuta odzola kuchokera ku decoctions okonzedwa kuchokera ku thumba la abusa, tartar kapena kudya singano;
  • mafuta khungu lowonongeka katatu patsiku ndi osakaniza okonzeka ndi magalamu 100 a sera, theka la lita imodzi ya mafuta a mpendadzuwa, ochepa sulfure, spruce singano ndi 10 anyezi "pops" (zosakaniza zitatu zoyambirira zimayikidwa chala chala chala, chophika kwa mphindi khumi). ola limodzi pa moto wochepa, onjezerani anyezi, wiritsani kwa mphindi 30, kulola kuti kuziziritsa, kusefa);
  • pangani ma compress ndi mbatata yosenda, yophika ndi peel (mbatata yosenda iyenera kukhala yotentha kuti isatenthe khungu; imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumadera opweteka ndikukulunga ndi nsalu yosavuta kapena bandeji, mbatata ikazirala, ndikofunikira chotsani compress ndi mafuta pakhungu ndi mandimu mutatha kuchepetsedwa m'madzi ofunda mu chiŵerengero cha 1 mpaka 5).

Pofuna kupewa chisanu, ndikofunikira kuvala mofunda mu nsalu zaubweya kapena zachilengedwe. Nsapato ziyenera kukhala zomasuka osati kuphwanya. Ndi bwino kutenga thermos ndi zakumwa zotentha ndi inu. Itha kukhala tiyi, tiyi wa zitsamba kapena compote kuchokera ku zipatso kapena zitsamba zamankhwala.

Zowopsa komanso zovulaza ngati chisanu

  • muffins, mkate wophikidwa mwatsopano, crackers;
  • zakudya zonse zouma ndi zolimba;
  • mtedza;
  • mafuta nyama;
  • kusuta nyama, soseji;
  • nsomba zamchere;
  • borscht;
  • heavy cream;
  • pasitala, phala la balere, mapira;
  • mbatata, radish, kabichi (kabichi yoyera), radish;
  • theka-anamaliza mankhwala, kudya chakudya;
  • mowa ndi soda.

Zakudya zimenezi ziyenera kuchotsedwa pamene thupi likuchira. Iwo amachepetsa kubadwanso kwatsopano.

Chenjerani!

Otsogolerawo sali ndi udindo uliwonse poyesa kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zaperekedwa, ndipo sizikutsimikizira kuti sizikukuvulazani. Zipangizozo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuperekera chithandizo chamankhwala ndikupanga matenda. Nthawi zonse muzifunsa dokotala wanu!

Chakudya cha matenda ena:

Siyani Mumakonda