Garden fern: chisamaliro, kubzala
Pali nthano molingana ndi momwe fern imamera kamodzi pachaka usiku wa Ivan Kupala, ndipo aliyense amene angasankhe azitha kuwona komwe kuli chuma chonse. Mwina pachifukwa ichi, kapena chifukwa cha kukongola kwake kwachilendo, chomerachi chatchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa.
Fern imakonda mthunzi ndi chinyezi, imakhala yosasunthika pansi ndipo imakhazikika bwino m'malo omwe mbewu zina zobzalidwa sizikhala bwino. Kubzala kumachitika m'chaka, pamene chisanu chadutsa ndipo nthaka ikutentha mokwanira.
Garden fern imakonda malo okhala ndi mithunzi komanso nthaka yonyowa
Fern yamunda imabereka m'njira zingapo:
- mikangano;
- kugawanika kwa chitsamba;
- masharubu a rhizome;
- masamba a ana.
Spores amapezeka pansi pa masamba mu ma tubercles ang'onoang'ono. Kwa mbande zodzikulira yokha mu kugwa, ma tubercles amadulidwa ndi gawo la tsamba ndikuyikidwa m'matumba a mapepala. Mu theka lachiwiri la January, mungu wosweka kuchokera m'matumba amafesedwa m'mabokosi pamwamba pa nthaka, wothira ndi wokutidwa ndi galasi. Pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri, spores imamera ngati moss. Patapita nthawi, mbande zodzaza ndi mbande zimapangika, kenako zimakhazikika mumiphika yosiyana. M'chaka, mbande zimabzalidwa pamalo otseguka.
Mitundu ya fern yokhala ndi mizu yayitali ndiyosavuta kufalitsa pogawa chitsamba. M'chaka, chisanu chikatha, chitsamba chimakumbidwa, kugawidwa m'magawo ndikukhala m'mabowo osiyanasiyana.
Njira yosavuta ndiyo kuswana ndi ndevu za rhizome, zotulutsidwa mchaka ndi mitundu ina. Ndikokwanira kukumba pansi masentimita angapo ndikutsanulira madzi pa iwo. Patapita nthawi, mphukira zazing'ono zidzawoneka kuchokera kwa iwo.
Mitundu monga kostenets ndi mnogoryadnik kupanga ana masamba pa masamba. Iwo amasiyanitsidwa mosamala, anaikidwa pa chonyowa Moss ndi yokutidwa ndi galasi mtsuko. Pambuyo pa masabata atatu, masambawo amazika mizu mokwanira, ndipo amabzalidwa kuseri kwa nyumba.
Fern ndiyofunika kuisamalira, chinthu chokhacho chomwe chimamera bwino ndi nthaka yonyowa. Mukathirira, muyenera kunyowetsa tsinde la chitsamba, komanso kupopera masamba.
Nthawi yachisanu isanafike, sikofunikira kudula masamba akale, m'chaka kukula kwachinyamata "kumanyundo" ndipo chitsamba chidzakhalanso chokongoletsera.
M'dzinja, mulch wokhala ndi utuchi ndi masamba amatsanuliridwa mozungulira chitsamba. Amachotsedwa m'chaka. Mulching ndi mapazi a coniferous ayenera kuchitidwa mutatha kuthirira - izi zidzateteza chinyezi ndi kulimbitsa mizu.
Pali mitundu 10 ya fern yomwe imamera m'nkhalango zotentha komanso m'nkhalango zapakati pa Russia. Mitundu yambiri ya fern imakhala ndi mankhwala, ndipo zakudya zokoma zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku mphukira zazing'ono zamitundu ina.