Pike wamkulu. Chikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi chogwidwa ndi asodzi (zithunzi 30)

Pike wamba ndi imodzi mwa nsomba zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimadya madzi opanda mchere ku Europe. Malingana ndi zowona zotsimikizirika, kutalika kwake kumatha kufika mamita 1,5, kulemera kwa makilogalamu 35 - kunagwidwa pa Nyanja ya Ilmen ku Russia. Malinga ndi zosatsimikizirika, pikes zazikulu zolemera makilogalamu 65 zinagwidwa kumpoto kwa Dvina ndi Dnieper.

Zamoyo

Maonekedwe a thupi la pike amasesedwa, pafupifupi cylindrical, dorsal ndi anal fins amanyamulidwa kutali. Thupi limakutidwa ndi mamba ang'onoang'ono owundana ndi ntchofu. Mutu ndi waukulu, wotalikirana ndi mphuno yotalika kwambiri komanso yosalala, nsagwada zapansi zimatuluka kutsogolo. Mano ambiri akuthwa ali mkamwa; pa nsagwada za m'munsi ndi zazikulu komanso zosawerengeka. Ma gill rakers ndi aafupi komanso okhuthala, okhala ndi nsonga yosalala. Maso a nsombazo ndi aakulu komanso oyendayenda. Mtundu wa thupi nthawi zambiri umakhala wobiriwira wonyezimira, kumbuyo kumakhala koderapo, mbali zake zimakhala zopepuka, zokhala ndi mawanga a bulauni, nthawi zina zimaphatikizana ndi mikwingwirima yakuda, mimba ndi yoyera.

Malingana ndi malo okhala, maonekedwe a thupi amatha kusiyana kwambiri. M'nyanja zokhala ndi silt ndi madzi amatope ofiirira, ndi mdima, m'mitsinje yokhala ndi madzi owoneka bwino ndi imvi-wobiriwira, imvi-chikasu kapena imvi-bulauni. Mtundu wa pike umasintha ndi zaka ndipo umakhala wakuda. Zipsepse za pachifuwa ndi zam'mimba zimakhala zofiira ngati chikasu, zakumbuyo, kumatako ndi zam'mimba zimakhala zotuwa zotuwa ndi mawanga ofiirira kapena akuda.

Zowona za kugwidwa kwa pike wamkulu ndi anglers

1. Mu 1930, pike yoyamba yaikulu kwambiri ku Russia inalembedwa, ndipo kugwira pike, yomwe inkalemera makilogalamu 35, inalembedwanso mwalamulo kwa nthawi yoyamba. Malo omwe nsombazo zidagwidwa adapezeka kuti ndi Nyanja ya Ilmen, onani Wikipedia. Asodzi ambiri amanena kuti zimenezi sizochitika zokha, koma amangokhala chete ponena za chipambanocho chifukwa choopa phokoso losafunikira ndi kulanda nsombazo.
2. M'chigawo cha New York, pike ya maskinong, yolemera makilogalamu 32, inagwidwa pamtsinje wa St. Lawrence, asodziwo sakanatha kukoka nsombazo paokha, choncho anafunika kuthandiza ndi ngalawa.
3. Ku Sortavala, chowonadi chogwira pike wamkulu wolemera makilogalamu 49 chinalembedwa, nyambo yamoyo idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyambo, pike nayonso siing'ono mu kukula, kuti ikhale yolondola, 5 kg.
4. Mu Nyanja ya Uvldach, yomwe ili kumpoto, pike yaikulu inagwidwa, yomwe inali yolemera makilogalamu 56.
5. Palinso mfundo yogwira pike yaikulu pa Nyanja ya Ladoga ndi ku our country, koma kulemera kwake sikuli kochititsa chidwi, zomwe sitinganene za msinkhu wake. Magwero aboma akuwonetsa kuti pike yakale kwambiri padziko lapansi idakhala zaka pafupifupi 33.
6. Nkhani yochititsa chidwi ndi yomwe inachitika ku Netherlands, kumene nyama yodya nyama inagwidwa kumeneko, yomwe kutalika kwake inali 120 cm, ndipo inatenga mphindi 10 kuti itulutse. Nsombayi idatulutsidwa m'malo ake atangojambula ndi kuyeza.
7. Ndipo posachedwapa, mu 2011, ku Canada, chowonadi chogwira pike 118 masentimita yaitali chinalembedwa, chomwe kwenikweni patapita masiku angapo chinamenyedwa ndi anglers pamtsinje wa St. Lawrence, kugwira chilombo cha 130 cm.

Pike wamkulu kwambiri padziko lapansi

Pike yayikulu idakhalapo ndipo idzakhala nkhani ya nthano, nthano ndi nkhani zomwe osodza nsomba akhala akulemba kwazaka mazana angapo. Nthano yodziwika kwambiri imanena kuti pike wamkulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi adagwidwa ku Germany. Kulemera kwake kunali 140 kg, ndi kutalika kwake kunali mamita 5,7. Imatchulanso zaka zolembedwa za nsomba, zomwe zinali zaka 270; izi zinachokera ku deta yomwe inapezedwa za mphete, yomwe inayikidwa pa nsomba mu 1230 ndi lamulo la Mfumu Frederick II.

Mafupa a nsomba iyi anali mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale mumzinda wa Mannheim kwa nthawi yaitali, kukondweretsa maso a alendo komanso osavutitsa aliyense. Koma tsiku lina labwino, asayansi anaganiza zofufuza ngati chionetserocho n’choonadi. Ndipo adatsimikizira kuti uwu ndi gulu la mafupa a nsomba zingapo zazing'ono zolusa. Kotero si kanthu koma nthano chabe.

Pike wamkulu wogwidwa ku Russia

Ma pikes ojambulidwa ku Russia amaonedwa kuti ndi adani omwe amakhala ndi zaka 20 ndipo amalemera ma kilogalamu 16. Nthawi zambiri, zikho zotere zimadutsa pa Nyanja ya Ladoga. Koma asodzi nthawi zonse amakhala chete pa iwo, polimbikitsidwa ndi mfundo yakuti nsomba zidzatengedwa, ndipo sitidzapeza kalikonse.

Pike yaikulu kwambiri yomwe inagwidwa ku Russia inagwidwa ndipo inalembedwa mwalamulo pa nyanja ya Ladoga yomwe tatchula pamwambapa pafupi ndi mzinda wa Sortavala, nsombayo inkalemera makilogalamu 49 magalamu 200, ndipo inagwidwa pa nyambo yamoyo - pike yolemera 5 kg, yomwe inali itangotsala pang'ono kutha. anagwidwa pa wobbler ndi kukokera ku gombe.

Malo okhala pike wamba

Mtundu uwu umagawidwa kwambiri ku Europe, Asia ndi North America. Pike adabweretsedwa koyamba ku Crimea pakati pazaka zapitazi ndi asodzi amateur ndikutulutsidwa m'malo osungiramo madzi a Alma.

Chikoka chake pa ichthyofauna cha nkhokwechi chinadziwika kuti ndi choyipa, pambuyo pake posungiramo adatsitsidwa ndipo pike inathetsedwa pamenepo, koma izi sizinalepheretse kulowa kwake mu peninsula. Pakali pano, nsombazi zimakhala pafupifupi m’madawi onse a m’mitsinje ndi m’mphepete mwa mitsinje; nthawi zina amapezekanso m'mitsinje (mwachitsanzo, Chernaya, Belbek, Biyuk-Karasu), kumene amamatira ku mitsinje ndi madera akuya omwe ali ndi mpweya wofooka, ndipo amapezeka mu SCC. Pike imapezekanso m'madziwe ena akutali, kumene, mwachiwonekere, asodzi osaloledwa amayambitsidwa.

Zizolowezi ndi kubalana

Nthawi zambiri a Pike amakonda malo abata okhala ndi zomera zapansi pamadzi, kumene ana amitundu ina amakhala ambiri. Pike yaikulu imakhala m'mitsinje yakuya, maenje, pafupi ndi ming'alu, pike yapakati ndi yaying'ono - pafupi ndi m'mphepete mwa zomera zam'madzi, pansi pa nkhono ndi nthambi zomwe zimapachikidwa m'madzi. Nsomba sizimasamuka kwambiri.

Monga lamulo, malo ake odyetserako amakhala pafupi ndi malo oberekera. Mwachangu amadya zooplankton crustaceans mpaka kutalika kwa 12-15 mm, ndiye amayamba kudya mwachangu ndipo akafika kutalika kwa 5 cm, amasinthiratu kudyetsa nsomba zazing'ono. Akuluakulu a pikes amadyanso makamaka nsomba, kuwonjezera pa kudya nyongolotsi, tadpoles, achule, mbalame zazing'ono zam'madzi ndi makoswe. Monga lamulo, nyama zonse za nkhokwe iyi zimapezeka muzakudya zawo. Zodziwika bwino za moyo wa pike zimadziwika bwino ndi dzina lake la sayansi la Chilatini, lomwe limatanthawuza "njala yanjala" pomasulira.

Pike imayamba kuswana ali ndi zaka 2-3, kubereka kwawo kumakhala koyambirira kwambiri, kumachitika mwamsanga madzi oundana atasungunuka m'madzi osaya, m'madera a ku Ulaya ku Russia - kawirikawiri mu February - March, kamodzi. Anthu akuluakulu amayamba kubereka poyamba, kenako anthu apakati, ndipo ang'onoang'ono, omwe amabala kwa nthawi yoyamba, amamaliza masewera okweretsa. Mzimayi mmodzi amatsagana ndi amuna angapo kuti abereke, mazirawo amaikidwa pa zomera za m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Caviar ndi yayikulu, 2,5-3 mm m'mimba mwake, amber-chikasu. Kukula kwa nsomba kumachokera ku 13,8 mpaka 384 mazira. Yaikazi, yotalika masentimita 91 ndikulemera 7,8 kg, inali ndi mazira 2595.

Kutsiliza: Penapake pansi pa madzi, pike wamkulu wakale, wanzeru ndi wochenjera, amasambira pang'onopang'ono m'malo ake osaka. Ngati pali ng'ombe yamwayi yomwe ingathe kugonjetsa chilombo ichi, ndipo ili ndi mphamvu zokwanira ndi kupirira kukoka nsomba yaikulu kumtunda, ndiye kuti dziko lapansi lidzadziwa za mbiri yotsatira ya ku Russia ...