Denga la Grand Line ndi makwerero a khoma - malangizo oyika makwerero a denga

Pamene ntchito ya denga ikuchitika kapena kukonzanso kukonzedwa, kukonzanso denga la nyumba iliyonse (ngakhale nyumba zotsika), zinyumba zapadera zimafunika zomwe zidzalola okonza kuti ayende pamapiri. Nthawi zina ambuye amakana machitidwe otero, koma nthawi zina izi ndizoletsedwa ndi malamulo a chitetezo. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kukonzekeretsa nyumba, kanyumba kapena nyumba ina iliyonse yokhala ndi khoma ndi masitepe apadenga. Ndiwothandiza pazochitika zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, pakusamalira ma chimneys, ngalande.

Masiku ano, zogulitsa, kuphatikizapo mu sitolo ya Grand Line, pali kusankha kwakukulu kwa mapangidwe otere. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona masitepe a madenga ndi ma facades, komanso kudziwa mawonekedwe, ma nuances oyika.

Masitepe apadenga

Ngati mukufuna kukwera padenga, mudzazindikira nthawi yomweyo kuti chipangizo chamtundu wina chidzafunika kuyenda pamwamba. Mukhoza, ndithudi, kuyesa kusuntha pa tile yachitsulo. Koma izi ndizowopsa kwambiri, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira kwambiri kapena m'miyezi yozizira, pomwe chilichonse chozungulira chimakutidwa ndi chipale chofewa komanso ayezi. Kuwonjezera apo, denga likhoza kuwonongeka. Mitundu ina ya denga silingathe kunyamula ngakhale kulemera kwa munthu. Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndikuyika makwerero apadera.

Zinyumba zokwezera padenga zimamangirizidwa bwino pamwamba, osagwedezeka, osavunda, osataya mawonekedwe awo okongola kwa nthawi yayitali. Mudzakhala omasuka ndi otetezeka kwathunthu kupita mmwamba kapena pansi pa iwo.

Kukhalapo kwa masitepe apanyumba panyumba kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana:

  • Kuyika kwa tinyanga, zingwe.
  • Kuyendera padenga.
  • Kuyeretsa chimney.
  • Kuyang'anira, kukonza ma skylights.
  • Kusamalira mbali yakunja ya ngalande.
  • Kukonza zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokutira.

Timaperekanso zabwino zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito zomanga:

  • Kukweza kotetezeka ndikuyenda padenga.
  • Sungani zotuluka pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.
  • Kutonthoza pamene ntchito ndi matailosi zitsulo ndi zinthu zina.
  • Kukongoletsa kwa nyumbayo palokha komanso dera lonse lakunja kwatawuni. Zitsanzo zamakono ndizosiyana kwambiri. Ogula adzatha kusankha njira yamtundu uliwonse, mtundu wa mtundu.

mitundu

Masitepe onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazigawo zosiyanasiyana zomanga denga, komanso panthawi yogwira ntchito, akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu anayi:

  • Attic kapena mansard. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndikukwera pamwamba pa denga kuchokera panyumba. Ndiko kuti, ndi m'nyumba. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nkhuni, zitsulo. Kuti chipangizocho chizisungidwa mosavuta, nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa kukhala chopindika kapena chopindika. Zitsanzo zina zimaphatikizidwa ndi hatch yogwira ntchito.
  • Facade kapena khoma. Zapangidwa kuti zikwezedwe kuchokera pakhonde, pabwalo kapena pansi.
  • wamva. Wokwera pamapiri. Zitsanzo zamakono ndi machitidwe a modular omwe amamangiriridwa wina ndi mzake. Zomangamanga zimakulolani kuti mufikire mbali iliyonse ya tile popanda kuiwononga.
  • Zadzidzidzi kapena moto. Amayikidwa panyumba zomwe kutalika kwa mazenera kumapitilira 3,5 m. Cholinga cha masitepe oterowo padenga ndi kupereka malo otetezeka othawa ngati mwadzidzidzi, mwachitsanzo, pakakhala moto pamene zotuluka zatsekedwa. Mitundu yangozi idapangidwa poganizira zofunikira zamphamvu ndi kudalirika kwa chipangizocho. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhazikitsa kumatha kuchitidwa ndi makampani apadera. Zomangamanga zamoto sizipezeka kawirikawiri pomanga nyumba zapayekha. Kawirikawiri amatha kuwoneka m'nyumba zamitundu yambiri, kumene, mwachitsanzo, maofesi, mabungwe a maphunziro ali.

Komanso, mapangidwe a makwerero amagawidwa malinga ndi cholinga chogwirira ntchito:

  • zam'manja. Amatsimikizira malo okhazikika pakuyika matailosi, kuyika kwa doborniks, kulumikizana.
  • Kusungirako. Amapereka mwayi wotetezeka, momasuka kupita padenga panthawi yokonza kapena zodzitetezera.

Zojambulajambula

Makwerero a denga nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu, chitsulo, nthawi zambiri matabwa. Mutha kupezanso zosankha zophatikizira, zokhala ndi maziko angapo. Chifukwa cha zinthu zabwino kwambiri, makhalidwe abwino kwambiri, mankhwala sagonjetsedwa ndi zowola ndi zoipa. Zitsanzo zamakono zimakutidwa ndi wosanjikiza wapadera wa polima womwe umachotsa dzimbiri.

Pakuyika, makinawo amamangiriridwa kuzinthu zapadera, zomwe zimakhudza kudalirika kwa zida zonse ndikuchepetsa zochitika zadzidzidzi. Pogwiritsa ntchito, makwerero okwera padenga sagwedezeka, amapereka kuyenda kotetezeka, kosavuta kudera lonselo.

zida

Zitsanzo za denga nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zigawo zosiyana ndi mabulaketi omwe amakhala ngati zomangira. Mapangidwe apadera a mabakiteriya amakulolani kuwayika pazinthu zilizonse popanda kuphwanya kulimba ndi kukhulupirika kwa chinsalu.

Seti yathunthu yokhazikika imatengera seti kuchokera pakhoma ndi denga. Zomangamanga zoterezi zimatsatira mopanda chilema ndi miyezo, kotero zimatha kugwira ntchito zadzidzidzi ndi moto. Posankha chitsanzo, perekani zokonda kuzinthu zokhala ndi zokutira zothandizira. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mphira wosokera womwe umakana kuterera.

Kuyika masitepe

Mu malo ogulitsira pa intaneti a Grand Line mutha kugula masitepe osiyanasiyana. Ambiri aiwo ali ndi dongosolo losavuta kwambiri lokhazikitsa, lomwe lingathe kuyendetsedwa popanda akatswiri. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo a wopanga. Ganizirani masitepe ofunikira:

  1. Kukonzekera kwazinthu zonse zamtsogolo.
  2. Kutsimikiza kwa mapangidwe a mabatani. Choyamba fotokozani monyanyira, ndiyeno zinthu wamba.
  3. Kuyika mabatani okhala ndi mabawuti, makwerero.
  4. Seti yomanga m'magawo, kutengera kukula kwa njirayo.
  5. Kuyika pamwamba pa denga - kuyika ma handrails, kusankha anangula potengera zomwe zasankhidwa.

Panthawi yokhazikitsa, muyenera kuganizira malamulo ena omwe angapangitse kuti mapangidwewo akhale odalirika komanso okhazikika momwe mungathere. Mwachitsanzo, pofuna kupewa kutayikira, m'malo omwe zomangira zimayikidwa, ndikofunikira kuchita chithandizo cha sealant.

Musanayambe kukhazikitsa, dziwani kutalika kwa dongosololi molondola. Ndiye mukhoza chepetsa unsembe usanayambe. Izi zidzakupulumutsani ku mavuto owonjezera panthawi ya ntchito pamtunda.

Masitepe a facade (khoma).

Nyumba iliyonse, nyumbayi imakhala ndi denga lomwe limafunikira kusamalidwa nthawi zonse. Ngati tikukamba za nyumba yaumwini, ndiye kuti mwini nyumbayo ayenera kukwera padenga kuti achotse masamba, kusintha mlongoti, chipale chofewa kapena chitoliro, ndikukonza pang'ono. Ntchito zonsezi ziyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi. Apo ayi, mlingo wa kuvala udzawonjezeka, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu ndi zolakwika. Ndipo izi zidzafuna kukonzanso kwamtengo wapatali kapena kukonzanso kwathunthu kwa zokutira. Njira imodzi yodzipulumutsira ku zovutazi ndikuwongolera kukonza nyumba ndikuyitanitsa masitepe opita ku facade. Amaikidwa panja pa khoma lonyamula katundu la nyumbayo ndipo amapangidwa kuti anyamule ndi kusuntha padenga.

Design

Ma nuances onse a masitepe oyima amayendetsedwa ndi muyezo wa boma. Chogulitsa chabwino, chotsimikizika chiyenera kutsimikizira:

  • Kufikira otetezeka pamwamba pa nyumbayo nthawi iliyonse popanda chiopsezo ku moyo ndi thanzi.
  • Kulumikizana kwamphamvu, kolimba, kodalirika kwa zinthu zonse.
  • Kukhoza kuthandizira kulemera kwapakati kwa munthu.
  • Palibe zotsatira zoipa pa zipangizo zokutira.
  • Kuyika bwino masitepe. Njira yapansi iyenera kukhala patali osapitirira 1-1,2 m kuchokera pansi. The pamwamba kapamwamba ayenera kuikidwa pa mlingo wa eaves. M'lifupi mwake masitepe omwewo ndi 0,4 m.

Mitundu ya facade iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira pamiyezo yonse yomwe ilipo. M'pofunikanso kukhazikitsa molondola zinthu za dongosolo. Chisamaliro chochuluka chimaperekedwa ku kudalirika kwa kukhazikitsa, kukonza zigawo zonse, kumangirira kwa handrails.

Opanga odalirika omwe ali ndi chidziwitso pakupanga makina otere, monga Grand Line, amapereka zomanga zokhala ndi zomangira ndi chilichonse chofunikira pakuyika kolondola.

zida

Masitepe opita kukhoma lakunja kwa nyumbayo ali ndi zida zotsatirazi:

  • Kamangidwe kake ndi chiwerengero chofunikira cha zigawo, malingana ndi kutalika kwa nyumbayo. Ngati n'koyenera, kutalika kwa mankhwala akhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi kudula owonjezera.
  • Awiri a handrails mu mawonekedwe a arc, kupereka momasuka, otetezeka kukwera.
  • Mabulaketi olendewera omangirira chipangizocho m'mphepete.
  • Maburaketi opangira khoma. Chiwerengero cha zinthu zimadalira kukula kwa gawolo.
  • Zogwirizira pa handrails, milatho padenga.

Kuyika masitepe

Kuti muyike bwino dongosolo la makwerero padenga kapena khoma, muyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo a wopanga. Nthawi zambiri, kukhazikitsa kumaphatikizapo magawo asanu ndi limodzi:

  1. Kumangirira khoma ndi gawo lothandizira loyenera.
  2. Kulumikizana kwa mizere yayikulu ndi mabulaketi.
  3. Kuyika mabatani olendewera ndikumangirira pama rafters ndi cornice board.
  4. Kuphatikiza denga ndi khoma ndi U-bracket.
  5. Kukhazikitsa kwa Handrail.
  6. Kuyika mlatho.

Malangizo apakanema

Mu kanema kuchokera ku Grand Line, mutha kuwona bwino njira yoyika.

Zofunikira kwambiri

Masitepe opita padenga ndi khoma ndi chinthu chofunikira pakukonza denga. Imatha kuthandizira kwambiri ntchito zambiri panthawi yokonza kapena kukonza nyumba. Pogula mapangidwe, yang'anani mosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, mlingo wa chitetezo. Chipangizocho chiyenera kukhala chodalirika, choncho n'kofunika kwambiri kuti zipangizo zamakono, zapamwamba ndi zipangizo zigwiritsidwe ntchito popanga.

Ndikofunika kuyandikira mosamala njira yoyika. Kuti muyike bwino dongosololi, muyenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso. Ndi bwino kupereka yankho la nkhaniyi kwa amisiri aluso. Adzakhazikitsa dongosolo la denga modalirika, mofulumira, mogwira mtima.

Siyani Mumakonda