Honey agaric njerwa wofiira (Hypholoma lateritium) chithunzi ndi kufotokoza

Honey agaric njerwa wofiira (Hypholoma lateritium)

• Chisa chabodza cha njerwa zofiira

• Chisa chabodza cha njerwa zofiira
• Hypholoma sublateritium
• Agaricus carneolus
• Nematoloma sublateritium
• Inocybe cortica

mutu: 3-8 centimita m'mimba mwake, kukula kwake mpaka 10 komanso mpaka 12 cm kumawonetsedwa. Mwa ana, imakhala yozungulira, yokhala ndi m'mphepete mwamphamvu, kenako yopingasa, imakhala yowoneka bwino ndipo, pakapita nthawi, imakhala yosalala. Mu intergrowths, zipewa za bowa wa uchi wabodza wofiyira wa njerwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopunduka, chifukwa alibe malo okwanira kuti atembenuke. Khungu la kapu ndi losalala, nthawi zambiri louma, lonyowa pambuyo pa mvula, koma osati kwambiri. Mtundu wa kapu ukhoza kufotokozedwa ngati "njerwa yofiira" yonse, koma mtundu wake ndi wosiyana, wakuda pakati komanso wotumbululuka (pinkish-buff, pinkish mpaka wofiira kwambiri, nthawi zina ndi mawanga akuda) m'mphepete, makamaka aang'ono, mu zitsanzo zakale, chipewa chimadetsedwa mofanana. Pamwamba pa kapu, makamaka m'mphepete, monga lamulo, pali "zingwe" zopyapyala - tsitsi loyera, izi ndizo zotsalira za bedi lapadera.

mbale: kumamatira mofanana kapena ndi notch yaing'ono. Pafupipafupi, yopapatiza, yopyapyala, yokhala ndi mbale. Bowa wamng'ono kwambiri ndi woyera, woyera-buff kapena kirimu:

Koma posakhalitsa amadetsedwa, amapeza mtundu kuchokera ku imvi yotuwa, imvi ya azitona mpaka imvi, m'mitundu yokhwima kuchokera ku purplish imvi kupita ku bulauni wakuda.

mwendo: 4-12 cm wamtali, 1-2 cm wandiweyani, kupitirira kapena mocheperapo kapena yopindika pang'ono, nthawi zambiri imalowera m'munsi chifukwa cha kukula kwamagulu, nthawi zambiri ndi katsamba kakang'ono. Zopanda tsitsi kapena zowoneka bwino kumtunda, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi ephemeral kapena zone yosalekeza kumtunda. Mtunduwu ndi wosagwirizana, wonyezimira pamwamba, kuchokera ku zoyera mpaka zofiirira, zopepuka, zofiirira zofiirira zimawoneka pansipa, kuchokera ku bulauni wonyezimira mpaka zofiirira zofiirira, zofiira, nthawi zina ndi "mikwingwirima" ndi mawanga achikasu. Mwendo wa bowa wamng'ono ndi wonse, ndi zaka ndi dzenje.

mphete (otchedwa "skirt"): kulibe, koma ngati muyang'anitsitsa, mu "zone annular" mu zitsanzo za anthu akuluakulu, mukhoza kuona zotsalira za "zingwe" kuchokera pabedi lachinsinsi.

Pulp: cholimba, chosalimba kwambiri, choyera mpaka chachikasu.

Futa: palibe fungo lapadera, bowa wofewa, pang'ono.

Kukumana. Izi ziyenera kunenedwa mwatsatanetsatane. Magwero osiyanasiyana amapereka chidziwitso chosiyana kwambiri, kuyambira "chofatsa", "chowawa pang'ono" mpaka "chowawa". Kaya izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mikhalidwe ya anthu ena, nyengo, mtundu wa nkhuni zomwe bowa amamera, dera, kapena china chake sizikudziwika.

Zinkawoneka kwa wolemba cholemba ichi kuti m'madera omwe ali ndi nyengo yotentha (mwachitsanzo, British Isles), kukoma kumasonyezedwa kuti ndi "chofatsa, nthawi zina chowawa", pamene nyengo imakhala yowawa kwambiri, imakhala yowawa kwambiri. Koma izi ndi malingaliro chabe, osatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi mwanjira iliyonse.

Kusintha kwa mankhwala: KOH brownish pa kapu pamwamba.

spore powder: bulauni wofiirira.

Mawonekedwe a Microscopic: spores 6-7 x 3-4 microns; ellipsoid, yosalala, yosalala, yopyapyala, yokhala ndi ma pores osadziwika bwino, yachikasu mu KOH.

Njerwa zabodza za njerwa zofiira zimafalitsidwa kwambiri ku Ulaya, Asia, ndi America.

Zimabala zipatso kuyambira m'chilimwe (kumapeto kwa June-July) mpaka m'dzinja, November-December, mpaka chisanu. Imakula m'magulu ndi m'magulu pamitengo yakufa, yovunda, yosapezeka kawirikawiri (pazitsa ndi pafupi ndi zitsa, pamitengo ikuluikulu yakufa, mizu yakufa yomizidwa pansi) yamitundu yophukira, imakonda thundu, imapezeka pa birch, mapulo, popula, ndi mitengo ya zipatso. Malinga ndi mabuku, sizimakula pamitengo ya conifers.

Apa, monga ndi chidziwitso cha kukoma, deta ndi yosiyana, yotsutsana.

Mwachitsanzo, ena -(Chiyukireniya-) -anthu a zinenero zina amatchula bowa wofiira wa njerwa ku bowa wosadyedwa kapena magulu 4 omwe amadyedwa. Zithupsa ziwiri kapena zitatu zimalimbikitsidwa kuchokera ku 5 mpaka 15-25 mphindi iliyonse, ndi kukhetsa koyenera kwa msuzi ndikutsuka bowa pambuyo pa chithupsa chilichonse, pambuyo pake bowa akhoza yokazinga ndi kuzifutsa.

Bowa wauwisi kapena wosapsa, ukhoza kuyambitsa kusokonezeka kwa m'mimba. Choncho, ambiri chinenero English magwero musati amalangiza kulawa yaiwisi njerwa wofiira uchi uchi agaric, ngakhale chizindikiritso zolinga, ndipo ngati muyesa, palibe mlandu kumeza izo.

Palibe deta yodalirika pa poizoni wodziwika. Palibe chidziwitso chokhudza poizoni aliyense.

Pamene Jacob Christian Schaeffer anafotokoza za mtundu umenewu mu 1762, anautcha Agaricus lateritius. (Bowa wambiri wa agaric poyambilira anaikidwa mu mtundu wa Agaricus m’masiku oyambirira a fungal taxonomy.) Zaka zoposa 1871 pambuyo pake, m’buku lake lakuti Der Führer in die Pilzkunde lofalitsidwa mu XNUMX, Paul Kummer anasamutsira mtunduwo ku mtundu wake wamakono wotchedwa Hypholoma.

Hypholoma lateritium synonym imaphatikizapo mndandanda waukulu, pakati pawo uyenera kutchulidwa:

• Agaricus lateralis Schaeff.
• Agaricus sublateritis Schaeff.
• Agaric wodzikuza wa Bolton
• Pratella lateritia (Schaeff.) Gray,
• Kuphika scaly deconic
• Hypholoma sublateritium (Schaeff.) Quél.
• Naematoloma sublateritium (Schaeff.) P. Karst.

Ku US, akatswiri ambiri a mycologists amakonda dzina lakuti Hypholoma sublateritium (Schaeff.) Quél.

M'machitidwe olankhula, mayina "njerwa-wofiira uchi agaric" ndi "njerwa-wofiira wabodza agaric" akhazikitsidwa.

Hypholoma (Gyfoloma), dzina la mtundu, kutanthauza "bowa wokhala ndi ulusi" - "bowa wokhala ndi ulusi." Izi zitha kukhala zonena za chotchinga chapang'onopang'ono chomwe chimalumikiza kapu ndi phesi, kuphimba mbale za matupi achichepere kwambiri, ngakhale olemba ena amakhulupirira kuti izi ndizomwe zimatanthawuza ma filamentous rhizomorphs (basal mycelial bundles, hyphae) omwe amawonekera. m'munsi mwa phesi.

Epithet lateritium yeniyeni ndi epithet sublateritium yofananira iyenera kufotokozedwa. Sub amangotanthauza "pafupifupi", kotero ndizofotokozera zokhazokha; lateritium ndi mtundu wa njerwa, koma popeza njerwa zimatha kukhala zamtundu uliwonse, mwina ndi dzina lodziwika bwino mu ufumu wa bowa; komabe, mtundu wa kapu wa bowa wofiira wa njerwa mwina umagwirizana ndi lingaliro la anthu ambiri la "njerwa yofiira" kwambiri. Choncho, dzina lenileni la Hypholoma lateritium tsopano latengedwa, kuposa lokwanira.

Chisa cha Sulfur-Yellow Honey (Hypholoma fasciculare)

Bowa wa uchi wabodza wa sulufule wachikasu amafananadi ndi achichepere ofiira ngati njerwa. Ndipo zingakhale zovuta kuzisiyanitsa: mitunduyo imadutsa m'madera, zachilengedwe ndi nthawi ya fruiting. Mitundu yonseyi imatha kukhala yowawa mofanana mu kukoma. Muyenera kuyang'ana mbale za akuluakulu, koma osati okalamba osati bowa zouma. Mu sulfure-chikasu, mbalezo ndi zachikasu-zobiriwira, "sulfure-chikasu", mu zofiira za njerwa zimakhala zotuwa ndi mithunzi yofiirira, violet.

Hypholoma capnoides

Zikuwoneka ngati zofiira za njerwa ndizokhazikika. Mmodzi wa imvi-lamellar ali ndi mbale zotuwa, zopanda chikasu mu bowa wachichepere, zomwe zimalembedwa m'dzina. Koma chosiyanitsa chachikulu ndi malo a kukula: pa conifers okha.

Kanema wa bowa Honey agaric njerwa zofiira:

Chithunzi: Gumenyuk Vitaliy komanso kuchokera ku mafunso mu Recognition.