"Honeymoon": zizindikiro ndi miyambo ya August

Gustoed vs sextile

Asanabatizidwe ku Russia, August ankatchedwa mosiyana, koma dzinalo linali ndi ulalo wa kalendala. Kwinakwake kuli “kuŵala” (m’bandakucha kumazizira), penapake pali “njoka” (zotuta zikutha), penapake pali “wosungirako mwezi” kapena “wodya wonenepa” (gome panthaŵiyo linali makamaka wolemera).

Dzina lamakono liribe kanthu kochita ndi chilengedwe: ndi msonkho kwachabechabe chaumunthu. Mweziwo unatchulidwa motero polemekeza mfumu ya Roma Octavian Augustus: kugonjetsedwa kwa Igupto kunagwera pa nthawi yopambana kwambiri iyi kwa iye. Mfumuyo inasankha mwezi womwe kale unkatchedwa "sextile". Ndinatenga chitsanzo kuchokera kwa Julius Caesar, yemwe atangotsala pang'ono kuti "quintillium" akhale July.

Koma kubwerera kwa amuna athu achi Russia. "Mlimi amakhala ndi nkhawa zitatu mu Ogasiti: kutchera, kulima, ndi kubzala," iwo ankakonda kunena ku Russia. Nanga bwanji akazi? Ndiyeno panali mawu akuti: "Kwa amene amagwira ntchito, ndipo akazi athu amakhala ndi tchuthi mu Ogasiti." Ayi, milandu yawo sinachepe, koma chisangalalo m'moyo chinakuladi - mwezi wokhutiritsa, wobala zipatso bwanji!

Chenjerani ndi madzi ndi ziweto

Mpaka 1917, Tsiku la Ilyin linali kukondwerera pa July 20. Koma pambuyo pa kusintha kwa kalendala, holideyi inasintha, ndipo tsopano ikugwa pa August 2. Monga momwe zinalili ndi Ivan Kupala, tsiku la Ilyin mu miyambo ya ku Russia linatenganso zikhulupiriro zachikunja komanso zikhulupiriro zachikunja. Miyambo yachikhristu.

Pali Baibulo limene Perunov tsiku, amene anagwa pa nthawi imeneyi, ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Chikhristu, anayamba kutchedwa Ilyin. Ndipo chifaniziro cha mneneri wa Chipangano Chakale Eliya, amene anakhalako zaka mazana asanu ndi anayi Yesu Khristu asanabadwe, anapeza maonekedwe a mulungu woopsa wachikunja. Ndipo Eliya anakhala ku Russia wolamulira wa bingu, mphezi ndi mvula, mbuye wa zokolola ndi chonde.

Asilavo ankakhulupirira kuti ngakhale mizimu yoipa inkawopa Eliya: pa tsiku la «woyera woopsa» iye anasanduka nyama zosiyanasiyana - amphaka, agalu, mimbulu, akalulu. Ziweto zinasiya kukondedwa pa Tsiku la Ilyin - sanaloledwe kulowa m'nyumba. Ntchito yonse pa tsikuli inayima, kuti asakwiyitse mneneri Eliya komanso kuti asabweretse matalala, mabingu ndi mphezi ku chuma chake.

Amuna ochokera kumidzi yoyandikana adakonza "ubale" pa tsiku la Ilyin (mwambo uwu umatchedwanso "pemphero", "nsembe"): adasonkhana patebulo wamba, kudya, kumwa, kuyenda ndikuchita mwambo ndi nyama yoperekedwa nsembe. Iwo akhoza kukhala ng'ombe, mwana wa ng'ombe kapena mwanawankhosa. Eliya asanam’gule, anamugula m’thumba la ndalama, nam’nenepetsa, ndipo atamaliza kupemphera, anamuduladula. + Kenako anadyera limodzi, + n’kudyera limodzi ndi alendo komanso opemphapempha.

Kuyambira m'masiku a Ilyin, zinali zotheka kuthyola zipatso zakutchire ndikudya zipatso za mbewu zatsopano, komanso kusewera zida zoimbira anthu. Ankakhulupirira kuti panthawi yakucha kwa zipatso, masewerawa amatha "kuwomba masamba", ndiko kuti, kusokoneza kukula kwa zomera, chifukwa chake adaletsa masewerawo.

"Ilya asanasambe, mwamuna wina akutsanzikana ndi mtsinje kuchokera ku Ilya!" - adatero anthu. Chifukwa chiyani simungathe kusambira pambuyo pa tsiku la Ilyin? Wina akunena kuti Ilya "anakodza" m'madzi, wina akunena kuti anaponyamo ayezi kapena mwala wozizira. Ndipo kumpoto kwa Russia amakhulupirira kuti sanali Ilya amene analowa m'madzi, koma nswala kapena chimbalangondo.

Ngakhale zili choncho, tsiku la Ilyin ndi malire a kalendala a nyengo. Ndipo kuyambira nthawi zakale, makolo athu, amene ankadziwa kuona kusintha kakang'ono kwambiri m'chilengedwe, ankadziwa kuti nthawi imeneyi zizindikiro zoyamba za autumn anaonekera, khalidwe la nyama ndi mbalame kusintha, dzuwa sanalinso kutentha, ndi madzi adazizira. Yophukira ili pamphuno - «kusungirako», pali ntchito yambiri yoti ichitike ndi kukolola. Ndipo ndi odwala, osamba ozizira a m'banjamo, simudzakhala ndi vuto lokwanira. Kotero iwo anayamba kunena kuti Ilya "anakodza" m'madzi kuti alepheretse chikhumbo chofuna kumira kumeneko.

Tiyeni tidutse pamunda

M'katikati mwa August, Asilavo anthu mwambo chikondwerero «dozhinki» - akamaliza zokolola. Komanso, tchuthi ichi ankatchedwa «obzhinki» kapena «lingaliro / maganizo». Pa tsikuli, amuna ndi akazi ntchito m'munda mwakachetechete kuti kusokoneza «munda» - mzimu, mwini munda.

Mtolo womaliza utatha, akazi anatolera zikwakwa zonse, n’kuzimanga ndi udzu womaliza, ndipo aliyense anayamba kukunkhuniza m’chiputu. Inde, osati monga choncho, koma ndi mawu akuti: “Wokolola, wotuta! Perekani msampha wanga kwa ntchentche, popunthira, ndi chopunthira, ndi chokhotakhota.

Akuluakulu ngati anthu, koma moyo waumphawi unali wovuta - chilimwe chonse m'munda. Ntchitoyo si yophweka, koma sizingatheke, mwinamwake nyengo yozizira idzakhala yanjala. Ndipo apa izo ziri - mtolo wotsiriza! Simungasangalale bwanji? Mwambo umenewu unapatsa amuna ndi akazi mpumulo ndi kumasulidwa ndi zosangalatsa zake zopanda pake. Anthu wamba anali ndi sundress ndi kokoshnik okonzeka kukongoletsa mtolo womaliza. Mkazi waudzu anabweretsedwa ndi nyimbo pabwalo, kuikidwa pakati pa tebulo ndi zotsitsimutsa, ndipo chikondwererocho chinapitirira.

Ndipo makolo athu ankadziwa kugwira ntchito ndi kusangalala. August mwina ndi mwezi wofunika kwambiri kwa wamba waku Russia, chifukwa moyo wa banja lonse udadalira kukolola mpaka chilimwe chamawa. Ndipo kuvala mkazi udzu ndi yabwino «timu yomanga» pa nthawi ya ulimi ntchito.

Kumwa uchi: dzipulumutse, ndani angathe

Pakati pa Ogasiti, Dormition Fast imayamba. Koma ngakhale izi zinali choncho, anthu ankamutchula kuti «wakudya bwinja. Iwo adanena izi: "Kusala kudya kumadyetsa wamba kukhuta", "Fast - popanda njala, ntchito - osatopa", "Mu August, mkazi akupondereza phiri m'munda, koma moyo wake ndi uchi: masiku. ndi zazifupi - zazitali kuposa usiku, kupweteka kumbuyo - inde pickle patebulo. "

Pa August 14, malinga ndi kalendala yachikhristu, Mpulumutsi wa uchi akugwa (mu kalendala yakale inali August 1). Oweta njuchi anatola zisa m’ming’oma n’kupita nazo kutchalitchiko kuti akapatulire. Kumeneko adalandira dalitso lakudya uchi, ndipo masiku okoma adayamba ndi uchi, zikondamoyo ndi uchi, ma pie ndi mabasi. Ndipo adapanganso uchi wakumwa - womwewo womwe mu nthano za ku Russia "unatsika pamasharubu, koma sunalowe mkamwa."

Uchi wa dzenje unalibe kanthu kofanana ndi mead: unalowetsedwa kwa nthawi yaitali, kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo kupanga kwake kunkafuna mankhwala omwe anali okwera mtengo kuposa sturgeon caviar.

Izi ndi zimene wofufuza wa zakudya wa ku Russia, William Pokhlebkin analemba ponena za zimenezi: “Medostav ankagwirizanitsidwa ndi chinthu china chosowa kwambiri komanso chimene chinazimiririka—glue wa nsomba (karluk). Karluk anawonjezeredwa ku uchi wopangidwa kale asanakhazikitsidwe phula kuti achedwetse, kuchepetsa njira yowotchera ndi "kuzimitsa" (paste over) zinthu zowola zomwe zimabwera mu uchi, zimasokoneza.

Popeza karluk inali ndi ndalama zambiri kuposa sturgeon caviar (pood ya caviar - ma ruble 15, pood ya karluk - 370 rubles), izi zinawonjezeranso mtengo wa uchi woperekedwa. Akatswiri amakono ophikira amakhulupirira kuti kumwa uchi kungapangidwe pogwiritsa ntchito gelatin.

Pambuyo pa Mpulumutsi wa Uchi akubwera Mpulumutsi wa Apple - August 19. Kuyambira tsiku limenelo, adaloledwa kudya maapulo. Ndiyeno Nut (kapena Khlebny) - August 29. Pa tsikuli iwo nthawizonse ankaphika ndi kupatulidwa mkate. Maholide a Mpulumutsi amatchulidwa kulemekeza Yesu Khristu Mpulumutsi (Mpulumutsi). Komanso, mawu oti "kupulumutsidwa" m'nkhaniyi amatanthauza "kudzipulumutsa" - pali mphatso zonse za mwezi watha wa chilimwe: uchi, maapulo ndi mkate.