Zamkatimu
Mahomoni ndi mankhwala omwe matupi athu amatulutsa kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira kagayidwe kachakudya mpaka kufuna kudya komanso ngakhale kugunda kwa mtima ndi kupuma. Kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa mahomoni ena (kusagwirizana kwa mahomoni) kumakhudza thanzi ndikuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana.
Mutha kuzindikira vutoli mothandizidwa ndi kuyezetsa kwa mahomoni, komwe kumathandiza kuyesa kusalinganika kwa mahomoni. Maluso amakono ozindikira matenda a labotale amatilola kulandira chithandizo chokwanira m'tsogolomu.
Mahomoni amasinthasintha ndi zaka, ndipo kwa ena ngakhale tsiku lonse. Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito kuyezetsa kwa mahomoni kuti azindikire ndikuwunika kusalinganika kwa mahomoni komwe kungapangitse wodwala kudwala. Kuyezetsa mahomoni nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi magazi, koma mayesero ena amafuna mikodzo kapena malovu.
Nthawi zambiri amayesedwa:
- estrogen ndi testosterone, progesterone;
- mahomoni a adrenal monga cortisol;
- kukula kwa hormone, prolactin ndi mahomoni ena a pituitary;
- mahomoni a chithokomiro monga thyroxine.
Nthawi zina kuyezetsa kwa mahomoni ndi kuyezetsa kuponderezana kumachitika kuti awone kusalinganika kwa mahomoni. Madokotala amayamba apatsa wodwalayo mahomoni ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimayamba (zolimbikitsa) kapena kuletsa (kupondereza) kupangidwa kwa mahomoni ena. Kenako amaona mmene thupi limachitira.
Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya mayeso olimbikitsa ndi kupondereza imaphatikizapo.
- Kuyankha kwa mahomoni akukula kwa glucagon. Mu phunziro ili, timadzi ta glucagon timalowetsedwa mu minofu, ndiyeno mlingo wake umayesedwa mkati mwa maola 4. Kuyezetsa uku kumathandiza kutsimikizira kapena kuchotsa kuchepa kwa hormone ya kukula kwa akuluakulu.
- Kuyankha kwa Cortisol ku cosyntropin. Pachiyeso ichi, wodwalayo amapatsidwa cosyntropin, yomwe imakhala ngati hormone ya adrenocorticotropic yomwe imapangidwa ndi pituitary gland ndipo imapangitsa kuti adrenal glands apange cortisol. Miyezo ya Cortisol imayesedwa mphindi 30 zilizonse kwa ola limodzi. Kuyesa uku kumathandiza kutsimikizira kusakwanira kwa adrenal.
- Kuyeza kulolera kwa glucose. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo amapatsidwa chakumwa cha shuga, chomwe chiyenera kuchepetsa kukula kwa hormone. Ndiye mlingo wa kukula kwa hormone m'magazi umayesedwa maola awiri aliwonse. Kuyeza uku kumathandiza kutsimikizira acromegaly.
- Kuyankha kwa Cortisol ku dexamethasone. Wodwala amatenga piritsi la dexamethasone usiku, lomwe limayenera kulepheretsa kupanga cortisol. Tsiku lotsatira, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera kwa iye kuti ayeze mlingo wa hormone iyi. Mayesowa amathandiza kutsimikizira kapena kuchotsa Cushing's syndrome.
- Metyrapone kupondereza mayeso. Pano ndondomekoyi ndi yofanana - usiku wodwala amatenga piritsi la metyrapone, lomwe liyenera kulepheretsa kupanga cortisol. Tsiku lotsatira, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera kwa iye kuti ayeze kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a cortisol ndi adrenocorticotropic. Kuyesa uku kumathandizira kutsimikizira kapena kuletsa kusakwanira kwa adrenal.
Ndi mayeso ati omwe amaperekedwa kwa mahomoni
Pakuyezetsa mahomoni, magazi, madontho amagazi owuma pamapepala apadera, malovu, zitsanzo za mkodzo pawokha, ndi kuyezetsa mkodzo wa maola XNUMX nthawi zambiri amatengedwa. Mtundu wa chitsanzo udzadalira zomwe zikuyezedwa, kulondola kofunikira, kapena zaka za wodwalayo.
Zotsatira za kuyezetsa kwa mahomoni zingakhudzidwe ndi chakudya, zakumwa, kupuma, masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi kusamba, zomwe zingayambitse zotsatira zolakwika. Deta yolondola kwambiri imapezeka m'mayesero amphamvu, pamene kusanthula kumatengedwa kawiri kapena kuposerapo mkati mwa nthawi inayake.
Pali njira zingapo zopangira maphunziro a mahomoni.
Mbiri ya mahomoni achikazi
Mbiri ya mahomoni achikazi imaphatikizapo mayeso awa:
- FSH (follicle stimulating hormone);
- estradiol (mawonekedwe ambiri a estrogen);
- progesterone;
- testosterone;
- DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate);
- vitamini D
Pofufuza, kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zambiri kumatengedwa, koma kukodza kungalimbikitsidwe (kuphatikiza pa nthawi yapakati).
Mbiri Yama Hormonal Amuna
Izi zikuphatikiza mayeso a:
- PSA (prostate specific antigen);
- estradiol;
- progesterone;
- testosterone;
- DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate);
- SHBG (mahomoni ogonana omwe amamanga globulin).
Nthawi zambiri perekani magazi, mwina kuyika mayeso a mkodzo ndi njira zina.
Mbiri Yachithokomiro
Kuyeza mbiri ya chithokomiro kumaphatikizapo:
- TSH (hormone yolimbikitsa chithokomiro);
- T4 yaulere;
- T3 yaulere;
- ma antibodies a chithokomiro;
- ma antibodies ku chithokomiro peroxidase.
Kuwunika kwa calcium ndi metabolism ya mafupa
Pachifukwa ichi, fufuzani:
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D;
- 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D;
- parathyroid hormone.
Kuwunika ntchito za adrenal glands
Pankhaniyi, yesani mulingo:
- aldosterone;
- renin;
- cortisol: palibe mkodzo wa maola XNUMX, seramu/plasma, malovu ausiku
- ACTH;
- catecholamines ndi metanephrines (kutulutsa mkodzo);
- catecholamines m'magazi;
- metanephrine popanda plasma.
Njira zakukula
Kuti awone, mayeso amachitidwa pa:
- kukula kwa hormone;
- kukula kwa insulini 1.
Glucose homeostasis
Kuyeza uku kumayesedwa ngati akuganiziridwa kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga:
- insulin;
- C-peptide.
Amapangidwa nthawi imodzi ndi milingo ya plasma glucose, kuyesa kulolerana kwa glucose.
Ndingayezetse kuti mahomoni anga?
Kuwunika kwa kuwunika kwa mbiri ya mahomoni kungatengedwe mu labotale ya polyclinics ndi zipatala, ngati zikuphatikizidwa mu pulogalamu yoyeserera ya inshuwaransi yachipatala yokakamizidwa. Koma mayesero ena sangaphatikizidwe mu pulogalamu yaulere, ndipo ayenera kutengedwa ndi malipiro.
M'zipatala zapadera ndi ma laboratories, mutha kuyezetsa mahomoni pansi pa ndondomeko ya VHI kapena kulipira, zimatengera kuchuluka kwa kafukufuku.
Kodi kuyezetsa mahomoni kumawononga ndalama zingati?
Mayeso a mahomoni amawononga ma ruble mazana angapo mpaka masauzande angapo, kutengera zovuta za mayesowo komanso nthawi yake.
Mtengo woyambirira ukhoza kufotokozedwa pa webusaiti ya chipatala, mtengo womaliza udzadalira kuchuluka kwa kafukufuku wofunikira.
Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka
Anayankha mafunso okhudza kuyezetsa kwa mahomoni Endocrinologist Zukhra Pavlova. Tinayankhanso ena mwa mafunso okhudza kuyezetsa magazi Endocrinologist Elena Zhuchkova.
Ndani ndipo ayenera kuyezetsa mahomoni?
Mlingo wa mahomoni ukhoza kuunika ngati gawo la kafukufuku wamankhwala. Mahomoni a chithokomiro ndi mahomoni olimbikitsa chithokomiro (TSH) nthawi zambiri amawonedwa, chifukwa matenda a chithokomiro amapezeka kwambiri.
Dokotala amalangiza kusanthula kwa mahomoni ngati wodwalayo ali ndi zodandaula. Kapena mimba ikukonzekera - ndiye kuti akhoza kupereka mayeso a chonde ndikuwunika mlingo wa testosterone, globulin, estradiol, prolactin.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji kuyezetsa kwa mahomoni?
Nthawi zambiri ndimamva: ngati ndipereka mahomoni a chithokomiro, ndiye kuti zikugwirizana bwanji ndi kaya ndadya kapena ayi. Ndipotu, zonse zimagwirizana. Tiyeni tinene mlingo wa testosterone, womwe ukuwoneka kuti ulibe kanthu kochita ndi chakudya. Ngati muyang'ana musanadye ndi mphindi 20-30 pambuyo pake, kachiwiri, mlingo wake udzachepa ndi 30%. Ndipo izi ndi zofunika kwambiri!
Mukatha kudya, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni am'mimba, glucagon ndi insulin, kumawonjezekanso, ndipo zimakhudza kale mahomoni ena onse.
Komanso, timayesetsa kuganizira za circadian rhythm ya mahomoni. Mwachitsanzo, milingo ya cortisol ndi testosterone imakhala yokwera kwambiri m'mawa, ndipo mahomoni ena amakhala okwera madzulo.
Pali zofunika zina zoperekera mahomoni. Ndikofunikira kuti wodwalayo akhale pampando, chifukwa choyimirira cha thupi la munthu chimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.
Musanayambe mayeso a cortisol, ndibwino kuti musadye nyama kwa tsiku limodzi, musakhale ndi mantha, osaphatikizapo zovuta kwambiri, zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri.
Kodi pangakhale zotsatira zolakwika, zomwe zimakhudza kafukufuku?
Zotsatira za mayeso ena a mahomoni zitha kusinthidwa ngati atapangidwa atangopanga njira ya physiotherapy, mayeso a X-ray, ultrasound (mwachitsanzo, sikoyenera kuchita kafukufuku wa mahomoni ena patsiku la ultrasound ya bere. , ultrasound ya prostate). Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mukhoza kuyesa mosamala mahomoni a chithokomiro pambuyo pa ultrasound ya chithokomiro. Izi sizidzakhudza zotsatira mwanjira iliyonse. Katswiri wa endocrinologist adzakuthandizani kuyendetsa ndikukulangizani dongosolo labwino musanayesedwe.
Magazi ofufuza za mahomoni ogonana mwa amayi amaperekedwa pa tsiku linalake la kuzungulira. Katswiri ayenera kukuchenjezani za izi.
Matenda ena omwe sagwirizana ndi endocrine pathology amatha kukhudza zotsatira za mayeso. Choncho, mwachitsanzo, ndi bwino kuganizira za kukhalapo kwa khansa, matenda aakulu a chiwindi, impso, matenda aakulu a maganizo. Komanso, kuphatikiza kwa matenda angapo a endocrine kumapangitsa kusintha kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira zake ndipo kuyenera kuyesedwa ndi katswiri.
Pafupifupi kuyezetsa magazi kwa mahomoni kuyenera kuchitika osati kamodzi, koma mumphamvu. Kusanthula kwamphamvu kumakhala kodziwitsa zambiri pokhudzana ndi matenda komanso kulosera zam'tsogolo komanso zotsatira za matendawa.