Momwe mungasamalire maluwa - malangizo kwa oyamba kumene ndi okonda

Kukongola ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa amaluwa amaluwa kumapangitsa kuti chomerachi chikhale chosangalatsa. Osati gawo lomaliza pakukula kwa kutchuka kwa mitundu yambiri yomwe imaseweredwa ndi chisamaliro chosavuta kwa iwo ndi kuthekera kwawo, pafupifupi nyengo yonse, kuti asangalale ndi maluwa awo mosalekeza. Momwe mungasamalire maluwa nthawi yonseyi, tikambirana m'nkhani yathu.

Nthawi zambiri, wamaluwa amachita zinthu ziwiri zokha zovomerezeka - kumasula ndi kuvala pamwamba. Ntchito monga mulching nthaka kapena kupanga chitsamba sizidziwika ndi onse okonda duwa, chifukwa chake tchire silikula mokwanira. Kudulira kwa rozi kumayambitsanso mikangano yambiri. Kusamalira maluwa kumakhala ndi magawo angapo ndipo ayenera kutsatiridwa.

Zowonjezera feteleza

Popeza maluwa ndi ovuta kwambiri pakupanga dothi, kuvala pamwamba ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri powasamalira. Kuperewera kwa chinthu chimodzi kapena zingapo m'nthaka kumakhudzanso kukula ndi kukongoletsa kwa chitsamba.

M'chaka, madiresi angapo apamwamba amapangidwa. Feteleza mu mawonekedwe a ufa kapena granules anamwazikana pamwamba pa nthaka kuzungulira duwa chitsamba ndi mopepuka kukwiriridwa pansi. Ndikoyeneranso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamadzimadzi omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito nyengo yonse. Zovutazo zidzaphatikizidwa ndi kudyetsa masamba, komwe kuli ndi zabwino zina: atayikidwa pamasamba, amalowa mu cell sap mkati mwa maola angapo ndikuthandizira kukulitsa kukula kwa duwa ndikuwongolera momwe mbewu zonse zimakhalira, makamaka. zofunika pachiwonetsero zitsanzo za maluwa.

Ndi liti komanso choti adyetse

Nthawi zosiyanasiyana pachaka, tchire la rose limafunikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavalidwe okhala ndi zinthu zina:

Mavalidwe onse apamwamba amachitidwa m'mawa kapena madzulo pa tsiku la mitambo kuti asawotche. Kuvala pamwamba kwa nayitrogeni sikuchitika pambuyo pa Julayi, apo ayi mphukira zidzakula zomwe sizidzakhala ndi nthawi yokhwima nyengo yozizira isanafike ndipo idzasokoneza kukana kwachisanu kwa chitsamba.

Kukonza

Mphukira iliyonse ya duwa imakula mwachangu ndikuphuka kwa zaka zingapo, osachulukitsa makulidwe ake. Kenako nsonga yake imayamba kufa, ndipo mphukira yatsopano imayamba kukula kuchokera ku impso yomwe ili pansipa. Ngati kudulira sikunachitike munthawi yake, duwa limasandulika kukhala mphukira zamoyo ndi zakufa, zomwe zingasokoneze kukongoletsa kwa chitsamba ndi kuchuluka kwa maluwa ake.

zida

Pakudulira kwapamwamba kwa maluwa, zida zidzafunika. Ndikofunikira kuti akhale aukhondo komanso kuti secateurs akuthwa bwino. Musanayambe kukonza, muyenera kuchiza chidacho ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate, ndipo ngati amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndiye kuti ndi yankho la mkuwa sulphate.

Muyenera:

• Secateurs yokhala ndi mbali ziwiri zodula. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti tsinde likugwa pakati pa odulidwa.
• Secateurs ndi mbali imodzi yodula. Ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ngakhale kuti ndi yochepa kwambiri kuposa chida chokhala ndi nsonga ziwiri.
• Magolovesi. Kuti ateteze manja ku spikes, ayenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zolimba komanso zotanuka.
• Malumo a dimba okhala ndi zogwirira zazitali. Chida ichi ndi chofunika kwambiri kudulira mkulu kukwera ndi shrub maluwa. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri podula tsinde lakuda.
• Garden saw. Ndikofunikira kudula zimayambira zomwe makulidwe ake ndi oposa 2 cm.
• Kapeti wa mawondo. Zidzakuthandizani kuti mukhale pafupi ndi tchire ndikusunga mafupa anu athanzi.

magawo

Pali lamulo lachidule la kudula. Odulidwa ayenera kukhala oblique ndipo ali 0,5-1 masentimita pamwamba pa impso. Ngati mukufuna kupeza chitsamba chotambalala, chodulidwacho chimapangidwa pamwamba pa impso, yomwe ili kunja kwa mphukira. Malo odulidwa ayenera kukhala osalala, chifukwa ichi muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pruner yakuthwa yokha. Chifukwa cha kudulira kosayenera, mfundo zimatha kupanga mphukira zina, zomwe ziyenera kuchotsedwa pamene zikuwonekera.

Nthawi yodula

Nthawi yodulira imadalira gulu lomwe duwa limakhala, ndipo zimachitika nthawi yonseyi.

M'chaka, kudulira kumachitika pa tchire lomwe labzalidwa m'dzinja ndi zitsanzo zazitali. Nthawi yabwino yodulira masika ndi pambuyo pochotsa pogona ndi kutentha, pamene masamba ayamba kuphulika, koma mphukira sizinayambe kukula. Apa muyenera kupeza malo apakati, chifukwa kudulira koyambirira kwambiri, masamba omwe amaphulika msanga amatha kuwononga chisanu chobwerera, ndikudulira mochedwa, pamene kuyamwa kwayamba kale, kumafooketsa chitsamba, chomwe chimataya michere.

M'chilimwe, kudulira mwaukhondo komanso mwachidwi kumachitika, kukula kwatchire kumachotsedwa, kuteteza chitsamba kuti chisakhwime, maluwa atatha, ma inflorescence ofota amadulidwa.

M'dzinja, mphukira zonse zosapsa zimachotsedwa ndipo zimafupikitsidwa mpaka kutalika kwa pogona.

Mitundu yochepetsera

Pali mitundu ingapo ya kudulira, imadalira nyengo, mtundu wa chitsamba ndi kutalika kwake. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa kudulira mwamphamvu, kwapakati ndi kofooka.

Ndi kudulira kwakukulu, tsinde zimafupikitsidwa ndi 2/3 kutalika kwake, ndipo kudula kumapangidwa pamtunda wa masamba 3-4 kuchokera pansi pa chitsamba, kusiya mphukira pafupifupi 15 cm. Zitsamba zomwe zabzalidwa kumene ndi zitsamba zazikulu za maluwa a tiyi wosakanizidwa, omwe adakula kuti achite nawo ziwonetsero. Komanso, kudulira kwamtunduwu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsitsimutsa chitsamba. Osagwiritsa ntchito kudulira kolemera kwa maluwa a floribunda.

Kudulira pang'ono kumachitika pamlingo wa masamba 5-7 kuchokera pamunsi, ndikusiya pafupifupi theka la mphukira. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya tiyi wosakanizidwa ndi floribunda imafunikira kudulira kwamtunduwu.

Ndi kudulira kofooka, masamba 8-15 amasiyidwa patsinde pa chitsamba, chomwe chimakulolani kuti mupatse mbewuyo mawonekedwe okongola. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito kudulira koteroko kwa zaka zingapo motsatana, chifukwa izi zimathandiza kutambasula chitsamba ndikuchepetsa maluwa. Kudulira kwamtunduwu ndikofunikira pamitundu yamphamvu yamaluwa a tiyi wosakanizidwa ndi tchire zonse zomwe zimamera pa dothi lamchenga kapena m'malo omwe mpweya woipitsidwa kwambiri.

Palinso kudulira mwaukhondo, momwe mphukira zonse za matenda, zozizira ndi zofooka zimachotsedwa, pamene zimayambira zimafupikitsidwa kukhala minofu yathanzi.

Njira zochepetsera

Kwa nthawi yayitali, alimi a rozi adagwiritsa ntchito njira yodulira yachikhalidwe, yomwe imaganizira zinthu zambiri: mtundu wa maluwa, nthawi yobzala ndi mizu, zokhumba zamtundu wa chitsamba. Koma m'ma 90s azaka zapitazi, mphamvu ya njira yodulira idatsimikiziridwa, yomwe ambiri okonda duwa adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mosangalala ndikupeza zitsanzo zokongola komanso zathanzi.

Njira yachikhalidwe yodulira

Njira yosavuta

Mayesero amene bungwe la Royal National Society linachita asonyeza kuti pogwiritsa ntchito njira yodulira mitengoyi, tchire limakhala lathanzi ngati mmene ankachitira kale, ndipo nthawi zina amapeza maluwa akuluakulu. Komabe, njirayo ndi yosavuta. Chitsambacho chiyenera kudulidwa ndi pruner yakuthwa mpaka theka la kutalika kwake. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito shears kudula zomera. Palibe chifukwa chodula mphukira zofooka ndi zoonda, nthambi zakufa zokha ziyenera kudulidwa mpaka pansi. Mfundo za kudulira koteroko zimagwirizana ndi zodulira mwachikhalidwe.

Kuthirira

Chifukwa cha mizu yawo yakuzama, tchire lokhazikika bwino silifunika kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse. Amatha kukhala mwatsopano komanso kumva bwino ngakhale m'chilimwe, pamene zomera zina zimayamba kufota. Komabe, ngati maluwawo sathiriridwa kwa nthawi yowuma kangapo, kukula kwawo kumachepetsa, maluwawo amakhala ochepa komanso amafota mwachangu, pomwe masamba amakhala atsopano komanso obiriwira.

M'pofunika kulabadira malo chodzala maluwa. Choncho, zitsanzo zobzalidwa pa mchenga kapena pakhoma la nyumba zimafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse. Kuthirira kochuluka ndikofunikira kwa maluwa onse ngati chilala chimachitika kumapeto kwa masika.

Maluwa amathiriridwa madzi nthawi zambiri kuchokera mumtsuko wothirira. Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi - 5 malita pa chitsamba chilichonse. Maluwa okwera amafunikira malita 15 pa buku lililonse. Simuyenera kuthirira maluwa nthawi zambiri, ndipo mukamathirira, simuyenera kuyika chopondera pamphumi pamadzi.

Njira inanso yothirira ndi yakuti chogudubuza chimapangidwa ndi dothi kuzungulira tchire ndipo malo ozungulira chitsambacho amadzazidwa ndi madzi ochokera ku payipi.

Njira yabwino kwambiri yothirira ndi kudontha. Paipi imayikidwa pakati pa tchire, kudzera m'mabowo momwe madzi amalowa.

Kumasula nthaka

Kumasula nthaka mozungulira chitsamba kuyenera kukhala kokhazikika, kumapereka mpweya ku mizu - iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yochotsera udzu wambiri womwe umawononga kukula kwa mbewu. Mwachitsanzo, udzu wa tirigu sungathe kuwonongedwa ndi mulching. Kumasula kokha kungathandize. Komanso, kumasula nthaka kudzateteza kuoneka kwa tizirombo. Palibe chifukwa chomasula mozama kuposa 2-3 cm, apo ayi pali chiopsezo chowononga mizu ya duwa. Popeza kukumba mozama kuyenera kupeŵedwa, mafoloko sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pomasula. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito khasu kapena udzu.

Kuphatikiza

Kuphimba dothi lozungulira chomeracho ndi organic material kuli ndi maubwino angapo:

• Amasunga chinyezi.
• Amachepetsa udzu.
• Kumapangitsa nthaka kukhala yabwino.
• Amapereka zakudya zowonjezera ku zomera.
• Amachepetsa chiopsezo chakuda.

Kwa mulching, peat, larch kapena makungwa a pine, manyowa owola kapena humus wamasamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Udzu wodulidwa ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito, koma izi ziyenera kuchitika mosamala. Ngati udzu umadulidwa kudera laudzu lomwe lathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, simuyenera kudzaza nthawi yomweyo mulch wokhuthala, kuwonjezera apo, udzu uyenera kudulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi.

Pamaso mulching m`pofunika kuchotsa zinyalala, udzu, madzi ndi fetereza. Mulching nthawi zambiri imachitika masika. M'dzinja, mulch amakwiriridwa pang'ono m'nthaka. Nthawi zina mutha kuyika mulch mu autumn, nthaka isanazirale.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI: mulching sichidzalowa m'malo mwa kudyetsa maluwa, chifukwa kuwonjezera pa feteleza wachilengedwe, zomera zimafunikiranso zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi feteleza zovuta.

Njira ya kukula ndi kugwirizana

Mitundu yambiri yopopera maluwa simafuna kumangidwa ndi kuthandizidwa. Kupatulapo ndi mitundu ina ya maluwa a shrub okhala ndi tsinde lofooka. Pozungulira iwo muyenera kukhazikitsa zikhomo zochepa zosaoneka bwino ndikulumikiza nsonga zawo ndi matabwa.

Kukwera maluwa kumapangidwa bwino kuyambira pachiyambi. Mphukira zazikulu zimawongoleredwa molunjika, mphukira zam'mbali zomwe zikukula m'mwamba zimayamba kupanga, zomwe zimaphuka kwambiri. Ngati chitsamba chili pafupi ndi khoma kapena mpanda, mutha kuchipanga motere. Ngati mzati kapena katatu imagwira ntchito ngati chothandizira, zimayambira zimangozungulira chothandizirachi. Mukamangiriza zimayambira, muyenera kusiya malo okwanira kuti mphukira zikakula, waya sungasokoneze kukula kwawo.

Kudula masamba

Njira imeneyi ndi yoyenera kwa maluwa a tiyi wosakanizidwa. Nthawi zina masamba angapo amapangidwa kumapeto kwa mphukira. Muyenera kusiya imodzi yokha kuti mupeze duwa lalikulu. Masamba ena onse amazulidwa momwe akuwonekera.

odulidwa

Muchikhumbo chanu chokhala ndi maluwa okongola m'nyumba, chinthu chachikulu sichikupitirirabe komanso osafooketsa chitsamba mwa kudula kosalekeza. Osadula kuposa 1/3 ya kutalika kwa mphukira. Chodulidwacho chiyenera kukhala pamwamba pa impso. Ngati chitsamba chili chofooka, maluwa okha omwe ali ndi pedicels amatha kudulidwa, ndi bwino kuti musakhudze gawo lamasamba la mphukira. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kudula maluwa kutchire m'chaka choyamba mutabzala.

Kuchotsa maluwa osweka

Kwa maluwa a tiyi wosakanizidwa ndi maluwa a floribunda, kuchotsedwa kwa maluwa ofota ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakusamalira. Ndikofunika kuchotsa mbali yonse ya kumtunda kwa mphukira, kudula kuyenera kupangidwa pa tsamba lachiwiri kapena lachitatu, kuyang'ana kunja. Pochita izi zosavuta, muthandizira zomera kusunga zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zipatso. Komanso, kuchotsedwa kwa mphukira zowonongeka kumapangitsa kuti masamba atsopano awoneke. Sikofunikira kuchotsa ma inflorescence ofota amitundu yophukira limodzi, ndi mitundu yomwe imapanga zipatso zokongola.

Woponya

Nthawi zina, mutatha kudulira, mphukira ziwiri zimakula kuchokera ku mfundo zina. Nthawi zambiri, mphukira yofooka ndi kukula mkati mwa tchire imachotsedwa. Lamulo la kupatulira ndiloti mphukira zonse zomwe zimamera m'tchire ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Izi bwino mpweya wabwino wa chitsamba, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a maluwa. Kupatulira kumachitidwanso ngati cholinga chanu ndikupeza maluwa akuluakulu amodzi.

Kutsiliza

Potsatira njira zosavuta izi zosamalira tchire, mudzapeza munda wamaluwa wathanzi komanso wokongola.

Ndipo chinthu chinanso sichimatchulidwa kawirikawiri m'mabuku osamalira chomerachi, koma ndi bwino kuganizira: muyenera kupeza nthawi yoti mukhale pafupi ndi kukongola kwanu ndikuwasilira.

Pomaliza, onerani vidiyo yokhudza kusamalira maluwa.