Zamkatimu
Nyengo ya bowa imayamba ndi kubwera kwa kutentha m'nkhalango. Bowa amawonekera m'mphepete, pansi pa mitengo kapena pazitsa pambuyo pa mvula yotentha yachilimwe. Pambuyo pa "kusaka" bwino pamakhala mafunso okhudza momwe mungakonzekere bowa. Zimadalira makhalidwe a zosiyanasiyana. M'pofunika kuphika volnushki, russula, nkhumba musanaphike.
Kodi ndikufunika kuwiritsa mafunde pamaso salting kapena pickling
Volnushki ndi bowa omwe ali m'gulu lazakudya zokhazikika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito yaiwisi.
Mafunde amayamba kuonekera m'mphepete mwa nkhalango za birch kumayambiriro kwa June. Zimakhala zosavuta kuziwona kutali ndi chipewa chawo chopinki chokhala ndi m'mbali zozungulira. Amatha kukula paokha kapena kupanga magulu onse. Malo omwe mungapeze mafunde nthawi zambiri amakhala adzuwa, ofunda, ndi kuchuluka kwa mitengo ya birch.
Chipewa cha bowa chimakula mpaka masentimita 12 m'mimba mwake, pali mbale pansi pake. Akathyoka kapena kudulidwa, mafunde amawulula zamkati zoyera ndi madzi amkaka. Madziwo ndi owawa komanso owopsa, kotero pokonzekera mafunde, muyenera kuwonjezera ndi kuwiritsa.
Ambiri otola bowa amakhulupirira kuti kukonzanso kwa bowa ndikosankha mukamathira mchere kapena kuwotcha. Izi sizowona. Ngakhale kuti salting kapena marinating ndi njira yowonjezera yowonjezera kutentha, kuphika ma flakes kumapangitsa kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yabwino komanso imalepheretsa poizoni kulowa mkati mwa thupi la fruiting kapena kapu.
Kukonzekera bowa kuwira
Kuphika volnushki kumayamba pambuyo yokonza modutsa bowa. Amasunga mawonekedwe awo bwino, motero amatha kuyenda kwa nthawi yayitali. Pambuyo pokolola, volushki imatha kusungidwa m'madengu kwakanthawi pa kutentha kwa mpweya mpaka +10 ° C popanda kutayika kwabwino.
Kukonza kumayamba ndikuwunika bwino bowa aliyense:
- kukana zitsanzo za nyongolotsi;
- kudula mbali zowonongeka: miyendo kapena zipewa;
- yeretsani tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuchokera pamwamba pa kapu ndi burashi.
Kenako bowa amatsukidwa. Pachifukwa ichi, mabeseni a 2 amagwiritsidwa ntchito: madzi ozizira amatsanuliridwa mu chimodzi, chinacho chimadzazidwa ndi madzi ofunda.
Kodi n'zotheka kuphika volnushki popanda kuwaviika
Kunyowa ndi imodzi mwazinthu zopangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga bowa wa lactic, komanso zitsanzo zokhala ndi zipewa za lamellar. Ndondomekoyi ndi yofunikira kuti athetse kukoma kwa kuwawa kwa madzi otulutsidwa amkaka.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuthirira kumachitika kwa mitundu yonse ya bowa omwe ali m'gulu lodyedwa kuti asatengerepo mwayi wokhala ndi poizoni.
Volnushki amanyowetsedwa kwa tsiku limodzi asanawiritse. Nthawi yomweyo, malamulo oyambira amawonedwa:
- mukamamira kwa masiku atatu, sinthani madzi tsiku lililonse kuti bowa zisafufutike;
- Kuthira kwa tsiku limodzi kumalimbikitsidwa kuti kuchitike m'madzi amchere, izi zidzafulumizitsa njira yochotsa kuwawa (1 tbsp ya makhiristo akulu amchere amatengedwa pa 10 malita).
Kodi n'zotheka kuphika volnushki ndi bowa zina
Volnushki ikhoza kuphikidwa ndi bowa wina, womwe umakhala wodyedwa ndi mtundu ndipo samasiyana wina ndi mnzake muukadaulo wophika. Volnushki amadulidwa mu zidutswa panthawi yophika, akhoza kuphikidwa ndi mbali za bowa mkaka, russula, bowa.
Kodi kuphika volushki
Pambuyo pakuviika, misa ya bowa imatsukidwanso. Zipewa zimatsukidwa kuchokera ku ntchofu zomwe zimatuluka, zigawo za miyendo zimasinthidwa. Ndiye zonse zimaponyedwa mu colander kuti madzi otsala atatha kuthira ndi galasi. Pa kuyanika komaliza, mafunde amaikidwa pa chopukutira choyera kapena zopukutira zamapepala.
Nthawi yayitali bwanji muyenera kuphika bowa wa volnushki
Kuti apitilize kuwira, amatenga madzi ozizira oyera m'njira yoti amaphimba zisoti ndi miyendo ndi 2-3 cm. Yankho la funso la nthawi yayitali bwanji yophika flakes zimadalira njira yowonjezera yopangira.
Mpaka kukonzekera
Bowa amakonzekera bwino akakhala ofewa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mthunzi wa zipewa umadetsedwa pang'ono, ndipo miyendo imakhala ndi mthunzi wowala.
Mpaka kuphika, volnushki amaphikidwa pamene akukonzekera kuphika caviar ya bowa, saladi ndi bowa. Chimodzi mwazosankha chingakhale kukonzekera kudzazidwa kwa pies kapena kulebyak.
Nthawi yophika imayesedwa kuyambira pachiyambi cha kuwira. Pambuyo otentha, pitirizani kuphika bowa misa pa moto wochepa kwa mphindi 30.
Za pickling
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bowa nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati brining. Kukonzekera kwautali sikumasintha mawonekedwe, bowa amakhala wandiweyani panthawi ya salting ndikusunga mawonekedwe awo. Kukonzekera ndondomeko ali angapo mbali. Kuti mchere ukhale wozizira kapena wotentha mumitsuko yagalasi, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizowo:
- Mafunde amawiritsidwa m'madzi amchere: bowa amathiridwa m'madzi otentha ndikusungidwa kwa mphindi 5-10. pamoto;
- kenako amaponyedwa mu colander ndikuphika kwa mphindi 5 - 10.
Musanayambe salting m'machubu, kusowa kwa kuphika kwina kumaloledwa, koma pamenepa zikuganiziridwa kuti teknoloji ya salting iyenera kutsatira malamulowa:
- bowa amanyowa kwa masiku atatu, madzi amasinthidwa tsiku ndi tsiku;
- ndiye amayikidwa pansi pa chubu, mchere, wokutidwa ndi wosanjikiza wachiwiri, mchere kachiwiri;
- wosanjikiza womaliza umakutidwa ndi masamba a kabichi kapena masamba a currant, ndiye kuponderezana kumagawidwa mofanana;
- machubu amasungidwa pa kutentha kosapitilira +10 ° C, kukonzekera kwathunthu kumachitika pakatha miyezi 2-3.
Kuti muwotche bwino ma pickles a salting, ndikofunikira kudziwa njira yowonjezera ya salting. Kusankhidwa kosankhidwa kosankhidwa kumadalira kuchuluka kwa mchere, teknoloji yophika.
Musanadye
Bowa wokazinga ndi mbatata ndi anyezi ndi chakudya chokoma chachikhalidwe. Kwa iye, gwiritsani ntchito misa yophika. Musanayambe Frying, mukhoza kuphika mafunde mpaka theka kuphika. Kutentha kwina kumaphatikizapo kubweretsa bowa kukonzeka kwathunthu. Amawiritsidwanso kwa mphindi 15 - 20, kenako amawotchedwa mpaka atafeweratu.
Asanayambe kuzizira
Kuzizira zipewa ndi miyendo, nthawi yophika imachepetsedwa mpaka mphindi 15. Asanazizirike, amaumitsa bwino pa chopukutira. Ngati simulola kukhetsa chinyezi chochulukirapo, ndiye kuti chikaundana, chimasanduka ayezi. Kuti asungunuke, kuchuluka kwa bowa kumasiyidwa kutentha kwa mphindi 30. Kenako bowa amawiritsanso kwa mphindi 15.
Za pickling
Marinating ndi njira yosungiramo zomwe zochita zazikulu zimachitidwa ndi ma acid ndi mchere wamchere. Amakhudza mankhwala, kuteteza chitukuko cha tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, komanso kukhudza zabwino zonse kukoma ndi kapangidwe akusowekapo. Mfundo zoyambirira za processing ndi izi:
- ndi njira yozizira yophika, mafunde amawiritsidwa kwa mphindi 20 - 25;
- ndi njira yowotchera yowotcha, ndikwanira kuwiritsa mankhwalawa kwa mphindi 15.
Kodi kuphika volushki bowa popanda akuwukha
Otola bowa, atatha kusonkhanitsa zotopetsa, amayesa kukonza zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa mwachangu ndikuyika zomwe zikusowekapo posungira. Okonda zowotcha ndi bowa amakhulupirira kuti kuthirira kumalipidwa ndi kuphika kwanthawi yayitali. Ndi chinyengo. Kuthira ndi kuwira kuli ndi zolinga zosiyanasiyana:
- zipewa ndi miyendo zimanyowa kuti zithetse kuwawa komwe madzi amkaka amapereka;
- kuwira m'pofunika kuti achotseretu poizoni zinthu ndi kuthetsa wakupha chakudya.
Volnushki samaphika popanda kulowetsedwa kale. Kuwira sikuthandiza kuchotsa kuwawa kwa madzi amkaka omwe ali ndi mbale za kapu.
Nthawi yayitali bwanji yophika flakes kusungidwa
Pali zochitika pamene nthawi yothira yatha: bowa ndi yophika, koma palibe nthawi yowonjezera. Kenako ma volnushki okonzedwa amasungidwa kuti asungidwe kuti akonze pickles kapena marinades pambuyo pake.
Njira yabwino yosungira mbali zowiritsa ndikuzizira. Kwa izo, zotengera zapulasitiki kapena matumba apulasitiki okhala ndi zomangira zosavuta zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zigawo zophika zimasungidwa mufiriji pa kutentha kwa 0 mpaka +2 ° C, osapitirira tsiku. Asanayambe kukonzekera, akulimbikitsidwa kuti awonjezere blanched kwa mphindi 5. Kusungirako mufiriji kumapangitsa kuti miyendo ikhale yochepa kwambiri, zisoti zimatha kusintha mtundu: pang'ono mdima.
Kutsiliza
M'pofunika kuphika mafunde musanayambe kuphika. Zosiyanasiyana za milkers zimasiyanitsidwa ndi madzi owawa, omwe amawononga kukoma konse kwa mbale ndi kusakwanira kukonza. Ndi nthawi yochuluka bwanji yophika mafunde musanayambe salting, ndi zochuluka bwanji - musanayambe pickling, zimadalira njira yokolola yosankhidwa. Mkhalidwe wokonzekera bwino bowa ndikutsata malamulo opangira.
