Chitetezo mwa mwana

Panthawi ya mliri wa coronavirus, zofalitsa zambiri zimawonekera pa intaneti zokhudzana ndi kufunikira kolimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira, kuphatikiza ana. Koma maphikidwe ambiri omwe amalangizidwa kwa ana aang'ono samatsutsa kutsutsidwa, komanso, akhoza kukhala owopsa kwa thupi losalimba. Kuti mumvetsetse momwe chitetezo cha mthupi chingakhudzire ana, momwe chingalimbikitsidwire ndikuwonjezeka, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti ndi chiyani, momwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimagwirira ntchito, ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zili muubwana, njira ndi njira zothandizira ntchito yake. , ndi zomwe - kusokoneza.

Chitetezo cha mthupi ndi chimodzi mwa njira zapamwamba kwambiri zotetezera thupi la munthu ku nkhanza zakunja ndi kusintha kwa maselo mkati mwa thupi. Imateteza osati ku matenda, komanso kuzinthu zakunja, komanso kuchokera ku zake, koma maselo osinthika, omwe angayambitse matenda otupa. Pamodzi ndi ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe, chitetezo cha mthupi chimayamba kupanga ngakhale mu utero, kuyambira masabata oyambirira a mimba. Mbali ya chitetezo imafalikira kuchokera kwa makolo, pamlingo wa majini. Kuonjezera apo, thupi la mayi limapanga chitetezo china panthawi yobereka - mwachitsanzo, ma antibodies okonzeka ku matenda omwe amateteza mwanayo m'masabata oyambirira atabadwa (1).

Pofika nthawi yobadwa, mwana amakhala ndi mphamvu yoteteza thupi ku matenda yokhwima koma yosakhwima. Imapangidwa ndi zaka pafupifupi 7-8. Ndipo kuti ikule bwino, mwanayo ayenera kuphunzira za dziko lozungulira, kuphunzitsa chitetezo cha mthupi ndi kulandira zinthu zofunika kuti apange maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi, ma antibodies ndi zotchinga zoteteza. Pamenepa, pofika msinkhu, anthu amakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira cha chitetezo cha mthupi kwa anthu ambiri omwe amawazunza omwe ali ndi machitidwe oyenerera ku zokopa.

Kodi chitetezo chokwanira ndi chiyani ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani chikufunika

Chitetezo cha mthupi ndi njira yodzitetezera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana zakunja ndi zamkati zomwe zingasokoneze kukhulupirika kwa thupi ndikuyambitsa chitukuko cha matenda osiyanasiyana. Chitetezo chathu cha mthupi ndi gulu la maselo, minofu, ziwalo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kuti tikhale ndi thanzi labwino. Mwachidule, ndi chitetezo cholowera chomwe chimayesa zinthu zilizonse zamoyo ndi zopanda moyo zomwe zimalowa m'matupi athu. Imatsimikizira ngati zinthuzi ndi zovulaza kapena zopanda vuto ndipo zimachita mogwirizana ndi zomwezo. Pamene mabakiteriya kapena mavairasi alowa m'thupi, maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi amayamba kugwira ntchito. Ena amapanga ma antibodies, mapuloteni olimbana ndi matenda. Amamanga ndi kuchepetsa zinthu zoopsa, kuzichotsa m'thupi. Maselo oyera a magazi (leukocytes) amaukira mabakiteriya mwachindunji. Izi ndizochitika mwadongosolo zomwe zingalepheretse mwana kudwala kapena kumuthandiza kuti achire akadwala.

Chitetezo cha mthupi chimalimbana ndi ma virus owopsa, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, bowa komanso, mwa zina, majeremusi. Kuphatikiza apo, imazindikira ndikuwononga maselo ake omwe asintha ndipo amatha kukhala owopsa kwa thupi (losinthika, lowonongeka).

Momwe mungakulitsire chitetezo chokwanira kwa ana kunyumba

Makolo ambiri, pozindikira matenda pafupipafupi a ana awo, nthawi yomweyo amakhulupirira kuti chitetezo chokwanira chachepa, ndikuganiza za momwe angakulimbitsire. Koma ili si lingaliro lolondola pa ntchito ya chitetezo chokwanira. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ana amabadwa ndi chitetezo chopangidwa, koma osakhwima (komanso osaphunzitsidwa). Choncho, nkofunika kuti mwanayo aphunzitse, aphunzitse ndikukula chitetezo chake. Kuti achite izi, ayenera kuzolowera chilengedwe, kulandira zolimbikitsa zokwanira kuchokera pamenepo, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, zinthu zonse zofunika pakupanga maselo a chitetezo chamthupi ndi mankhwala oteteza zimalowa m'thupi lake (2).

Kuphunzitsa chitetezo chokwanira, ana ayenera kudwala nthawi ndi nthawi, muubwana amachita izi nthawi zambiri kuposa akuluakulu. Izi ndi maphunziro chitetezo chokwanira, chitukuko cha njira chitetezo. Koma awa ayenera kukhala matenda osavuta, okhazikika. Makamaka matenda aukali, matenda oopsa kapena kuvulala koopsa sikungakhale kopindulitsa. Koma n'zosatheka kulenga mikhalidwe wosabala mozungulira mwanayo, kumuteteza ku zisonkhezero zilizonse zakunja. Chilichonse chiyenera kukhala chochepa.

Komabe, ngati mwanayo sakutuluka ku chimfine, amadwala nthawi zambiri komanso nthawi yayitali, chitetezo chake cha mthupi chimafuna chithandizo ndi chithandizo. Ndiye muyenera kulabadira kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi lawo kuti thupi la mwana akhoza kulimbana ndi mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi oukira palokha.

Palibe kudziletsa, makamaka ndi maantibayotiki

Pewani mankhwala opha maantibayotiki pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira, makamaka podzipangira okha. Maantibayotiki amaperekedwa nthawi zambiri pochiza matenda aliwonse - kuyambira mabala a postoperative mpaka ma micro-inflammation. Cholinga cha maantibayotiki ndikuwononga mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa matenda, ndipo nthawi zina amatha kupulumutsa miyoyo. Komabe, akatswiri amayerekezera kuti pafupifupi 30 peresenti ya mankhwala opha maantibayotiki ndi osafunikira komanso osayenera. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa maantibayotiki samangowononga mabakiteriya a pathogenic, komanso amawononga mabakiteriya opindulitsa m'matumbo a microflora. Bwanji kupha majeremusi abwino pamene sikofunikira? Komanso, zatsimikiziridwa kuti zomera m'mimba mwachangu kumapangitsa chitetezo cha mthupi.

Ngati dokotala akulemberani mwana wanu maantibayotiki, musawamwe popanda mafunso angapo poyamba:

Kodi maantibayotiki ndi ofunikira bwanji?

- Ndi mwayi wotani kuti chitetezo cha mthupi cha mwana chingathe kuthana ndi vutoli popanda mankhwala?

Nthawi zonse mukamamwa maantibayotiki, muyenera kusamalira microflora yamatumbo, ndikubwezeretsanso ma virus opindulitsa.

Zakudya Zambiri za Probiotic Rich

Ndikofunikira kuti m'matumbo muli mabakiteriya opindulitsa amphamvu. Imodzi mwa njira zabwino zowapangitsira kukhala amphamvu ndi kusankha zakudya zopatsa thanzi za banja lonse. Kuyambira m'chilimwe, perekani mwana wanu mkaka wowawasa ndi zakudya zofufumitsa monga sauerkraut kapena kefir, yogati. Ndikoyenera kusankha zinthu popanda zowonjezera, kapena kuwonjezera zipatso ndi zipatso zachilengedwe.

Osathandiza kwenikweni ndi prebiotics - ndi chakudya cha mabakiteriya amoyo omwe amakhala m'matumbo. Amalemekeza kwambiri fiber, pectins, komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazigawo za mbewu. Choncho, nkofunika kuti mwanayo adye zipatso zambiri ndi ndiwo zamasamba, mbewu zonse, mtedza.

Zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso nthawi yogona

Zimachitika kuti makolo samayika kufunikira kwa zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi ndondomeko ya kugona, kuziganizira kuti sizofunika kwambiri, makamaka m'chilimwe. Popeza dzuwa limalowa mochedwa ndipo ana nthawi zambiri safuna kukagona, makolo amavomereza ndikulola ana kuswa regimen, kukagona nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Koma izi ndizovuta kwa thupi, ndipo zimadziwika kuti zimafooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi.

Kuti chitetezo cha ana chikhale cholimba, chizolowezi chodziwika bwino cha tsiku ndi tsiku chimafunika mkati mwa sabata ndi kumapeto kwa sabata, ndi nthawi yokwanira yogona. Kuphatikiza apo, njira yosankhidwa bwino imathandizira kupewa kupsinjika kwakukulu komwe kumakhudzana ndi kupita ku sukulu ya mkaka ndi sukulu - kuwuka koyambirira ndi kukonzekera.

Mwamsanga mutayamba kupanga regimen, zidzakhala zosavuta kwa mwanayo ndi makolo m'tsogolomu. Ana ambiri amafunikira kugona kosalekeza kwa maola 10 mpaka 14 tsiku lililonse (mwana akamachepera, m’pamenenso amafunikira kugona mokwanira) kuti akhale athanzi. Koma kugona bwino, mwanayo ayenera mwachangu amathera mphamvu masana, ndiyeno zidzakhala zosavuta kuti agone.

Shuga, koma mwachilengedwe

Ana ndi maswiti amawoneka ngati kuphatikiza kwachilengedwe kwa makolo. Komabe, shuga wambiri m'maswiti osiyanasiyana awonetsedwa kuti amasintha ma microbiome mopitilira muyeso, kudyetsa mabakiteriya okonda shuga omwe amatha kutsekereza mabakiteriya opindulitsa, olimbikitsa chitetezo chamthupi.

Limbikitsani tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a mwana wanu mwa kukhutitsa zakudya zake ndi zipatso zokoma m'malo mwa makeke ndi masiwiti, kapena sankhani zakudya zomwe zili ndi zotsekemera zachilengedwe. Palibenso zothandiza ndi mavitamini omwe amapezeka mu zipatso zatsopano.

Tulukani panja pafupipafupi momwe mungathere

Limbikitsani ana anu kukhala panja monga momwe angathere m’chaka chonsecho, osati kokha kaamba ka maseŵera olimbitsa thupi ndi mpweya wabwino wokhala ndi okosijeni, komanso kaamba ka kupereka “vitamini wadzuŵa” wotchedwa vitamini D. Thupi limayamwa kuwala kwa dzuŵa kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta m’thupi kuti asandutse mafuta m’thupi kukhala mafuta. mtundu wothandiza wa vitamini D. Selo lililonse m'thupi lanu limafunikira vitamini D, makamaka kuti chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chigwire ntchito.

Komabe, kusowa kwa nthawi yakunja kwa ife ndi ana athu nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kusowa kwa vitamini D. Miyezo yotsika imalumikizidwa ndi matenda a autoimmune monga mtundu 1 shuga komanso matenda otupa a m'matumbo. Mavitamini abwino kwambiri awonetsedwa kuti amathandizira kusintha kwazizindikiro za mikhalidwe imeneyi pothandizira kuwonjezera maselo oyera a magazi, omwe ndi oteteza chitetezo chanu cha mthupi. Sungani mavitamini tsopano potumiza ana panja ponyanyala TV ndi masewera apakanema. M'malo mwake, werengani panja, yendani, sewerani masewera, kapena khalani padziwe. Nthawi iliyonse pachaka, kuyenda kwa banja, masewera, ndi kudya panja ndi njira yabwino yothandizira kudya kwanu kwa vitamini D (3). Nthawi zina, mavitamini akhoza kuperekedwa ndi dokotala. Komabe, simuyenera kuwatenga nokha, chifukwa zovuta zazikulu ndizotheka ndi kuchulukana.

Idyani masamba ndi ndiwo zamasamba

Inde, tonse tikudziwa kuti tiyenera kudya masamba osiyanasiyana, koma mukudziwa chifukwa chake? Chifukwa chimodzi chabwino ndi methylation. Ndi njira ya biochemical yomwe imapezeka m'thupi lonse mu ntchito zambiri zofunika, kuphatikizapo kuchotsa poizoni. Zamasamba zokhala ndi sulfure monga Brussels zikumera ndi broccoli, komanso masamba obiriwira akuda monga kale ndi sipinachi, amadzaza ndi mavitamini a B omwe amalimbikitsa methylation ndipo angathandize mwana kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Mavitamini achilengedwe kuchokera ku chakudya amatengedwa bwino kwambiri kuposa mankhwala opangira.

Nthawi zina ana amakana mwatsatanetsatane masamba. Pankhaniyi, mutha kunyenga pang'ono popanga mbale yamtundu wina. Mwachitsanzo, zobiriwira smoothies ndi ayisikilimu ndi zipatso pang'ono kwa kukoma. Mukhozanso kuphika masamba, mwachitsanzo, popanga makeke. Mu mawonekedwe awa, amasunga zambiri zothandiza.

The bwino mankhwala kuonjezera chitetezo chokwanira ana

Madokotala ndi makolo odziwa amadziwa kuti mwana akhoza kudwala nthawi zambiri: 5-7 pa chaka, kapena 12 - pamene ayamba kupita ku sukulu ya mkaka. Ndipo zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti chitetezo cha m’thupi chili m’mavuto. Koma ngati simutuluka mu ofesi ya dokotala wa ana, ndipo pafupifupi SARS iliyonse imatha ndi zovuta, ndiye kuti, ma immunostimulants amafunikira. Komabe, katswiri yekha ndi amene anganene motsimikiza - palibe kudziletsa!

Ndipo mwachitsanzo - ndikukambirana ndi dokotala - timapereka mndandanda wa mankhwala abwino kwambiri owonjezera chitetezo cha ana malinga ndi KP.

1. "Corilip NEO"

Kukula kwatsopano kwa NTsZD RAMS. Zosakaniza zazikulu ndi "encrypted" mu dzina: coenzymes (cocarboxylase hydrochloride ndi lipoic acid), komanso riboflavin (vitamini B2). Ana amasonyezedwa kugwiritsa ntchito "Corilip NEO" pa siteji ya mapangidwe atsopano (kuphunzira kugwira mitu yawo kapena kuyenda kale), pokonzekera katemera, pa nthawi ya miliri ya matenda, komanso kulemera kwa thupi. Ana kuyambira chaka chimodzi akulimbikitsidwa mankhwala ofanana "Korilip" (popanda prefix "NEO") pamaso pa sukulu ya kindergarten kapena sukulu, komanso ndi kuwonjezeka thupi ndi maganizo.

2. "Anaferon kwa ana"

Broad-sipekitiramu sapha mavairasi oyambitsa mankhwala ndi immunomodulatory kanthu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana kuyambira mwezi umodzi. Mu pharmacies, mukhoza kuwapeza mu mawonekedwe a madontho kapena lozenges. Pankhani ya kupewa, mankhwala amachita pa lonse chitetezo cha m`thupi: lymphocytes ndi phagocytes, ma antibodies, wakupha maselo. Zotsatira zake: thupi limatha kukhala ndi kuukira kwa ma virus kuchokera kunja. Malinga ndi wopanga, chiopsezo chotenga matenda chimachepetsedwa ndi nthawi zopitilira 1.

3. "Derinat"

Madontho opangidwa makamaka pochiza ndi kupewa SARS ndi chimfine makanda. Mankhwalawa, malinga ndi wopanga, amathandiza kulimbikitsa chitetezo chachilengedwe. Mwakutero, "imaphunzitsa" thupi kukana ma virus, komanso matenda oyamba ndi fungus ndi mabakiteriya.

Mtengo wa mankhwalawa umakula kwambiri ngati mukudziwa kuti Derinat ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira kubadwa, chifukwa palibe mankhwala ambiri omwe amavomerezedwa kwa ana.

4. "Polyoxidonium"

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati prophylactic kwa ana azaka zitatu. Zimathandiza kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kuteteza thupi ku matenda a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa matenda obwerezabwereza. Ndiko kuti, wopanga amaumirira pachitetezo chokhalitsa cha mankhwalawa. Zomwe makolo sangakonde ndikuti iyi si njira yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito: mapiritsi amayenera kuikidwa pansi pa lilime, zomwe si mwana aliyense wazaka zitatu angavomereze kuchita.

5. "Oseltamivir"

Mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amavomerezedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi akuluakulu ndi ana. Komanso, osati zochizira fuluwenza, komanso ngati njira yodzitetezera ngati kukhudzana ndi wodwala fuluwenza (kawirikawiri m'banja).

Mankhwalawa angaperekedwe ngakhale kwa makanda, koma zaka mpaka chaka chimodzi ndizotsutsana mwachindunji. Kugula monga momwe zilili m'nyumba yothandizira yoyamba sikungagwire ntchito - Oseltamivir imatulutsidwa ndi mankhwala okha.

Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka

Magwero a

1. Kutetezedwa kwa mwana ndi njira zolimbikitsira / Sokolova NG, 2010
2. Chitetezo cha mthupi chimatithandiza kukhala athanzi. Njira zamakono zolimbikitsira chitetezo chamthupi ndikuwonjezera chitetezo chathupi / Chudaeva II, Dubin VI, 2012
3. Masewera opititsa patsogolo thanzi la ana / Galanov AS, 2012